• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.124-132
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• 2004

Activation energy asymptotics (AEA) for Linan's diffusion-flame regime is revisited in this paper. The main purpose of the paper is to carefully re-examine each AEA analysis step in order to clarify the some concepts that are often misunderstood among the ordinary practitioners of the AEA. Particular attention is focused on the different AEA regimes arising from the double limit of large Zel'dovich and Damkohler numbers. In addition. the expansion procedures are shown in detail and the method that the turning point condition, commonly known as the Linan's extinction condition, is found is explained.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.335-346
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• 2005

The T-stress of cracks in elastic sheets is solved by using the fractal finite element method (FFEM). The FFEM, which had been developed to determine the stress intensity factors of cracks, is re-applied to evaluate the T-stress which is one of the important fracture parameters. The FFEM combines an exterior finite element model with a localized inner model near the crack tip. The mesh geometry of the latter is self-similar in radial layers around the tip. The higher order Williams series is used to condense the large numbers of nodal displacements at the inner model near the crack tip to a small set of unknown coefficients. Numerical examples revealed that the present approach is simple and accurate for calculating the T-stresses and the stress intensity factors. Some errors of the T-stress solutions shown in the previous literature are identified and the new solutions for the T-stress calculations are presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1988.06c
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• pp.71-123
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• 1988

The aim of this paper is to examine the end bearing capacity of a pile in cohesionless soils. The ode of failure of soil due to pile installation is assumed from experimental observation of actual soil deformation. A new solution is proposed complying with the assumed mode of failure by employing the theory of cavity expansion. The effect of curvature of failure envelope is studied in relation to tile proposed solution. The influence of a curved failure envelope becomes larger with increasing degree of curvature and the level of confining stress. This effect in some cases or reduce the end bearing capacity by tore the 80 percent compared with that given by a straight failure envelope. For practical application of tile proposed solution, the method of determining the average volume change in the plastic zone is re-evaluated. The proposed solution is confirmed by comparing the theoretical values with experimental results obtained from model pile tests in a calibration chamber. The comparison shows that the proposed solution provides a reasonable prediction of end bearing capacity for both weak and strong grained soils.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

Activation energy asymptotics (AEA) for Linan#s diffusion-flame regime is revisited in this paper. The main purpose of the paper is to carefully re-examine each AEA analysis step in order to clarify the some concepts that are often misunderstood among the ordinary practitioners of the AEA. Particular attention is focused on the different AEA regimes arising from the double limit of large Zel#dovich and Damkohler numbers. In addition, the expansion procedures are shown in detail and the method that the turning point condition, commonly known as the Linan#s extinction condition, is found is explained.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.16 no.1_2
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• pp.12-16
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• 1973

The inhibitory effect of Inula sesquiterpene lactones on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris was tested and the abnormality of the stem organization caused by the lactones was also examined. The longitudinal growth of the young stem and the expansion of the young leaf were stopped by the application of the lactones. However, this inhibitory effect was appeared and strictly restricted within the treated area. So the young shoot was observed for possible bending as a result of the unilateral application of the lactones. When the application of the lactones into the medium, the growth of the plant was entirely repressed. However, the growth of shoot and re-initiation of root were started after the plant was transfered to the lactone free medium. And partial reversal of inhibition of the stem growth was achieved by the additions of gibberelline and the lactones.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.48.1-48.1
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• 2019

Mass and radius of a neutron star in low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) can be estimated simultaneously when the observed light curve and spectrum show the photospheric radius expansion feature. This method has been applied to 4U 1746-37 and the mass and radius were found to be unusually small in comparison with typical neutron stars. We re-estimate the mass and radius of this target by considering that the observed light curve and spectrum can be affected by other X-ray sources because this LMXB belongs to a very crowded globular cluster NGC 6441. The new estimation increases the mass and radius but they do not reach the typical values yet.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.143-160
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• 2019

The domestic pharmacy market has undergone a lot of changes starting from the division of medicine. Along with the division of medicine, patients who had previously visited the pharmacy were moved to a hospital or clinic. As the pharmacy became more dependent on the illness and the clinic, the pharmacy began various activities to search for ways other than prescription drugs. At this time, the importance of distribution was emphasized around the time, and as the need to strengthen the competitiveness of pharmacies increased, they rapidly grew into the franchise market. Pharmacy franchise companies continue to lecture on academic management to strengthen the expertise of pharmacists' functions in line with the pharmacy market, which is different from ordinary franchise, in addition to private brand products for pharmacies, diversifying pharmacy handling items, And strengthening its market competitiveness. but research to support it are insufficient. As a research to help this, we analyzed factors affecting the intention of re-contracting and recommendation intention that affect the maintenance and expansion size of the drugstore franchise market. As a result showed the intention of re-contracting and the intention of recommending are affected by positive influence in brand trust. In addition, Brand Promise, Employee authenticity, Originality, Product excellence, Brand reputation, Brand identification, Educational Satisfaction were found to affect brand trust.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.7
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• pp.743-750
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a query expansion and weighting method for document filtering to increase precision of the result of Web search engines. Query expansion for document filtering uses ConceptNet, encyclopedia and documents of 10% high similarity. Term weighting method is used for calculation of query-documents similarity. In the first step, we expand an initial query into the first expanded query using ConceptNet and encyclopedia. And then we weight the first expanded query and calculate the first expanded query-documents similarity. Next, we create the second expanded query using documents of top 10% high similarity and calculate the second expanded query- documents similarity. We combine two similarities from the first and the second step. And then we re-rank the documents according to the combined similarities and filter off non-relevant documents with the lower similarity than the threshold. Our experiments showed that our document filtering method results in a notable improvement in the retrieval effectiveness when measured using both precision-recall and F-Measure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2014

Background: Although a residual intimal tear may contribute to the dilatation of the descending aorta following surgical repair of acute type I aortic dissection (AD), its causal relationship has not been elucidated by clinical data due to the limited resolution of imaging modalities. Methods: This study enrolled 41 patients (age, $55.2{\pm}11.9$ years) who were evaluated with dual-source computed tomography (CT) imaging of the whole aorta in the setting of the surgical repair of acute type I AD. Logistic regression models were used to determine the predictors of a composite of the aortic aneurysm formation (diameter >55 mm) and rapid aortic expansion (>5 mm/yr). Results: On initial CT, a distal re-entry tear was identified in 9 patients. Two patients failed to achieve proximal tear exclusion by the surgery. Serial follow-up CT evaluations (median, 24.6 months; range, 6.0 to 67.2 months) revealed that 14 patients showed rapid expansion of the descending aorta or aortic aneurysm formation. A multivariate analysis revealed that the residual intimal tear (odds ratio [OR], 4.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 19.31) and the patent false lumen in the early postoperative setting (OR, 4.64; 95% CI, 0.99 to 43.61) were predictive of the composite endpoint. Conclusion: The presence of a residual intimal tear following surgery for acute type I AD adversely influenced the expansion of the descending aorta.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.182-188
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• 2008

This paper is to compare the carbon-balanced and liner air-fuel ratio determination methods for alternative fuels. In the previous work, expansion of Eltinge chart, unburned hydrocarbon compensation, comparison of the results from various methods were discussed. It has been also concluded that Eltinge method might be regarded as the most general equation of AFR determination among the existing ones. In the recent years, however, increasing demand for the environmental preservation, including global warming-up protection, and energy conservation lead to introduce the alternative fuel to the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the exact calculations of AFR for these fuels are needed. Especially, for the fuel that contains oxygen, all AFR calculation equations except Eltinge have to be re-formulated. In this paper, the AFR for alternative fuel were calculated by re-formulated carbon balance, accuracy of which was already confirmed, and linear equations, which are newly proposed by statistical method for each fuel. The results show that AFRs based on carbon balance have a little more error compared with gasoline, however, the accuracy is enough for this formula to apply to various fuel. The proposed linear equation also have excellent accuracy below $\lambda=1.2$.