• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.563-569
• /
• 2021

This is a study on the relationships between foreign ownership and the firm value of Korean-listed ICT companies in the KOSDAQ market. The data based on 752 firm-year observations during the sample period from 2001 to 2018 was utilized to analyze the impact of foreign ownership in terms of the firm value. As a result of this analysis, more foreign ownership has positive effects on the firm value. An analysis of the effects of the interaction between foreign ownership and the debt ratio on the firm's value found that the interaction between foreign ownership and debt ratio had a positive effect on the firm's value. On the other hand, this interaction effect was less significant than the relationship between foreign ownership and the firm value. This is because foreign investors are already performing the role of monitoring and disciplining the use of debt to some extent. Therefore, the interaction effect was relatively small.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 1995.04a
• /
• pp.136-141
• /
• 1995

The early evaluation on strength of concrete is useful to achieve on quality control and improvement of properties of concrete. Especially, we could say that the confidence of construction is increased by the increase durability and safety building, due to early evaluation. In this study, was proposed to ultra-sonic pulse method as a early evaluation method for strength of concrete with main parameter, sush as W/C ratio and S/A ratio. The experiment results are summarized to follow as : $\circled1$ The ultra-sonic pulse was decreased as the increase of W/C ratio. $\circled2$ The maximum value for the ultra-sonic pulse velocity and compressive strength was presented in the case of 40% S/A ratio and these value was decreased as the change of S/A ratio over 40% $\circled1$ The relationship of the ultra-sonic pulse velocity and compressive strength on 28days according to the change of W/C and S/A ratio is to be: $F_{28} = -209193R^2 + 384417R - 1763441$(W/C Ratio) $F_{28} = 1726R^2 - 774R - 502 (S/A Ratio)

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.92-99
• /
• 2006

The swirl ratio of a charge in the cylinder was estimated by calculating the ratio of the rotary speed of charge which could be simulated from the rotary speed of paddle in the swirl measurement apparatus, to the engine speed which could be calculated by measuring intake air flow rate. The automation of the swirl ratio measurement for cylinder head was achieved by controling both valve lift in cylinder head and a suction pressure of surge tank using two step-motors. The number of measurement position for calculating mean swirl ratio was varied by adjusting the interval of valve lift. The mean swirl ratio with varying the number of measurement position showed nearly constant value. Two measurement methods for measuring the swirl ratio were compared, one was to control the suction pressure of the surge tank with PID (proportional, integral, differential) mode with by-pass valve controlled by the step motor and the other did not control the surge tank pressure by fixing the by-pass valve. The difference of the mean swirl ratio between the two measurement methods showed nearly constant value with varying the number of measurement position. This means that the w/o PID control method could be preferred to the PID control method which has been used, due to the simpleness of the swirl measurement.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.23 no.7
• /
• pp.104-112
• /
• 2019

The material properties of the 3D printing cement composite mortar were evaluated, and the performance range in which printing was possible was calculated using the void ratio in a fresh state as a single index. As a results of the tests, as the water-binder ratio (W/B) increased, the mortar flow value increased and the density and strength decreased. As the sand-binder ratio (SS/B) increased, the mortar flow value decreased. However, strength and density increased and decreased up to a certain SS/B. As admixture-binder ratio (Ad/B) increased, mortar flow value, density, and strength decreased. These trends make it difficult to mix-design to meet the target performances of 3D printing mortars, represented by extrudability and buildability. The value of mortar flow increased proportionally with the void ratio, while the density and strength apparently decreased as the void ratio increased. This indicates that void ratio can be utilized as a single index for controlling the material properties in the design of mortar mixtures. It was found that mortar mixture could be printed by a 3D printer when the void ratio was in the range from 0.6 to 0.7. This was verified by printing a mortar which has the void ratio of 0.634. The mortar was produced with the mixture design of W/B 35.0%, SS/B 60.0%, and Ad/B 0.1%. Further research applying diverse admixtures is needed to improve the quality of 3D printing output mortars.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2016

In this study, For assessment of triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury, we acquired images by fat suppressed 3D fast spoiled gradient recalled T1 and fat suppressed Isotropic 3D fast spin echo T1 techniques. For quantitative evaluation, measured signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio and verified statistical significance between two imaging techniques by Mann-Whitney U verification. And for qualitative evaluation, marked 4-grade scoring (0: non diagnostic, 1: poor, 2: adequate, 3: good) on shape of TFCC, artifacts by partial volumes, description of the lesions by two radiologist, verified coincidence between 2 observer using Kappa-value verification. We used 3.0 Tesla MR equipment and 8-channel RF coil for imaging acquisition. As quantitative evaluation results, signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio value of Isotropic 3D fast spin echo T1 technique is higher in every image sections, also between two imaging techniques by Mann-Whitney U verification was statistically significant (p < 0.05). As qualitative results, observer 1, 2 marked a higher grade on Isotropic 3D FSE T1 technique, coincidence verification of evaluation results between two observers by Kappa-value verification was statistically significant (p < 0.05). As a result, during MRI examination on TFCC injury, fat suppressed Isotropic 3D fast spin echo T1 technique is considered offering more useful information about abnormal lesion of TFCC.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to measure cardiothoracic ratio and to report the opinions on it, targeting 500 persons who were conducted simple chest radiography, in terms of clinical symptom, by visiting a medical examination center for S university hospital. As to the general characteristic of 500 research targets, it comprised 263 persons (52%) for males and 237 persons (48%), and the average age is 49.4. Out of 500 persons, it showed 125 persons (25%) in their thirties, 125 persons (25%) in their forties, 125 persons (25%) in their fifties, and 125 persons (25%) in their sixties. 1. In terms of the wholly 500 targets, the average value of cardiothoracic ratio was 0.48, and the average cardiothoracic ratio showed 0.45 in their thirties, 0.46 in their forties, 0.50 in their fifties, and 0.53 in their sixties. 2. The minimum value of cardiothoracic ratio was 0.33, and its maximum value was 0.70, and it showed 319 persons (63.8%) as to a case lower than 0.5, which is a normal value, and 181 persons (36.2%) as to a case more than 0.5, which is a normal value. 3. Among 181 persons who showed cardiothoracic ratio higher than normality, it showed 17 persons (9.4%) in their thirties, 22 persons (12%) in their forties, 54 persons (30%) in their fifties, and 88 persons (49%) in their sixties. 4. The average for the internal diameter (ID) of thorax was 141.8 mm, 229.6 mm at the minimum, and 353.5 mm at the maximum. 5. The average for the maximum transverse diameter of right side of the heart (MRD) was 48.0 mm, 4.95 mm at the minimum, and 84.5 mm at the maximum. The average for the maximum transverse diameter of left side of the heart (MLD) was 93.5 mm, 56.7 mm at the minimum, and 138.5 mm at the maximum. 6. The average for TD (MRD+MLD) of the heart was 292.6 mm, 96.6 mm at the minimum, and 199.2 mm at the maximum. 7. The average of cardiothoracic ratio (MRD+MLD/ID) was 0.48, 0.33 at the minimum, and 0.70 at the maximum.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.473-477
• /
• 2013

The aim of this study was to identify the optimal ingredient-mixing ratio of Job's-tear and wheat flour subjected to extrusion. A modified distance-based mixture design analysis was chosen for the experimental design. The results showed that the bending failure force, the a-value, and the water absorbtion index (WAI) value had no correlation with the mixture ratio of Job's-tear and wheat flour. However, the diameter of the extrudates, the L- and b-values, and the water solubility index (WSI) value were all found to be correlated to the mixture ratio. While the first three values were determined using a linear model, the WSI value was determined using a quadratic model. The diameter and color had an inverse correlation to the mixture ratio: the higher the ratio of Job's-tear to wheat flour, the lower the diameter and darker the color. The L- and b-values were found to change in accordance with the mixture ratio of Job's-tear to wheat flour. The lowest WSI value was obtained at a 40:60 ratio of Job's-tear to wheat.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.95-115
• /
• 2019

In the context of today's business environment, not only is the nation or company's credit rating considered very important in our recent society, but it is also becoming important in international transactions. Likewise, at this point of time when the importance and reliability of credit evaluation are becoming important at home and abroad, this study analyzes financial ratios related to corporate profitability, safety, activity, financial growth, and profit growth to study the impact of financial indicators on enterprise value and corporate taxes on credit evaluation. To proceed with this, the financial ratio of 465 companies of KOSPI securities listed in 2017 was calculated and the impact of enterprise value and corporate taxes on credit evaluation was analyzed. Especially, this further study tried to derive a reliable and consistent conclusion by analyzing the financial data of KOSPI securities listed companies for eight years from 2011, which is the first year of K-IFRS introduction, to 2018. Research has shown that the significance levels among variables that show the profitability, safety, activity, financial growth, and profit growth of each financial ratio were significant at the 99% level, except for the profit growth. Validation of the research hypothesis found that while the profitability of KOSPI-listed companies significantly affects corporate value and income tax, indicators such as safety ratio and growth ratio do not significantly affect corporate value and income tax. Activity ratio resulted in significant effects on the value of enterprise value but not significant impacts on income taxes. In addition, it was found that the enterprise value has a significant effect on the company's credit and corporate income taxes, and that corporate income taxes also have a significant effect on the corporate credit evaluation, and this also shows that there is a mediating function of corporate tax. And as a result of further study, when looking at the financial ratio for eight years from 2011 to 2018, it was found that two variables, KARA and LTAX, are significant at a 1% significant level to KISC, whereas LEVE variables is not significant to KISC. The limitation of this study is that credit rating score and financial score cannot be said to be reliable indicators that investors in the capital market can normally obtain, compared to ranking criteria for corporate bonds or corporate bills directly related to capital procurement costs of enterprise. Above all, it is necessary to develop credit rating score and financial score reflecting financial indicators such as business cash flow or net assets market value and non-financial indicators such as industry growth potential or production efficiency.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.163-174
• /
• 2023

This study aims to investigate the effect of the composition of the board and ownership structure on a firm's value in Jordanian firms. Specifically, it aims to determine the effect of board size, (CEO) duality, and family, foreign, institutional, and government ownership on a firm's value. An ordinary least square regression (OLS) was employed to examine the study hypotheses in a sample of 35 Jordanian industrial firms (175 firm-year observation) for a period of five years from 2016-2020. As measured by Tobin's Q (Q ratio) and market-to-book (MB ratio) for Jordanian industrial firms listed on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). The result found that foreign ownership, institutional ownership, and family ownership have a significant and positive effect on firm value. By contrast, government ownership does not have a significant effect on firm value. With respect to board composition (CEO duality and board size), the study results found no evidence to support the effect of board composition on firm value. The study recommended the concerned authorities with several recommendations, most notably: taking the necessary measures to ensure the continuity and growth of family businesses because of their positive impact on the value of the company and economic growth, spreading awareness about how governance protects the interests of investors.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.4750-4770
• /
• 1978

Under the various variations of the sample thickness, the load increment ratio and the load increment duration, this consolidation test of the clay in the Asan Bay was tried for the comparison with the standard consolidation test. The results gained are as follows; 1. The void ratio variations of the leached-clay samples were increasingly high, according as the sample thickness thinned and the load increment duration and the laod increment ratio increased. 2. The coefficient of consolidation were increased with the increment of the sample thickness, of the load increment ratio and of the load increment duration. Near the pre-consolidation load, the coefficient of secondary consolidation had the maximum value and lessened with the increment of the sample thicknss, and of the load increment duration 3. The value of the pre-consolidation load increased in proportion to the increment of the sample thickness and the decrease of the load increment ratio and the load increment duration. 4. The compression indices increased as the increment of load increased and decreased as the sample thickness increased. 5. The initial compression ratio increased as the sample thickness, the load increment ratio and the load increment duration decreased. The ratio of primary compression to the secondary decreased with the increment of the sample thickness and of the load increment ratio. 6. The time at the completion of psimary consolidation increased with the increment of the sample thickness and of the consolidation load, and with the decrease of the load increment ratio. 7. The compression indicses increaed as the sample thickness lessened and decreased as the load increment ratio increased. The coefficient of consolidation increased according as the sample thickness, the load increment ratio and the load increment duration went up. The settlement at the construction site should be calculated highly in proportion as the sample thickness lessened and the load increment ratio increased. The consolidation ratio is thought to be accelerated if the sample thickness and the load increment ratio becomes higher and the load increment duration longer.