• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.141-145
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• 2023

This study surveyed the changes in the proportion of Ecological and Natural Map (ENM) grades in Korea, the distribution ratio of ENM 1st-grade areas by region, and the current status of regional public appeals for the five-year period from 2017 to 2021. The nationwide changes in ENM grades revealed an increase in 1st-grade, 3rd-grade, and separately managed areas but a decrease in the ratio of 2nd-grade areas. Nationwide, Gangwon had the highest distribution ratio of 1st-grade areas, at 46.77%, while Gwangju had the lowest, at 0.05%. In the five-year study period, 383 appeals concerning ENM grades were received and processed. Gangwon had the greatest number of appeals, with 96, while Sejong had the fewest, with 1. A significant correlation was observed between the distribution ratio of 1st-grade areas and public appeals.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.58-69
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• 2003

The Hemi-sphere projection method produces an image that includes all surrounding visual landscape from a view point. This characteristic can solve the problem of perspective method that has only a limited view angle, and thus can be a potentially effective method for the analysis of visual landscape. This study tried to adopt the hemi-sphere projection method in the evaluation of streetscape, and examined its effectiveness and possibilities. Computer animations using the perspective method and the hemi-sphere method were produced for Bang-Hak Ro, Seoul, and the kames of the animations were reclassed to identify the visibility ratio of physical elements(buildings, sky and mountains). A preference questionnaire was given to 51 university students, and the relationships between the visibility ratio and visual preference were analyzed. The results showed that visual preference of streetscape can be explained by three factors: Openness, Uniformity, and Variousness, accounting for 63.2% of the total variance, and among which Openness showed the highest proportion at 32.1％. The visibility ratio calculated by the hemi-sphere method yielded strong correlation coefficients with Openness, and it was much higher than with the perspective method. The hemi-sphere method also produced significant correlation coefficients about Uniformity and Variousness, but the perspective method could not. The results demonstrated that the hemi-sphere method can provide more accurate observation of visual changes, and that it can be an effective method for the analysis of streetscape.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 1997

Characteristics of sex ratio and morphometric traits of induced allotriploid between female rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss and male cherry salmon, O. masou were performed. Sex ratios in both rainbow trout and cherry salmon were equally 1:1, while hybrid and allotriploid revealed higher proportion of male offspring (p<0.01). Body trait measurements of allotriploid in head hight/head length, length of dorsal fin base/body length and length of pectoral fin/body length were intermediate to their parental species, while in length of upper jaw/head length, allotriploid much more resembled that of rainbow trout. These facts proved that allotriploidization improved characters in sex ratio and morphometric traits compared to those o their parental species.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.2 s.55
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• pp.197-204
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• 1996

This study was performed to mark the criteria of the eathetic smile that was necessary to improve the esthetic problem in oral maxillo-facial region. The facial straight photographs of 62 adults(30 males, 32 females : 19-24 years old) in resting position and during smile were taken. The measurements and proportion of lip-teeth relationship during smile were statistically analyzed with photogrammetry. The following results wow obtained : 1. In the evaluation of the change of lips, smile line ratio was 0.93, buccal corridor ratio was 0.63, and smile symmetry ratio was 0.96. 2. The width of mouth during smile was 1.31 times of the width inthe resting position and 0.48 times of face width. 3. The upper lip height during smile was 0.69 times of the height in the resting position and the lower lip height during smile was 0.93 times of the height in the resting position. 4. The mean exposed lenght of upper central incisor was 9.96mm. Maxillary incisor exposure was significantly correlated with the upper lip change ratio, mouth width change ratio, and buccal corridor ratio.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.560-565
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• 2001

The objective of the present study is to investigate the characteristics for flow and wall shear stress in the aneurysm which is a local dilatation of the blood vessel. The numerical simulation using the commercial software for the laminar and steady flow were carried out over the diameter ratios(ratio of maximum diameter of aneurysm to the diameter of blood vessel) ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 and Reynolds number ranging from 900 to 1800. It was shown that a recirculating vortex occupied the entire bulge with its core located closer to the distal end of the bulge and the strength of vortex increased with increase of the Reynolds number and diameter ratio. Especially, for the Reynolds number of 1800 and diameter ratio of 2.5, the very weak secondary recirculating flow was produced at the left upper of the aneurysm. The position of a maximum wall shear stress was the distal end of the aneurysm(z=18mm) regardless of the Reynolds number and diameter ratios. But the maximum values of the wall shear stress increased in proportion to the increase of Reynolds number and diameter ratio.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07d
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• pp.1484-1486
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• 1998

Recently, extending the local broadcasting and increasing lots of informations, the low-loss communication cable is required in proportion as frequency. The reason of transportation loss causes to using the high frequencies like hundreds of MHz or decades of GHz. For the low transportation loss, it is required the developing-technology of foaming and the high foamed insulator with the dielectric ratio of the nearest to 1. Therefore, there is the purpose of developing the insulating materials for the low dielectric ratio. Also it is important to measure the attenuation, which is one of the important parameters, as the evaluation of transportation characteristic with frequency in the communication cable. In this paper, the result showed that the dielectric ratio(1.4) of the nearest to 1 and low attenuation with high frequency were very related to the transportation and reflection characteristics such as propagation velocity(82.27%), delay time and voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR).

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.920-928
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• 2003

The objective of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of flow and wall shear stress under steady and pulsatile flow in the aneurysm. The numerical simulation using the software were carried out for the diameter ratios ranging from 1.5 to 3.0, Reynolds number ranging from 900 to 1800 and Womersley number, 15.47. For steady flow, it was shown that a recirculating vortex occupied the entire bulge with its core located closer to the distal end of the bulge and the strength of vortex increased with increase of the Reynolds number and diameter ratio. The position of a maximum wall shear stress was the distal end of the aneurysm regardless of the Reynolds number and diameter ratios. For the pulsatile flow, a recirculating flow at the bulge was developed and disappeared for one period and the strength of vortex increased with the diameter ratio. The maximum values of the wall shear stress increased in proportion to the diameter ratio. However, the position of a maximum wall shear stress was the distal end of the aneurysm regardless of the diameter ratios.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify relationship between work unstability and personal medical expenditure ratio focusing on wage workers' contract period. Method: This study analyzed 2015 yearly data beta version of Korea Health Panel, co-managed by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs and National Insurance Corporation for data analysis. When executing linear regression, Household income was applied with equivalized income, and the proportion of personal medical expenditure was naturally logged to perform linear regression and the demographic and socioeconomic factors were taken into account. The demographic and socio-economic factors were also considered. Findings: As a result of reviewing the used factors, it was found that the more unstable work status, the higher personal medical expenditure ratio. This result corresponds to 'The Theory of Fundamental Causes' by Link & Phelan. Conclusion : It indicates that policy efforts should be made to improve the working environment and health level of socially unstable workers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.50-55
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• 1995

Recently, high-workable concrete has been developed and began to be used to a great extent in foreign countries, but it isn't familiar with and fully introduced in Korea yet. The aim of this paper is to suggest a reference data for the development of High-workable concrete according to the comparative analysis the effect of mix proportion (unit water sand/aggregate ratio) on the flowing characteristics. And also this paper aims to examine the compactability of High-workable concrete in a model wall-form.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2008

To improve concrete tensile strength and bending strength, New plan that have more economical and simple manufacture process is groped. By an alternative plan, chemical pre-stressed concrete is presented. In this study, we analyzed the rheological properties of cement paste with the kind and replacement ratio of k-type CSA type expansive additives that is used mainly in domestic. and we suggested that the algorithm of a mixing plan in the chemical pre-stressed concrete and from this, we presented the basic report for the right mixing plan. From the results, Flow increased more or less according to use of expansive additives. This phenomenon was observed by increasing paste amount that shows as substitution for expansive additives that specific gravity is smaller than that of cement. As linear regression a result supposing paste that mix expansive additives by Bingham plastic fluid. The shear rate and shear stress expressed high interrelationship. therefore, flow analysis of quantitative was available. The plastic viscosity following to replacement ratio of expansive additives is no change almost, the yield value is decreased in proportion to the added amount of expansive additives. Through this experiment, we could evaluate rheological properties of cement paste using the expansive additives. Hereafter by an additional experiment, we must confirm stability assessment of material separation by using the aggregate with the kind and replacement ratio of expansive additives.