• Journal of the Korean Burn Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.31-36
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• 2020

Purpose: Scar contracture influence the outcome of burn patients significantly. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of robot-assisted training for the lower extremity rehabilitation of burn patients. Methods: This pilot study was conducted on 7 burn patients for 8 weeks between January 2019 and November 2019. Two of 7 patients withdrew from this study because one had skin abrasion on the legs which thigh fastening devices were applied on and the other was not participate in the assessment at 4 weeks after training. Final 5 patients received gait training with SUBAR^® and numeric rating scale (NRS), 6-minutes walking test, and range of motion in flexion and extension of knee and ankle joint were evaluated before training, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after training. Results: The subjects had a mean age of 51.8±98 years, mean total burn surface area of 30.8±13.7%, mean duration from injury to 1^st assessment of 102.8±39.3 days. Anyone of 5 patients did not have musculoskeletal or cardiovascular side effects such as increased or decreased blood pressure or dizziness. The significant improvement in NRS, gait speed, and range of motion in knee extension and ankle plantarflexion after robotic training (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Robot-assisted training could be feasible for the rehabilitation of burn patients and it could improve muscle strength and range of motion in lower extremities, and gait function.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.8-18
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• 2015

Objectives: There have been several studies evaluated effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on spasticity but most studies could not assess spasticity quantitatively because they used clinical rating scales for assessment spasticity. The objective of this study is to evaluate effect of EA on poststroke spasticity quantitatively using tendon reflex (T-reflex). Methods: 29 stroke patients with upper extremity spasticity were randomized to EA group and control group. The EA group received combined EA and rehabilitation therapy 5 times a week for 3 weeks. Acupuncture treatment was given at Jian Yu (LI 15), Qu Chi (LI 11), Shao Hai (HT 3), Wai Guan (TE 5), He Gu (LI 4), Lie Que (LU 7), Hou Xi (SI 3) of the affected side, 30 minutes of electrical stimulation with a frequency of 40/13 Hz was applied at Qu Chi (LI 11), He Gu (LI 4). The control group received only rehabilitation therapy. The efficacy of treatment was assessed using T-reflex latency and amplitude, modified Ashworth scale (MAS) of biceps brachii, brachioradialis and triceps brachii. Fugl-Meyer motor function assessment (FMA) and functional independence measure (FIM) were also measured to assess motor function and functional independence. All outcomes were measured before treatment, immediately after 3 weeks of treatment and 1 week after 3 weeks of treatment. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in outcomes including T-reflex between the study groups except for FIM values immediately after 3 weeks of treatment (p=0.037). Conclusions: These results suggest that 3 weeks of EA does not reduce poststroke upper extremity spasticity electrophysiologically and clinically. However, small sample sizes and contradictory tendency between results from T-reflex and those from MAS require cautious judgement on interpretation of the results. A larger, well-designed clinical trials for quantitative evaluation of effect of EA on poststroke spasticity will be needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.8037-8045
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the application of elastic compression stockings and lower extremities exercise on edema and pain of lower extremities in hospital nurses. The participants were 30 hospital nurses working at a general hospital. The participants were categorized into three groups such as, 10 for an experimental group of the application of the elastic compression stocking, 10 for another experimental group of the application of Lower extremities exercise and 10 for a control group. Edema of the lower extremities were measured in terms of the girths of ankles and calves. And pain of the lower extremities were measured in terms of the score by NRS(Numerical Rating Scale). The data were analyzed with Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, ${\chi}^2$-test and ANOVA to identify the participants' characteristics, SPSS Win 21.0 program was used for analysing. There are significant differences in lower extremity edema among the experimental group of lower extremities exercise, experimental group of elastic compression stocking and control group was supported(Rt Calf F=0.645, p=.000, Lt Calf F=21.941, p=.000). There are significant differences in lower extremity pain the experimental group of lower extremities exercise, experimental group of elastic compression stocking and control group was supported(Rt: F==7.320, p=.000 Lt: F=10.623, p=.000). In conclusion, in has been appeared that the lower extremities exercise and wearing elastic compression stocking have effedted in relieving low extremity edema and pain scale for nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.375-386
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• 2022

Work involving standing or walking for a long time can cause swelling, pain, and fatigue in the lower extremities due to the effect of gravity on the circulation of the body. This study aimed to confirm the effects of aromatherapy essential oils, as a complementary and alternative therapy, on lower extremity edema, pain, and fatigue when applied as a foot bath or spray. The study was conducted after daytime work over two consecutive days on nurses who volunteered at the E University Hospital in D Metropolitan city between 15 August 2018 and 11 October 2018. This randomized controlled study. The foot bath group received a foot bath in 9 L of water containing 0.5 ml of essential oil blended with grapefruit and peppermint in a 1:1 ratio. The spray group received the same solution in 3% dilution in the form of a spray. Edema was assessed by measuring calf and ankle circumference, while pain and fatigue were evaluated using a numerical rating scale. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and repeated-measures ANOVA. The calf circumference in the foot bath and spray groups significantly reduced compared to that in the control group (F = 14.053, p <.001) after the interventions. Lower extremity pain (F = 42.497, p < .001) and fatigue (F = 20.641, p < .001) also significantly reduced in the foot bath and spray groups compared to those in the control group after the interventions. Foot bath is recommended to relieve swelling and pain in the lower extremities, and aroma spray is highly recommended considering the ease of application.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.183-193
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the improvement in patients with lumbar, cervical or radiating pain to the extremity by means of acupotomy. Methods : We treated 5 patients who have a disease related with lumbar or cervical spine with acupotomy combined with oriental medical treatment. We checked numeric rating scale(NRS), oswestry low back pain disability index(ODI) or neck disability index(NDI), and range of motion(ROM). Results : NRS and ODI/NDI were decreased, and ROM improved at all cases. Conclusions : This study shows acupotomy has a meaningful effect when applied on lumbar and cervical spine.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.648-651
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• 2006

Purpose: Tarsal tunnel syndrome is characterized by pain and paresthesia of the entire posterior tibial nerve and its branches of the lower extremity. The cause of the tarsal tunnel syndrome is usually unknown but, rare case of space occupying benign tumors such as a ganglion may be one of the causes. We report our experiences of surgical treatment of the tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by ganglion we have encountered recently. Methods: A 54-year-old male patient presented with paresthesia, burning pain, positive Tinnel's sign without preceeding trauma, infection or any other causes of event. With surgical intervention, we completely removed the space occupying ganglion and with performed surgical release of the posterior tibial nerve and its branches. Results: At a 14-month follow up examination, the symptoms of paresthesia, burning pain, sensory disturbance was much improved compared to the preoperative conditions. Takakura's rating scale was elevated from 4(Poor) to 8(Good). Conclusion: We report our surgical experience of a rare case of tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by a ganglion, with a review of literature.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2009

This study was designed to examine a 3-week modified constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) to the less-affected arm of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) would improve function of the more-affected arm in PD. The subjects were 6 institutional older adults with PD and clients of the social welfare facilities. The subjects (2 men, 4 women) ranged in age from 66 to 90 years (mean age 77.2 yrs). Three clinical tests were used to determine the improvement of functional activity between before and after modified CIMT. The tests included Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT). There were significantly differences after the modified CIMT for time performance in WMFT and pinch in ARAT (p<.05), No significant difference was noted after the modified CIMT for UPDRS and functional ability scale in WMFT. Therefore, the modified CIMT might improve time performance and is available to therapeutic program helping them improve functional ability for upper extremity in Parkinson's disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.781-786
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• 1993

Effrctive analgesia after elective thoracotomy can be provided by continuous extrapleural intercostal nerve block.This study was designed to prove the effectiveness of continuous extrapleural intercostal nerve block. Twenty patients undergoing elective thoracotomy were randomized into two groups. Group I received lumbar epidural block[N=10] and group II received continuous extrapleural intercostal nerve block[N=10]. Postoperative pain relief was assessed on Numeric Rating Scale[NRS] and recovery of pulmonary function was assessed by coparison of preoperatrive and postoperative FVC[Forced Vital Capacity], FEV1[Forced expiratory Volume in 1 second], VC[Vital Capacity]. Arterial blood gas analysis[ABGA], vital signs and amount of additive analgesics were compared also. No significant difference was observed between the groups concerning these parameters mentioned above. Systemic complications, such as urinary retention[2/10] and weakness of lower extremity[2/10], occurred in group I but no complication occurred in group II. We conclude that continuous extrapleural intercostal nerve block is as effective as epidural block in pain relief and restoration of pulmonary mechanics with fewer comlications. Also because of it`s ease and safetiness, this must be considered as a substitute of epidural block in routine use for thoracotomy pain relief.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.105-113
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dynamic balance training on pain, physical function, and dynamic balance in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Fourteen patients with knee osteoarthritis participated in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: an experimental group (n=7) or a control group (n=7). All the patients took part in a lower extremity strength program for 30 min. In addition, the experimental group participated in a 30-min dynamic balance program. Both groups performed the program five times a week for 3 weeks. Outcomes, including the numeric rating scale (NRS), Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CB&M), were measured at baseline and after 3 weeks. Results: Both groups showed pre-to-post intervention improvements on all outcome measures (p<0.05). The experimental group showed a significant improvement in WOMAC (p = 0.00; Z = -2.82) and CB&M (p = 0.03; Z = -2.20) scores after the intervention as compared with those of the control group. Conclusion: The results revealed that dynamic balance training improved physical function, as well as balance ability, in patients with knee osteoarthritis as compared with that of a control group with no balance training.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to report the effect of korean medicine treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in adults. A patient diagnosed with DDH had been treated with acupuncture, electroacupuncture, cupping therapy and chuna manual therapy for 8 weeks. The patient was evaluated by using range of motion (ROM) of hip joint, muscle strength of lower extremity, leg length, numeric rating scale (NRS) and Korean version of hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (K-HOOS). After the treatment, the patient had an improvement in the symptoms, pain, and activities of daily living of K-HOOS, especially the quality of life. In addition, NRS decreased from 7 to 4 points, and ROM and muscle strength also improved. The results of this study show that korean medicine treatment is effective and meaningful as one of the conservative treatment for DDH in adults.