• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.196-200
• /
• 1997

Glasshouse investigations were carried out to investigate the development and yield of Atylosia scarabeoides on soils of the northern guinea savanah zone of Nigeria. Seeds were sown at four rates 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg/ha. Single superphosphate (SSP) fertilizer was applied at sowing at four rates 0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha. Seeding (plant) population at one month and at harvest was significantly (p < 0.01) influenced by seeding rate but not fertilizer level. Fresh herbage yield was strongly (p < 0.01) dependent on fertilizer level, with the highest (not significant) dry matter yield at 90 kg SSP/ha. Seeding rate had no significant effects on herbage yield. The crude protein content of herbage rose with increase in fertilizer level although there were no significant differences between the various seeding and phosphorus rates. No significant interactions were observed between seeding rate and phosphorus lever. The yields were generally high, indicating good prospects for pasture development with A. scarabeoides in the zone, although field trials would be of benefit.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 1989.04a
• /
• pp.38-43
• /
• 1989

An improved model for predicting the reinforced concrete element behavior under dynamic strain rates was developed using the layer modeling technique. The developed strain rate sensitive model for axial/flexural analysis of reinforced concrete elements was uses to predict the test results, performed at different loading rates, and the predictions were reasonable. The developed analysis technique was used to study the loading rate sensitivity of reinforced concrete beams and columns with different geometry and material properties. Two design formulas for computing the loading rate dependent axial and flexural strengths of reinforced concrete sections were also suggested.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.336-342
• /
• 2014

Asexual benthic polyp reproduction plays a major role in the jellyfish bloom. Recent studies found that temperature is the most important factor to regulate the budding rate of the polyps. We established a simple dynamic model to count the number of polyps depending on the variation of temperature with two data sets from different places. The population of polyps was counted through the budding rate and the number of budding times by Fibonacci sequence. It is assumed that the budding rate depends on the temperature only. The budding rate of the asexual reproduction shows very sensitive to the distribution of the seawater temperature. The model was tested to the temperature data of Ansan located in the west sea of Korea. The results indicate that this model can be useful to predict the blooms of Aurelia aurita polyps, which may have considerable influence on the bloom of medusa. The shape of temperature curve plays a key role in the predicting the bloom of Aurelia aurita polyps.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2015.08a
• /
• pp.150.2-150.2
• /
• 2015

In this study, we analyzed the electric and optical characteristics by using various deposition rate ($0.5{\AA}$, $1.0{\AA}$ and $1.5{\AA}/s$) in order to enhance the performance in organic light-emitting devices (OLED). The organic multi-layer structures were deposited with NPB ($500{\AA}$ as hole transport layer), Alq3 ($600{\AA}$ as electron transport layer and emission layer) and LiF ($8{\AA}$ as electron injection layer) via SUNIC PLUS200 on Glass/ITO substrates. In this experiment, we examined the relationship between porous state of organic deposition and mobility of the organic materials. Among the three deposition rates, $0.5{\AA}/s$ achieved the highest performance of (10,786cd/m2, 4.387cd/A) comparing with that of $1{\AA}/s$ (7,779cd/m2, 3.281cd/A) and $1.5{\AA}/s$ (5,167cd/m2, 2.693cd/A). We confirmed that low deposition rate helps to arrange organic materials densely and to move easily another atomic location using inter-chain transporting by orbital overlap.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.4 no.6
• /
• pp.39-51
• /
• 1996

In the turning maneuver of the vehicle, its motion is mainly dependent on the genuine steering characteristics in view of the directional stability for stable turning ability. The under steer vehicle has an ability to maintain its own directonal performance for unknown external disturbances to some extent. From a few years ago, in order to acquire the more enhanced handling performance, some types of four wheel steering vehicle were considered and constructed. And, various rear wheel control logics for external disturbances has not been suggested. For this reason, in this posed rear wheel control logic is based on the yaw rate feed back type and is slightly modified by an yaw rate tuning factor for more stable turning performance. And an external disturbance is defined as a motivation of the additional yaw rate in the center of gravity by an uncertain input. In this study, an external disturbance is applied to the vehicle as a form of the additional yawing moment. Finally, the proposed rear wheel control logic is tested on the multi-body analysis software(ADAMS). J-turn and double lane change test are performed for the validation of the control logic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2010.09a
• /
• pp.736-742
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to characterize on the relationships of rainfall intensity and infiltration rate of rainfall dependent on unit weight change in the gneissic weathered soil by a column test equipment. In this study, volumetric water content and pore water pressure were measured using TDR sensors and tensiometers at regular time intervals. Rainfall conditions including continuous rainfall and repeated rainfall were selected in order to know the effect of antecedent rainfall. In the condition of rainfall intensity 20mm/h and the unit weights of soil as $1.35g/cm^3$, $1.55g/cm^3$ and $1.61g/cm^3$, average rainfall infiltration rate was $2.814{\times}10^{-3}cm/sec$, $1.969{\times}10^{-3}cm/sec$ and $1.252{\times}10^{-3}cm/sec$ respectively. The higher rainfall intensity and lower unit weight of soil, the faster average infiltration rate. Overflow in the column was happened except rainfall condition of rainfall intensity 20mm and soil unit weight $1.35g/cm^3$. Increasing the soil unit weight, overflowed water was increased and occurrence time was faster.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.86-91
• /
• 1999

This paper presents the text-prompt method to overcome the weakness of text-dependent and text-independent speaker recognition. Enhanced dynamic time warping for speaker recognition algorithm is applied. For the real-time processing, we use a simple algorithm for end-point detection without increasing computational complexity. The test shows that the weighted-cepstrum is most proper for speaker recognition among various speech parameters. As the experimental results of the proposed algorithm for three prompt words, the speaker identification error rate is 0.02%, and when the threshold is set properly, false rejection rate is 1.89%, false acceptance rate is 0.77% and verification total error rate is 0.97% for speaker verification.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2015

A method to compensate a bias hysteresis error of the ring laser gyro using the rate of temperature is proposed in this paper. Until now, we generally have measured and compensated the error of gyro and accelerometer using the temperature. However, we utilize the measured values of the temperature dependent error elements on the temperature rate in navigation system level. We show through experiments that the proposed method can improve the navigation performance and be very effective.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 1994

A model equation to describe the plasmid instability in recombinant Escherichia coli fermentation is proposed. The equation allows one to estimate easily the two model parameters; (1) the difference in the specific growth rates between plasmid-free cells and plasmid-harboring cells ($\delta$), and (2) the probability of plasmid loss by plasmid-harboring cells ($\rho$). The estimated values of $\delta and \rho$ were in the range of 0.02-0.07 and $10^{-3}-10^{-5}$, respectively, and were strongly dependent on the dilution rate. As another parameter, the ratio of specific growth rates of plasmid-free cells and plasmid-harboring cells ($\alha$) was calculated and the result showed the highest value of 1.28 at the lowest dilution rate of 0.075 $hr^{-l}$, examined in this work. By the sensitivity analyses on the estimates of $\delta and \rho$, it was found that the growth rate difference ($\delta$) affected the plasmid instability more seriously than the probability of plasmid loss ($\rho$). Furthermore, the profound instability of plasmid at low dilution rate could be explained by the high values of $\alpha and \rho$.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 2000

Drug delivery system(DDS) applied to various fields, such as medicine, cosmetics, agriculture and necessities of life. Among these application fields, DDS is often used as the method of drug dosage into the epidermic skin. We investigated characters of transdermal therapeutic system(TTS) and the skin permeability of that with applying DDS. Chitosan was selected as material of TTS. We investigated the permeation of chitosan ointment containing drug in rat skin using horizontal membrane cell model. Permeation properties of materials were investigated for water-soluble drug such as riboflavin in vitro. We used glycerin, PEG 600 and oleic acid as enhancers. Since dermis has more content water(hydration) than the stratum corneum, skin permeation rate at steady state was highly influenced when glycerin was used in water-soluble drug. The permeation rate of content enhancer and drug was found to be faster than that of content water-soluble drug only. These results showed that skin permeation rate of drug across the composite was manly dependent on the property of ointment base and drug. Proper selection of the polymeric materials which resemble and enhance properties of the delivering drug was found to be important in controlling the skin permeation rate.