• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.157-160
• /
• 2008

This study analyzed on the area of Samcheok, Kangwondo about forest fire alarming area and enlargement of the area. Then, visible area by unattended watching camera and watchtower for forest fire which were run by Samcheok was cross-checked with geographic information system, and it could be whether effective on watching the area where the forest fire risk was high enough and also it could be expanded to larger forest fire. The result of study, the visible area by watching facilities only holds for 13.4% of the whole forest fire alarming area, but the forest fire can be observed even though it is occurred in small valley because of smoke and all the forest fire have been occurred in daytime. Therefore, it can be determined that watching area will be extended around 50.3% while the observation radii of watching facilities raise by 4km. However, Samcheok has much greater area of mountain area in compared to any other cities or counties, watching facilities should be installed and run additionally for extinguishing the forest fire from the beginning.

• 대한공간정보학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.93-101
• /
• 2016

용수공급이나 수질관리 등과 같은 저수지 운영을 위해서는 최신의 수위별 저수면적과 저수량을 평가해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 괴연저수지를 대상으로 UAV 촬영 및 GCP 측량을 통해 정사영상과 DSM 자료를 구축하였으며, 저수지 영역에 대한 TIN 데이터모델을 구축함으로써 실제 저수구간인 149~156 EL.m에 대한 수위별 저수면적과 저수량을 계산할 수 있었다. 또한 수위별 저수면적과 저수량 자료에 대해 다양한 함수식을 적용한 결과, 수위별 저수면적은 4차 다항식을 적용한 곡선식의 결정계수가 0.97로 가장 높게 나타났으며 수위별 저수량은 2차 다항식을 적용한 곡선식의 결정계수가 0.99로 가장 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같이 UAV 사진측량을 통해 저수면적과 저수량 곡선식을 산정함으로서 효율적인 저수지 관리가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2009

An exploratory study was conducted in Juri Forest Range-2, a proposed biodiversity conservation area of Bangladesh to explore the present growing stock of tree, regeneration condition and status of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). This conservation area contains both natural and artificial plantation was selected by using multistage random sampling method. For determination of plot size and sampling methods, the quadrate size ($10m{\times}10m$) for tree stock measurement, ($2m{\times}2m$) for regeneration survey, ($20m{\times}20m$) for NTFPs survey was determined. Regarding tree stock survey, 14 species under eight families were found where Tectona grandis shows average number of stem/ha was 624 and basal area/ha was (10.36 $m^2/ha$) followed by Acacia auriculiformis (0.2 $m^2/ha$ and 637 stem/ha), Gmelina arborea (0.2 $m^2/ha$ and 600 stem/ha). In regeneration survey, 14 species were found belonging to 9 families where Alstonia scholaris shows highest (3,750) seedling per hectare. Regarding NTFPs, bamboo and cane are the most common resources. In last ten years, the total timber output was 1,28,596.14 cubic feet and total amount of revenue was 4,64,434 US$. The vacant area is 1,335.5 acre which contains 14% of total area. If this vacant area is planted with suitable species and take proper steps for appropriate management of this species it will be a good biologically diversified area.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.99-107
• /
• 2013

최근 측량장비의 발달 및 사용확대와 더불어 국토지리정보원의 네트워크 RTK 측량 기반조성으로 인하여 네트워크 RTK 측량이 측량산업 전반에 많이 활용되고 있다. 현재 공공측량작업규정에는 네트워크 RTK 측량 성과를 수준측량에 적용하기 위해서는 작업지역에 균등하게 분포한 5점 이상의 수준점을 사용하여 사이트 캘리브레이션을 한다고 되어있다. 그러나 지오이드의 기복에 따라 사이트 캘리브레이션이 가능한 수준점 간의 거리와 필요한 점의 수가 다를 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 검증하기 위해 지오이드 기복이 완만한 인천지역과 지오이드 기복이 큰 태백지역을 대상으로 네트워크 RTK 측량을 수행하고 사이트 캘리브레이션에 사용되는 기준점 간의 거리별, 기준점 개수별로 정확도를 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과 공공측량 규정에서 정한 수직정밀도(0.1m) 허용범위에 들기 위해서는 네트워크 RTK 측량의 사이트 캘리브레이션에 사용되는 기준점의 수와 점간 거리를 상호보완적으로 적용할 수 있는 공공측량작업규정의 개선이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2012

The applicability and accuracy of Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model on the estimation of soil loss at impacted area of shooting range was tested to further the understanding of soil erosion at shooting ranges by using RUSLE. At a shooting range located in northern Kyunggi, the amount of soil loss was estimated by RUSLE model and compared with that estimated by Global Positioning System-Total Station survey. As results, the annual soil loss at a study site (202 m long by 79 m wide) was estimated to be 2,915 ton/ha/year by RUSLE and 3,058 ton/ha/year by GPS-TS survey, respectively. The error between two different estimations was less than 5%, however, information on site conditions should be collected more to adjust model coefficients accurately. At the study shooting range, sediments generated by rainfall was transported from the top to near the bottom of the sloping face through sheet erosion as well as rill erosion, forming a gully along the direction of the storm water flow. Coarser fractions of the sediments were redeposited in the limited area along the channel. Distribution characteristics of explosive compounds in soil before and after summer monsoon rainfall in the study area were compared with the erosion patterns. Soil sampling and analyses results showed that the dispersion of explosive compounds in surface soil was consistent with the characteristics of soil erosion and redeposition pattern of sediment movements after rainfalls.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제20권9호
• /
• pp.1755-1762
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 입력전압 범위가 향상된 저면적 이중출력 스위치드 커패시터 DC-DC 변환기를 제안하였다. 기존의 스위치드 커패시터는 면적이 작고 저렴하지만, 효율적인 전압변환을 하는 입력전압의 범위가 좁고 다중출력의 경우 면적이 커지고 전력효율이 낮아진다. 제안된 스위치드 커패시터 DC-DC 변환기는 입력전압에 따라 커패시터 어레이 구조를 변경하여 최적의 효율을 갖는 입력 범위를 증가시켰다. 그리고 두 개의 스위치 어레이를 공유함으로써 스위치와 커패시터 수를 32개에서 25개로 줄였다. 제안된 변환기는 $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정에서 제작하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 입력전압 범위는 0.7~1.8V이고, 최대 전력 효율은 90%이며, 칩의 면적은 $0.255mm^2$이다.

• 전자공학회논문지
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 2013

본 논문에서는 제한된 범위의 Signed-Digit number 인코딩과 축약 단계를 이용한 고정소수점 병렬 십진 곱셈기를 제안한다. 제안한 병렬 십진 곱셈기는 승수와 피승수를 제한된 범위의 SD number로 인코딩하여 캐리 전달 지연 없이 빠르게 부분곱을 생성한다. 인코딩에 사용하는 숫자의 범위를 줄임으로써 SD number 다중 피연산자 덧셈의 한번에 연산 가능한 피연산자의 개수가 늘어나게 되고, 이에 따라 부분곱 축약 단계의 연산을 빠르게 수행 할 수 있다. 제안한 병렬 십진 곱셈기의 성능 평가를 위해 Design Compiler에서 SMIC사의 180nm CMOS 공정 라이브러리를 이용하여 합성한 결과 기존의 Signed-Digit number를 이용한 병렬 십진 곱셈기보다 전체 지연시간은 4.3%, 전체 면적은 5.3% 감소함을 확인 하였다. 전체 지연시간 및 면적에서 부분곱 축약 단계가 차지하는 비중이 가장 크므로 부분곱 생성 단계에서 약간의 지연시간 및 면적 증가가 있음에도 불구하고 전체 지연시간과 면적이 감소하는 결과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.729-736
• /
• 2011

This work is to compare the experiment results by a continuous fixed-bed adsorption of water vapor, acetone vapor, and toluene vapor on zeolite 13X (SAU) and silica-alumina (SAK). SAU and SAK have very different pore structure but similar composition as inorganic adsorbent. The relationship between the equilibrium adsorption capacity and specific pore size range were studied. Adsorption of water vapor was more suitable on SAU than SAK because SAU has relatively more developed pores around $5\;\AA$ than SAK in the pore range of $10\sim100\;\AA$. Adsorption of acetone vapor was more suitable on SAK than SAU because SAK has relatively more developed pores around $5\sim10\;\AA$ than SAK in the pore range of less than $10\;\AA$. Adsorption of toluene vapor was more suitable on SAK than SAU because SAK has relatively more developed pores in the pore range of $10\sim100\;\AA$ than SAK. Adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was closely related to the surface area generated in the specific pore size region. But it was difficult to distinguish the relationships between adsorption capacity and micro area, and the external surface area of adsorbent.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.87-100
• /
• 1974

This paper deals with grain size analysis, heavy mineral analysis and trace element analysis of the recent sediments of Han River basin between Cheongpyong, Gyeonggi province and Seoul. For each location the samples are taken at river shoreline, river berm and river dune. The size analysis discloses that the mean values range from $-1.37{\phi}$ to $-1.60{\phi}$, sorting values range from 0.25 to 1.84, skewness values range from -0.44 to 0.51 and kurtosis values range from -0.1 to 1.75. Based on the textural parameters, the dune sand can be distinguished from the shoreline-berm sand. The content of heavy minerals of each sample ranges from 0.04 to 4.7%. The principal heavy minerals are ilmenite, magnetite, leucoxene, garnet, amphibole, pyroxene, kyanite, zircon, monazite, tourmaline, epidote, limonite, and minor minerals are apatite, sillimanite, andalusite and olivine. In general, dune sand samples contain more heavy minerals than the samples of shoreline or berm sand. This suggests that the heavy mineral concentration is affected by wind action more than by any other causes. The content of ilmenite and leucoxene decreases, whereas the content of zircon and epidote increases as it approaches the downstream region. The differences result from the variance of geological occurrences. The emission spectrochemical analysis and colorimetry analysis revealed that the content of Ni and V in the heavy minerals of the study area are higher than those of other stream sediments in Korea. On the other hand the content of Cu, Ph, Zn, Mo, W, P, Mn, Cr, Ag and Sn are lower in the study area. It has been observed also that the contents of all the elements except for Bi are higher in this area than the samples of marine sediments of Yellow Sea.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.130-141
• /
• 2009

The spatial range of EIA is mainly related to landscape ecological factors such as topography, geology, animals, and plants. Problems were detected involved land, soil, noise, oscillation, the atmosphere, animals, and plants in the natural-environment. First of all, the current EIA lacks explicit spatial ranges and sections in terms of scientific exactitude and objectivity for assessment. Secondly, there are overlapping influence-area problems resulting in cumulative impacts of unit developments that accumulate. Finally, some developments have no regard for ecological and conservational value in relation to determining which effect ecological stability, and which should be regarded as Regional Ecological Resources. Therefore, this study suggests that EIA should be improved in the following manner. First, the standard classification of landscape unit for analysis should be established 10 regulate each spatial range on a wide-landscape scale. Secondly, the impacts resulting from the interaction of overlapping influence-area developments between individual development should be assessed. Third, Minimization of the of the environmental effects is needed by applying the cumulative effects to the influence-area where developments occur in the same time or in a sequence. Fourth, individual characteristics of landscape elements such as roads, rivers, and green networks need to be considered separately in the analysis. Finally, regional ecological habitats should be included in the analysis in order to achieve stable ecosystems.