• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2015

In this study, an approximate computer-based method was developed to analyze the behavior of raft and piled raft foundations. Special attention is given to the improved analytical method proposed by considering raft flexibility and soil nonlinearity. The overall objective of this study is to focus on the application of a simplified analysis method for predicting the behavior of sub-structures. Through the comparative studies, it is found that the computer programs (YS-MAT and YSPR), developed in this study, is in agreement with the general trends observed by field measurements. Therefore, YS-MAT (Yonsei-Mat) and YSPR (Yonsei Piled Raft) can be effectively used for the preliminary design of a raft or a piled raft foundation for high-rise buildings.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2022

The behavior of the soil subgrade is complex and irregular against loads. When modeling, the soil is often replaced by a more straightforward system called a subgrade model. The Winkler method of linear elastic springs is a popular method of soil modeling in which the spring constant shows the modulus of subgrade reaction. In this research, the factors affecting the distribution of the modulus of subgrade reaction of elastoplastic subgrades are examined. For this purpose, critical theories about the modulus of subgrade reaction were examined. A square raft foundation on a sandy soil subgrade with was analyzed at different internal friction angles and Young's modulus values using ABAQUS software. To accurately model the actual soil behavior, the elastic, perfectly plastic constitutive model was applied to investigate a foundation on discrete springs. In order to increase the accuracy of soil modeling, equations have been proposed for the distribution of the subgrade reaction modulus. The constitutive model of the springs is elastic, perfectly plastic. It was observed that the modulus of subgrade reaction under an elastic load decreased when moving from the corner to the center of the foundation. For the ultimate load, the modulus of subgrade reaction increased as it moved from the corner to the center of the foundation.

• 소음진동
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.508-516
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• 2000

To study the possibility of F.E.M application to vibration and shock response of double stage elastic mounting system with complicated damped foundation structure like common-bed or raft in ships foundation structure model which has complicated damped sandwich cross-section is analyzed first. And then vibration responses experimental results and shock response of double stage elastic mounting system with complicated damped foundation structure like common-bed or raft in ships foundation structure model which adopts the above damped structure as intermediate foundation were compared. As a result it is found that F.E.M could be effectively used in analyzing the vibration and shock response of double and multi-stage elastic mounting system with complicated damped foundation structures.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 사질지반에서 말뚝전면기초와 전면기초와의 거동을 유한요소해석을 이용하여 비교하였다. 25개의 시추공의 표준관입시험의 결과를 이용하여 구한 토질정수를 유한요소해석에 사용하였다. 말뚝을 사용하지 않은 전면기초의 경우 $8m{\times}8m$ and $15m{\times}15m$의 크기의 정규화된 침하계수는 각각 1.02~1.15 and 0.64~0.81의 범위로 나타났다. 전면기초의 두께는 부등침하와 휨모멘트에 영향을 미치고 하중분담과 최대침하에는 큰 영향이 없었다. 말뚝의 간격은 최대침하와 부등침하, 휨모멘트에, 말뚝의 하중분담에 영향을 받고 반면에 부등침하와 휨모멘트는 말뚝의 길이에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.417-428
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• 2017

The micropile has been mainly used under the concept of supplementing structural support or reinforcing soft ground. For the micropiled-raft system which uses a micropile and a raft in combination in particular, it is generally considered as ground reinforcement rather than foundation components considering the bearing capacity of the micropile in many cases. In this study, the bearing capacity mechanism of the micropiled-raft system is investigated through a physical model test and numerical method. The numerical results have shown that not only the slender-pile-effect of the micropile, but also the ground reinforcement effect, increase the bearing capacity considerably. The bearing capacity formula of the micropiled-raft system is derived based on the failure mechanism obtained through model tests. The formula is verified and proposed as a design chart.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.415-422
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• 1999

This paper describes a new optimum design approach for piled raft foundations using the genetic algorithm. The objective function considered is the cost-based total weight of raft and piles. The genetic algorithm is a search or optimization technique based on nature selection. Successive generation evolves more fit individuals on the basis of the Darwinism survival of the fittest. In formulating the genetic algorithm-based optimum design procedure, the analysis of piled raft foundations is peformed based on the 'hybrid'approach developed by Clancy(1993), and also the simple genetic algorithm proposed by the Goldberg(1989) is used. To evaluate a validity of the optimum design procedure proposed based on the genetic algorithm, comparisons regarding optimal pile placement for minimizing differential settlements by Kim et at.(1999) are made. In addition using proposed design procedure, design examples are presented.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 연약지반 상에 Piled Raft 기초의 지지력 특성과 침하 및 말뚝의 거동 특성을 분석하기 위해 수치해석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 단말뚝에서 군말뚝으로 갈수록 선단지지력 증가율이 증가하여 군말뚝의 효과를 입증할 수 있었다. Piled Raft의 중앙에 위치한 말뚝의 하중이 다른 곳에 위치하고 있는 말뚝의 하중보다 큰 값을 나타내며, 말뚝수량이 증가함에 따라 하중의 증가가 크게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이는 선단지지력과 마찰단면적의 증가의 영향으로 보인다. 또한 말뚝의 항복하중 이후의 하중지지가 말뚝에서 Raft로 전이되는 것으로 나타났으며, 말뚝의 항복 후에도 Raft가 하중을 추가적으로 지지할 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 말뚝의 근입깊이에 따른 횡방향 변위를 분석해 본 결과 단일 말뚝일 경우 횡방향 변위가 없었으며, 군말뚝일 경우 근입깊이가 깊어질수록 횡방향 변위는 크게 일어남을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2012

말뚝과 raft의 하중 분담 효과를 고려한 Piled Raft 기초의 설계는, 말뚝의 지지력만을 고려하여 설계하는 기존의 말뚝기초 설계 방식에 비해 경제적인 설계를 가능하게 해준다. 일반적으로 Piled Raft 기초 거동의 해석 및 설계는, 해석의 복잡성으로 인해 주로 컴퓨터를 이용한 수치 해석을 이용하고 있으며, 하중 분담 효과에 대한 해석 또한 개별적 상황에 따른 수치해석의 결과로 이루어진다. 본 연구에서는 기초 요소의 하중-침하 특성을 고려하여 Piled Raft 기초에서의 수직하중에 대한 raft와 말뚝의 하중 분담 효과를 평가할 수 있는 모델을 제안하고자 하였다. 기초의 비선형적 거동을 고려하여 말뚝과 raft의 거동을 각각 쌍곡선(hyperbolic curve) 형태의 정규화된 하중-침하 곡선(normalized load-settlement curve)으로 표현하고, 이를 통해 기초의 침하에 따른 말뚝과 raft의 하중 분담 정도를 평가할 수 있는 모델을 제시하였다. 또한 제시한 모델의 적용성을 평가하기 위하여 Piled Raft 기초에 대한 원심모형실험 결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과, 제시한 모델과 원심모형실험 결과로부터 나타난 침하에 따른 하중 분담률의 변화 양상이 전체적으로 유사한 형태를 보였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.625-635
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• 2022

High-rise buildings (HRBs) are considered one of the most common structures nowadays due to the population growth, especially in crowded towns. The lack of land in crowded cities has led to the convergence of the HRBs and the absence of any gaps between them, especially in lands with weak soil (e.g., liquefaction-prone soil), but then during earthquakes, these structures may be exposed to the risk of collision between them due to the large increase in the horizontal displacements, which may be destructive in some cases to the one or both of these adjacent buildings. To evaluate methods of reducing the risk of collision between adjacent twin HRBs, this research investigates three vibration control methods to reduce the risk of collision due to five different earthquakes for the case of two adjacent reinforced concrete (RC) twin high-rise buildings of 15 floors height without gap distance between them, founded on raft foundation supported on piles inside a liquefaction-prone soil. Contact pounding elements between the two buildings (distributed at all floor levels and at the raft foundation level) are used to make the impact strength between the two buildings realistic. The mitigation methods investigated are the base isolation, the tuned mass damper (TMD) method (using traditional TMDs), and the pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD) method (using PTMDs connected between the two buildings). The results show that the PTMD method between the two adjacent RC twin high-rise buildings is more efficient than the other two methods in mitigating the earthquake-induced pounding risk.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.629-641
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• 2017

Foundation plays a significant role in safe and efficient turbo machinery operation. Turbo machineries generate harmonic load on the foundation due to their high speed rotating motion which causes vibration in the machinery, foundation and soil beneath the foundation. The problems caused by vibration get multiplied if the soil is poor. An improperly designed machine foundation increases the vibration and reduces machinery health leading to frequent maintenance. Hence it is very important to study the soil structure interaction and effect of machine vibration on the foundation during turbo machinery operation in the design stage itself. The present work studies the effect of harmonic load due to machine operation along with earthquake loading on the frame foundation for poor soil conditions. Various alternative foundations like rafts, barrette, batter pile and combinations of barrettes with batter pile are analyzed to study the improvements in the vibration patterns. Detailed computational analysis was carried out in SAP 2000 software; the numerical model was analyzed and compared with the shaking table experiment results. The numerical results are found to be closely matching with the experimental data which confirms the accuracy of the numerical model predictions. Both shake table and SAP 2000 results reveal that combination of barrette and batter piles with raft are best suitable for poor soil conditions because it reduces the displacement at top deck, bending moment and horizontal displacement of pile and thereby making the foundation more stable under seismic loading.