• Title/Summary/Keyword: radiocarbon dating

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Applications of OSL method in Archeology (OSL 연대측정법의 고고학적 적용)

  • Yang, Dong-Yoon;Kim, Ju-Yong;Shin, Sook-Chung
    • The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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    • v.20 no.1 s.26
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    • pp.28-38
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    • 2006
  • Since the radioactivity of U was discovered by Becquerel in 1896, a number of radiometric dating techniques based on radioactive decay have been developed with the help of precise and accurate instruments. Among them, radiocarbon dating was introduced as the most effective method in archeology in Korea. However, though the radiocarbon methods have contributed greatly to the development of archeology in Korea, it is limited to organics in a matrix of soil and sediment, including organic carbon, charcoal, bone and so on. If there are no organics in some paleolitic sites, other methods are required for dating. Therefore, we introduced OSL (Optically Stimulated Luminescence) dating method in this paper. The method is mainly based on quartz grains or other particles. The aim of this paper is to discuss about sampling method and the limitation of its application in archeology.

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Accelerator Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Research (가속기 질량 분광분석법을 이용한 환경 연구)

  • 문창범
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.421-428
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    • 2000
  • Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is presented for the applications to the environmental research. Traditionally the radiocarbon (14C) measurements have been made for the purpose of dating the archaeological and geological samples. 14C measurements using AMS however have become the more useful methods for the study of environmental science such as antropogenic modification of atmosphere and the determination of mixing ratios of fossil and biomass products. Such 14C AMS measurements have been extended to the discovery of new chemical tracers for investigations of sources of excessive contributions of CO2, CO, CH4 and other carbon-bearing molecules in the atmosphere.

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The age dating for an archaeological sample using pre-dose effect (Pre-dose effect를 이용한 고고학 시료의 연대측정)

  • Kim, Myung-Jin;Hong, Duk-Geun
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.329-337
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    • 2005
  • TL dating using pre-dose effect is concerned with the sensitivity increase of $110^{\circ}C$ TL peak in quartz following the pre-exposure of irradiation (pre-dose) in antiquity and heating to thermal activation temperature. Using the multiple activation (MA) method for determining an equivalent dose, the activation temperature was selected to $500^{\circ}C$ and the region of interest was selected from $85^{\circ}C$ to $105^{\circ}C$ on quartz sample from archaeological remains, roof-tile kiln. which was excavated at Chudong-Ri cultural site. It was concluded that the resultant date was determined to the age of $1725{\pm}25years$ AD (l ${\sigma}$ SD), which had more improved precision considering with e radiocarbon dates and was in good agreement with the age derived by archaeological assessment. Also it was concluded that the pre-dose dating should contribute significantly to future archaeological dating work in the range of the last 2000 years.

Optimization of Benzene Synthesis for Radicarbon Dating by Response Surface Method

  • 나경임;강형태;김승원;최상원;김윤섭;김순옥
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.18 no.7
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    • pp.703-706
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    • 1997
  • Response surface method was applied to the predicting optimum conditions of benzene synthesis for radiocarbon dating. The weight of carbon dioxide, the temperature of lithium container for producing acetylene and the activation temperature of catalyst which was used for the cyclization of acetylene to benzene were used as experimental factors. The yields of benzene synthesis were measured from twelve experiments which were carried out under various experimental conditions. The polynomial equation was obtained by using three experimental factors and yields. The validity of polynomial equation was confirmed by comparing the calculated yields with the experimental ones.

The Variation of Radiocarbon-14 Content in the Atmosphere

  • Kyung Rin Yang
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.370-377
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    • 1971
  • The Carbon-14 content in surface air at Seoul, Korea, was measured from February 1970 to August 1971 and a Larix Leptolepis, Gordon tree (Ip-Gal Namu) grown at Kwang-Nung, Kyunggi-Do, Korea, having 37 growth rings, was assayde for $^{14}C$. From the results of the surface air study, it was calculated that during the above period the inventory of excess $^{14}C$ in the atmosphere decreased with a half-time of 4.6 years. The overall yearly decrease was also checked. The tree-ring study showed that the tree's atmosphere was affected by $^{14}C$ from nuclear tests after 1956. In one study, atmospheric $CO^2$ samples were collected bi-monthly by the absorption of $CO^2$ in alkaline hydroxide solution. In the other, 5 year annual growth rings were assayed for radiocarbon. For the radioactivity measurement, carbon atoms in samples were converted to carbon atoms of benzene. The resulting benzene was taken as primary solvent for liquid scintillation counting.

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A Study on Benzene Synthesis for the Radiocarbon Dating (방사성탄소 연대측정을 위한 벤젠합성법 연구)

  • Kim, Nak Bae;Woo, Hyung Joo;Hong, Wan;Cho, Soo Young
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.25-31
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    • 1992
  • A benzene synthesizer was manufactured and has been used for the treatment of the various samples such as wood, charcoal, shell and soil for radiocarbon dating using liquid scintillation counter. The experimental conditions were optimized in each successive step of the synthesis of carbon dioxide, acetylene and the final product of benzene. Fifteen hours operation of the benzene synthesizer leads to product yields consistently in excess of 85% based on the content of calcium carbonate for the organic samples. Purity of the synthesized benzene was measured to be more than 99.9% by GC/MS.

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Sediment Trap Studies to Understand the Oceanic Carbon Cycling: Significance of Resuspended Sediments (퇴적물 트랩을 이용한 해양 탄소 순환 연구 동향: 재부유 퇴적물의 중요성)

  • KIM, MINKYOUNG
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.145-166
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    • 2021
  • For several decades, sediment traps have served as one of the key tools for constraining the biological carbon pump (BCP), a process that vertically exports particulate organic carbon (POC) and associated biogenic materials from marine primary production in surface waters to the deep ocean interior. In this paper, I introduced the general methods, the current status of global sediment trap studies, and importance of it to understand the deep ocean carbon cycling. Recent studies suggest that sinking POC in the deep ocean are more complex and spatio-temporally heterogeneous than we considered. Especially researches those studied resuspended and laterally transported particles are presented. Researches that used organic (radiocarbon; 14C) and inorganic (Al) tracers to understand the oceanic POC cycling and the significance of resuspended particles are reviewed, and the importance of radiocarbon study by using MICADAS (Mini radioCarbon Dating Systems) is emphasized.

Cosmogenic 10Be Depth Profile Dating of Strath Terrace Abandonment using Monte Carlo Simulation (몬테카를로 시뮬레이션을 이용한 하안단구 10Be 수직단면 연대측정)

  • Kim, Dong-Eun;Seong, Yeong Bae;Kim, Jong-Geun
    • Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.21-31
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    • 2019
  • Timing of terrace formation is a key information for understanding the evolution of fluvial systems. In particular, dating strath terrace (i.e. timing of terrace abandonment) is more difficult than depositional terrace that is conventionally constrained by radiocarbon, OSL and other dating methods targeting samples within terrace deposit. Surface exposure dating utilizing cosmogenic 10Be provides more reliability because it can be applied directly to the surface of a fluvial terrace. Thus, this method has been increasingly used for alluvial deposits. As well as other geomorphic surfaces over the last decades. Some inherent conditions, however, such as post-depositional 10Be concentration (i.e. inheritance), surface erosion rate, and density change challenge the application of cosmogenic 10Be to depositional terrace surface against simple bedrock surface. Here we present the first application of 10Be depth profile dating to a thin-gravel covered strath terrace in Korea. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) helped us in better constraining the timing of abandonment of the strath terrace, since which its surface stochastically denuded with time, causing unexpected change of 10Be production with depth. The age of the strath terrace estimated by MCS was 109 ka, ~4% older than the one (104 ka) calculated by simple depth profile dating, which yielded the best-fit surface erosion rate of 2.1 mm/ka. Our study demonstrates that the application of 10Be depth profile dating of strath terrace using MCS is more robust and reliable because it considers post-depositional change of initial conditions such as erosion rate.

The Development of Earthenware Kilns in Bongsan-ri Archaeological Site, Osong: Implications for Pre- and Post-1950 AD Absolute Age Determination (AD 1950년 전후 고고유적의 절대연대측정에 대한 고찰: 오송 봉산리 옹기가마 유적을 중심으로)

  • Kim, Myung Jin;Son, Myoung Soo;Kim, Tae Hong;Sung, Ki Seok
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.481-492
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    • 2018
  • We conducted TL/OSL dating for the earthenware kilns in the Bongsan-ri archaeological site, Osong, which was occupied from the late nineteenth to the late twentieth century. With the SAR-TL/OSL method, paleodose was determined from the equivalent dose during the burial period($ED_{burial}$), the background dose($ED_{BG}$), the fading correction factor(f), and the overestimation correction factor(C). The annual dose rates and their provenance were evaluated from the measurement of natural radionuclides $^{238}U$, $^{232}Th$, and $^{40}K$. Because the comprehensive absolute age was provided by combining the resulting TL/OSL and radiocarbon data, we concluded that, for the absolute chronology of a modern archaeological site, TL/OSL dating and radiocarbon dating must be carried out together and summed. The construction and occupation of earthenware kilns in the Bongsan-ri site had changed from stage I (No.5, 6 kilns), to stage II (No.1, 2, 3 kilns), to stage III (No.4) in chronological order. When Bayesian statistics were applied, we found that the absolute ages of occupation for stages I, II, and III correspond to AD $1910{\pm}23$, AD $1970{\pm}10$, and AD $1987{\pm}4$. These results were in good agreement with the archaeological context or chronology.