• 제목/요약/키워드: radioactive Co

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The Swiss Radioactive Waste Management Program - Brief History, Status, and Outlook

  • Vomvoris, S.;Claudel, A.;Blechschmidt, I.;Muller, H.R.
    • Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.9-27
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    • 2013

  • Nagra was established in 1972 by the Swiss nuclear power plant operators and the Federal Government to implement permanent and safe disposal of all types of radioactive waste generated in Switzerland. The Swiss Nuclear Energy Act specifies that these shall be disposed of in deep geological repositories. A number of different geological formations and sites have been investigated to date and an extended database of geological characteristics as well as data and state-of-the-art methodologies required for the evaluation of the long-term safety of repository systems have been developed. The research, development, and demonstration activities are further supported by the two underground research facilities operating in Switzerland, the Grimsel Test Site and the Mont Terri Project, along with very active collaboration of Nagra with national and international partners. A new site selection process was approved by the Federal Government in 2008 and is ongoing. This process is driven by the long-term safety and feasibility of the geological repositories and is based on a step-wise decision-making approach with a strong participatory component from the affected communities and regions. In this paper a brief history and the current status of the Swiss radioactive waste management program are presented and special characteristics that may be useful beyond the Swiss program are highlighted and discussed.

  • https://doi.org/10.7733/jnfcwt.2013.1.1.9 인용 PDF

Radioactive effluents released from Korean nuclear power plants and the resulting radiation doses to members of the public

  • Kong, Tae Young;Kim, Siyoung;Lee, Youngju;Son, Jung Kwon;Maeng, Sung Jun
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제49권8호
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    • pp.1772-1777
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    • 2017

  • Korean nuclear power plants (NPPs) periodically evaluate the radioactive gaseous and liquid effluents released from power reactors to protect the public from radiation exposure. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the release of radioactive effluents from Korean NPPs and the effects on the annual radiation doses to the public. The amounts of radioactive effluents released to the environment and the resulting radiation doses to members of the public living around NPPs were analyzed for the years 2011-2015 using the Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd's annual summary reports of the assessment of radiological impact on the environment. The results show that tritium was the primary contributor to the activity in both gaseous and liquid effluents. The averages of effective doses to the public were approximately on the order of $10^{-3}mSv$ or $10^{-2}mSv$. Therefore, even though Korean NPPs discharged some radioactive materials into the environment, all effluents were within the regulatory safety limits and the resulting doses were much less than the dose limits.

  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2017.07.021 인용 PDF KSCI