• 천문학회보
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.39.1-39.1
• /
• 2012

Nuclear rings in barred galaxies are sites of active star formation (SF). We investigate SF and its feedback effects occurring in barred galaxies, for the first time, using high-resolution grid-based hydrodynamic simulations. The gaseous medium is assumed to be infinitesimally thin, isothermal, and unmagnetized. The SF recipes include a density threshold corresponding to the Jeans condition, a SF efficiency of 1%, and momentum feedback via Type II supernova events together with stellar-wind mass loss. To investigate various environments, we vary the gas sound speed as well as the efficiency of momentum injection in the in-plane direction. We find that when the sound speed is small, the surface density of a ring becomes largely independent of the azimuthal angle, resulting in star-forming regions distributed over the whole length of the ring. When the sound speed is large, on the other hand, the ring achieves the largest density at the contact points between the dust lanes and the ring where SF occurs preferentially, leading to a clear age gradient of star clusters in the azimuthal direction. Since rings shrink with time, a radial age gradient of star clusters naturally develop regardless of sound speed, consistent with observations. SF persists over 200 Myr, with an average rate of ${\sim}1.3M_{\odot}/yr$ similar to observed values. Rings gradually become hostile to SF as they lose gas into stars and turbulent motions dominate.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.397-402
• /
• 2016

This study presents the performance characteristics of a small Francis turbine with an inline casing and is a continuation of a previous study. A new runner design has been implemented using the previous facility. The specific speed of the new runner has been modified from $N_s$ 80 to $N_s$ $100m-kW-min^{-1}$. This turbine can be installed in a city water supply system. To dissipate excess pressures in the water line system an inline-turbine can be used instead of an inline-pressure reducing valve. Thus, some of the energy can be recovered by utilizing the pressure difference. For best applicability and minimal space consumption, the turbine is designed with an inline casing instead of a common spiral casing. As a characteristic of inline casing, the flow accesses to the runner are in the radial direction, showing low efficiency. The installation of vanes improves the internal flow and positively affects the output power. In contrast to the previous study, the new runner reduces the effect of the stay vanes by maintaining a higher efficiency.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제30권11호
• /
• pp.1193-1201
• /
• 2013

Improved far field type(improved type) megasonic applicable to the cleaning equipment of single wafer processing type has been developed. In this study, to improve the uniformity of acoustic pressure distribution(APD), we utilize far field with relatively uniform APD, piezoelectric ceramic with a triangle hole in its center to prevent standing wave resulted from radial mode, and reflected wave from the wall of waveguide. On the basis of these methods, two analysis models of improved type were designed to which piezoelectric ceramic of different shape of electrode attached, and APD were analyzed by means of finite element method, and then one of them was selected by analysis results, finally, the selected model was fabricated. Test results show that the fabricated is better in the uniformity of APD than the imported and the conventional, also the fabricated shows high particle removal efficiency of 92.3% using DI water alone as a cleaning solution.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제38권10호
• /
• pp.1225-1231
• /
• 2014

This paper presents the performance characteristic of a Francis hydro turbine with an inline casing. This turbine is designed for city water supply system. Due to large changes in ground elevation with high points and low points, some systems may experience larger-than-normal required pressures in areas with low ground elevations. One way to dissipate these excess pressures is by the use of an inline-turbine instead of an inline-pressure reducing valve. For best applicability and minimal space consumption, the turbine is designed with an inline casing instead of the common spiral casing. As a characteristic of inline casing, the flow accesses to the runner in the radial direction, showing a low efficiency. The installation of vanes improves the internal flow and gives the positive encouragement to the output power. For the power transmission to the outside of the turbine casing from the runner axis, a belt passage is designed in the inline casing, as its influence, the region after the belt passage shows a relatively low output power. The clearance gap in the runner side space is considered, in which a small volume of flow is contracted into the clearance gap, forming the leakage flow. The leakage flow leads to a decrease in the efficiency.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.38-43
• /
• 2007

Pumps for a turbopump generally operate under high rotational speeds and large head rise conditions. Therefore, reliability is a prime design requirement. Floating-ring type seals are frequently employed in a turbopump because of robustness despite of low hydraulic efficiency. There are many researches on the floating-ring seal itself, but the effects of the floating ring seals on the performance of the whole pump are not widely studied in spite of their importance. In the present study, experimental and computational studies on the effects of the radial clearance of the floating ring seals on the performance of a pump were performed. The experimental results showed that the head rise and efficiency increased as the floating-ring seal clearance was decreased. The results also showed the possibility that the leakage flow which was injected to the inlet of the inducer could enhance the suction performance of the inducer by diminishing the size of the backflows.

• 전력전자학회논문지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2016

In this study, two types of switched reluctance motors (SRMs) with segmental rotors are presented in detail. The first is a 6/5 segmental rotor type, whereas the second is a 12/8 segmental rotor type. Both motor types have the same stator, rotor, and winding configurations. The stator is constructed with special stator poles, namely, exclusively designed exciting and auxiliary poles. The rotor is constructed from a series of discrete segments, each of which is embedded into the nonmagnetic isolator. The windings are only wound on the exciting poles, and no winding is wound on the auxiliary poles. Given these configurations, short flux paths and high flux-linkage utilization rate are achieved in the proposed motors, which may reduce the magnetomotive force requirement and increase the electrical utilization of a machine. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed motors, their characteristics, such as magnetic flux distribution, flux-linkage, torque, radial force, and efficiency, are analyzed and compared with those of a conventional 12/8 SRM. Meanwhile, two prototypes, one for each proposed segmental rotor type, are also designed and manufactured. Finally, the validity of the proposed motors is further verified by test results.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.7-17
• /
• 2008

Fan performances are obtained with various tip clearance gaps and stagger angles of the rotor. A tested fan is an axial-type fan of which the casing diameter is 806 mm. Two different rotors are applied to this test. One is designed on the basis of the free vortex method along the radial direction and the other is designed using the forced vortex method. The operating conditions are varied to the ultimate off-design point as well as the deign point. Overall efficiency, total pressure and input power are compared with the tip clearance gaps and different stagger angle. The experimental results show that changing of the stagger angle has minor influence to the performance when the same rotor is applied. When the tip clearance gap is less than 5% of the rotor span, the overall efficiency, total pressure loss and input power reduction are varied linearly with the variation of the tip clearance gaps. On the design point, the overall efficiency is decreased to the rate of 2.8-2.9 to the increasing of the tip clearance, but the changing rate of the overall efficiency is alleviated when the fan operates at off-design points. In particular, this rate is more quickly declined on a fan with the rotor designed using the forced vortex method. The result of the total pressure shows that the pressure reduction rate is a 0.08-0.1 according to the tip clearance, and additionally the input power reduction rate is a 0.045-0.065 at design point.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.1917-1926
• /
• 2018

In view of the current state of the reserves of electric energy generated resources and the share of electric motors in electricity consumption, many researches and studies related to efficiency in electric motors are being made. The presented work is related to the Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (AF-PMSM), which has recently undergone significant work based on the development of magnet and motor technology. In this study, a novel AF-PMSM was designed analytically through Finite Element Method (FEM) which can be started by connecting to a line such as an asynchronous motor in a transient state and can operate with high efficiency and power factor after synchronization in steady state without the need for an expensive motor drive. According to the obtained FEM results, a design with an efficiency class of IE4 of 5.5 kW shaft power, a 4 poles motor was obtained. As a result, economic calculations indicate that the extra cost of the designed Line start AF-PMSM with respect to the asynchronous motor is rapidly compensated by energy saving due to a more efficient operation, especially constant speed operations. As a result of the analysis obtained, the targeted values are reached. For induction motors and radial flux permanent magnet synchronous motors, a good alternative motor that can operate with high efficiency and power factor has been obtained.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.109-120
• /
• 2023

광해역의 표층 해수유동을 준 실시간으로 측정하는 장비인 해양 고주파 레이다(High Frequency Radar, HFR)는 특정 전파대역(HF)의 주파수를 해수면으로 발사하고 후방으로 산란된 전파를 분석하여 표층 유속 벡터를 측정한다(Crombie, 1955; Barrick, 1972). 본 연구에서 사용되는 Codar사의 Seasonde HF radar의 경우, 무지향성 안테나에서 송·수신한 전파의 브래그 피크(Bragg peak)의 강도와 다중신호분류(Mutiple Signal Classification, MUSIC) 알고리즘을 통하여 방사형 해류(Radial Vector)의 속도와 위치를 결정하게 된다. 이때 생산된 해류는 관측 전파 수신 환경의 특성이 고려되지 않은 이상적인 전파환경(Ideal Pattern)이 적용된 자료로써 이를 보정하기 위하여 안테나 패턴 측정(Antenna Pattern Measurement, APM)을 시행하여 보정된 방사해류장(Measured Radial Vector)을 계산하게 된다. APM의 관측원리는 안테나로부터 수신되는 각 위치별 신호 강도값을 측정하여 해류의 위치 및 위상 정보를 수정하는 것으로 일반적으로 선박에 안테나를 설치하여 실험을 진행한다. 하지만 선박을 활용할 시, 기상조건과 해양 상황 등 다양한 환경에 의해 최적의 APM 결과를 산출하기까지 많은 제약이 따른다. 따라서 APM 실험에 대하여 해상 상황에 대한 의존도를 낮추고 경제적인 효율성을 높이기 위하여 무인항공기인 드론을 이용한 APM 활용 가능성을 검토하였다. 본 연구에서는 전남 완도군 당사리 당사도등대에 설치된 고주파레이다를 활용하여 선박을 활용한 APM 실험과 드론을 활용한 APM 실험을 진행하였으며 선박과 드론으로 관측된 결과가 적용된 방사형 해류와 계류된 고정부이를 활용하여 그 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2018

This paper presents a semi-analytical solution of simply supported horizontally composite curved I-beam by trigonometric series. The flexibility of the interlayer connectors between layers both in the tangential direction and in the radial direction is taken into account in the proposed formulation. The governing differential equations and the boundary conditions are established by applying the variational approach, which are solved by applying the Fourier series expansion method. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed formulation are validated by comparing its results with both experimental results reported in the literature and FEM results.