• 제목/요약/키워드: quercus

검색결과 2,052건 처리시간 0.028초

부여군 부소산의 산림군락 구조 (Structure of Forest Community in Mt. Busosan, Buyeo-Gun)

  • 정용문;김동석;김광동;이상화;송호경
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.55-63
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    • 2006
  • This study was carried out to analyze community character and classify forest community with phytosociological method and quadrat method to forest of Mt. Busosan in Buyeo-Gun.1. Communities by phytosociological method were classified into Pinus densiflora community and Quercus sp. community. With the classification of TWINSPAN, the community was categorized into Pinus densiflora - Quercus variabilis community and Pinus densiflora - Styrax japonica community.2. The importance value of Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, Prunus sargentii, Styrax japonica, Quercus serrata, Quercus variabilis, Pinus rigida, Quercus aliena in tree layer were 83.20, 41.87, 30.93, 24.85, 23.27, 20.97, 20.28, and 9.46, respectively. The relative coverage of Stephanandra incisa, Quercus serrata, Styrax japonica, Parthenocissua tricuspidata, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Lindera obtusiloba, Prunus sargentii, Quercus variabilis, Indigofera kirilowii, Quercus acutissima, Lespedeza maximowiczii, and Acer pseudosibolianum in shrub layer were 9.62%, 9.55%, 9.18%, 7.85%, 6.18%, 5.25%, 4.82%, 4.15%, 3.98%, 3.98%, 3.55%, and 2.98%, respectively.3. According to size distribution map of diameter breast height of dominant species, the dominant species of Mt. Busosan was Pinus densiflora, and Quercus sp. such as Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, and Quercus serrata may compete with the Pinus densiflora in the future.4. According to the ordination analysis of Mt. Busosan forest, Pinus densiflora - Styrax japonica community was found in moist site and Pinus densiflora - Quercus variabilis community was found in dry site.

산불화재 감식을 위한 연소생성물의 응용에 관한 연구 (A Study on Application of Combustion Products for Forest Fire Investigation)

  • 박영주;이해평
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.111-119
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    • 2011
  • This study was designed to provide basic data applicable to fire investigation through consideration of combustion products and propose vulnerability of combustibles through analysis of $CO_2$ emission. In order to achieve these research objectives, characteristics of combustion products such as smoke release rate of each part(raw leaves, branches and barks), $CO_2$ emission and ash production were considered targeting on 6 oak species(Quercus variabilis Blume, Quercus aliena Blume, Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica Fisch, Quercus dentata Sapling and Quercus acutissima) using cone calorimeter and smoke density tester. As a result, it was found that raw leaves release smoke more relatively than branches and barks, when they burn, and that Quercus variabilis Blume has the highest smoke density. Also, Quercus acutissima released CO and $CO_2$ which are respectively, 6.67 times and 1.43 times more than Quercus variabilis Blume with low $CO_2$ emission. In addition, branches released CO and $CO_2$ more relatively. There was a big difference in ash production among raw leaves(3.1 g), branches(10.5 g) and barks(16.43 g). It was identified that Quercus serrata produces ashes which are nearly 9.95 times more than Quercus variabilis Blume. It demonstrates that Quercus serrata contains relatively higher minerals and that Quercus variabilis Blume can leave lots of traces like stain and carbonization, as it releases smoke a lot and it's difficult to predict visibility, when a forest fire breaks out in its community area. It is also considered that smoke particles containing oil in the air leave strain on the surface of a tree, and that CO and $CO_2$ emission increases, when crown fire to burn branches breaks out.

완도지역 붉가시나무림, 상수리나무림, 리기다소나무림의 구조와 동태 (Structure and Dynamics of Quercus acuta, Quercus acutissima and Pinus rigida Forests in Wando Island)

  • 박인협
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.406-411
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    • 2012
  • 완도지역의 대표적인 상록활엽수림인 붉가시나무림, 낙엽성 참나무류림인 상수리나무림, 인공림인 약 30년생 리기다소나무림 등 3개 유형 임상의 구조 및 동태를 파악하기 위하여 임상별로 10개 조사구를 설정하여 산림개황, 중요치, 종다양성, 직경분포 등을 조사분석하였다. 붉가시나무림, 상수리나무림, 리기다소나무림의 교목층 밀도는 각각 2,250본/ha, 760본/ha, 1,560본/ha이었으며, 평균흉고직경은 각각 12.1cm, 14.3cm, 14.1cm이었다. 교목층과 아교목층 흉고단면적의 합은 붉가시나무림이 $37.1m^2/ha$, 상수리나무림이 $19.0m^2/ha$, 리기다소나무림이 $29.2m^2/ha$이었다. 중요치를 분석한 결과 동백나무는 붉가시나무림, 상수리나무림, 리기다소나무림의 아교목층과 관목층에서 모두 제1의 우점종이었다. 임분 전체의 종다양도는 붉가시나무림이 0.814, 상수리나무림이 0.956, 리기다소나무림이 0.866이었다. 붉가시나무림의 임분 전체 종다양도가 비교적 낮은 것은 출현종수는 비슷하였으나 균재도가 낮기 때문이었다. 붉가시나무림은 붉가시나무-동백나무 복층림이 지속될 것으로 추정되었다. 상수리나무림은 동백나무 우점군집으로 천이가 진행될 것으로 추정되었으며, 리기다소나무림은 붉가시나무-동백나무 복층림으로 천이가 진행될 것으로 추정되었다.

신갈나무림의 군집별 토양특성 (Soil Properties in Quercus mongolica Communities)

  • 박관수;장규관
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.236-241
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    • 1998
  • 본 연구는 한반도 냉온대 낙엽수림을 특징짓는 신갈나무림에 대한 군집별 토양특성의 차이를 조사하기 위해 실시되었다. 본 연구에서 식생조사 및 토양조사는 1991년 4월부터 1994년 10월까지 오대산과 중왕산 전역에서 신갈나무가 우점하는 임분을 대상으로 실시하였다. 조사지역내의 신갈나무 우점림을 Braun-Blanquet 법으로 분석한 결과, 조사지역은 신갈나무-분비나무, 신갈나무-당단풍, 신갈나무-생강나무, 신갈나무-복장나무, 그리고 신갈나무-까치박달나무의 5개 군집으로 구분되었다. 신갈나무-분비나무군집은 A층의 토심이 약 5cm로서 다른 군집에 비해서 가장 얕게 발달되어 있었으며 식물뿌리는 주로 토심 l0cm까지 발달되어 있었고 건조한 토양수분 상태를 유지하고 있었다. 신갈나무-당단풍군집과 신갈나무-생강나무군집은 매우 유사한 토양의 형태학적인 특성을 가지고 있었으며 A층의 토심이 약 20cm였다. 식물뿌리는 주로 토심 20cm까지 발달되어 있고 약간 건조한 토양수분 상태를 유지하고 있었다. 신갈나무-복장나무군집과 신갈나무-까치박달나무군집의 두 군집 또한 유사한 토양특성을 보여주었는데 A층의 토심은 약 35cm로서 다른 군집에 비해 가장 깊은 A층을 유지하고 있었다. 식물뿌리는 주로 토심 40cm이상까지 발달되어 있었고 비교적 습윤한 토양수분 상태를 유지하고 있었다. 신갈나무-복장나무군집 그리고 신갈나무-까치박달나무군집은 0~100m 그리고 10~20cm의 토양깊이에서 가장 많은 유기물. 전질소, 치환성 Ca. Mg. 그리고 K 함량과 CEC를 가지고 있었으며, 신갈나무-분비나무군집에서 가장 적은 유기물, 전질소, 그리고 CEC를 가지고 있었다. 본 연구 결과 신갈나무림의 군집별 토양특성은 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과는 존재하는 식생들에 의한 차이보다는 우선적으로 군집간 주요 분포지의 입지조건이 다르기 때문으로 사료된다.

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병원성 식중독 미생물에 대한 참나무과 식물 부위별 에탄올 추출물의 항균효과 (Antimicrobial Effect of Ethanol Extracts of Quercus spp. against Foodborne Pathogens)

  • 윤재원;유미영;박부길;이명구;오덕환
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.463-468
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    • 2004
  • 병원성 식중독 미생물에 대한 참나무류 6종의 부위 별 항균력을 검색한 결과, 참나무류 부위별 에탄올 추출물의 항균력은 그람양성 세균과 음성 세균에 대해 높은 항균 활성을 나타내었으며, 그람음성균인 E. coli 0157:H7이나 S. typhimurium보다 그람양성균인 B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus균에 대하여 더 강한 항균력을 나타내었다. 반면에, 효모와 곰팡이에 대해서는 항균력을 나타내지 않았다. 수종별 항균 활성은 갈참, 떡갈 신갈나무 에탄올 추출물이 졸참, 상수리, 굴참나무 에탄올 추출물보다 더 강하였으며, 부위별로는 잎이 가장 높은 항균활성을 나타내었고 수피와 목질부는 유사한 항균력을 나타내었다. 6종의 부위별 참나무수종 중에서 갈참나무 잎 에탄올 추출물이 가장 강한 항균력을 나타내었으며, B. cereus ATCC 9634와 L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111에서는 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL에서, E. coli O157:H7는 1 mg/mL의 농도에서 생육저해효과를 나타내었다.

오대산국립공원 소금강 계곡부 식물군집구조 (Plant Community Structure of the Soguemgang Valley in Odaesan National Park)

  • 강성칠;한봉호;박석철;최진우
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.29-44
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    • 2016
  • This study was carried out to the structure of plant community, and ecological succession sere of forest ecosystem in Soguemgang Valley, Odaesan National Park. Fifteenth plots(size is $20m{\times}20m$) were set up and the results analyzed by DCA which is one of the ordination technique showed that the plant communities were divided into seven groups which area community I(Quercus variabilis-Pinus densiflora community), II(Pinus densiflora community), III(Pinus densiflora-Quercus variabilis community), IV(Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata community), V(Quercus serrata community), VI(Pinus densiflora-Deciduous broad-leaved plant community), VII(Cornus controversa-Carpinus laxiflora community). Shannon diversity index per $400m^2$ was to 0.7777 to 1.1440 and the age of Pinus densiflora 86 years old, Quercus variabilis was ranged from 66 to 87 years old, Quercus serrata was ranged from 51 to 62 years old, Carpinus laxiflora was 94 years old. In 2013, the succession trend was predicted Pinus densiflora${\rightarrow}$Quercus variabilis, Quercus serrata ${\rightarrow}$Cornus controversa, Carpinus laxiflora. The ecological sucession progress has declined power of the Pinus densiflora and the increased power of the deciduous broad-leaved and Quercus spp. in Soguemgang Valley, Odaesan National Park. Quercus serrata and Quercus variabilis communities that judged Pinus densiflora were progressing by direction of landform. The southern slopes vegetation were progressing for Quercus variabilis, the northern slopes vegetation were progressing for Quercus serrata. In flat Valley, mainly native species of Cornus controversa, Carpinus laxiflora are predicted ecological succession for deciduous broad-leaved tree community.

모후산 삼림식생과 토양환경 (Forest Vegetation and Soil Environment on Mt. Mohu)

  • Lee, Ho-Joon;Kang, Jae-gu;Chun, Young-Moon;Kim, Jong-Hong;Bae, Byung-Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.367-383
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    • 1995
  • The relationship between floristic composition and soil environmental factors was investigated in the forest vegetation of Mt. Mohu.The forest vegetation unit of the Mt. Mohu could be divided into three communities, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community and Quercus variabilis community. There were two subcommunities in Quercus mongolica community, which were Rhododendron schlippcubachii subcommunity and Stephanandra incisa subcommunity. The Quercus mongolica community was distributed at the altitude of 600~900 m, Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis communities were distributed on south-west slope at the altitudes of 430~520 m and 400~500 m, respectively.The DBH class of dominant species in each community showed that Quercus mongolica had 9 individuals/a at 11~15 cm class, Quercus variabilis 5.6 individuals/a at 11~15 cm class, and Pinus densiflora 8 individuals/a at 16~20 cm class. Quercus mongolica. Quercus variabilis and Pinus densiflora communities showed a bell-shape distribution.The contents of organic matter and soil water, and cation exchange capacity of the soil increased and the pH decreased in proportion to increased altitude. The soil environmental conditions of Quercus mongolica community were more favorable than those of Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis communities.The supposed successional sere of the forest vegetation of Mt. Mohu was as follows: Pinus densiflora community.Quercus variabilis community.Quercus mongolica community

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The Forest Vegetation of Mt. Jangan County Park in Jangsu-Gun, Jeonlabuk-Do, Korea

  • Kim, Chang-Hwan;Ahn, Deug-Soo
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.439-444
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    • 2000
  • Forest vegetation in Mt. Jangan County Park, Jeonlabuk-Do, Korea, was investigated by classification and ordination methods. By the cluster analysis (classification) method, nine groups were recognized as follows : Quercus serrata community, Quercus serrata- Carpinus laxiflora community, Cornus controversa community, Fraxinus mandshurica community, Carpinus laxiflora community, Quereus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica - Sasa borealis community. Quercus mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community and Quercus mongolica - Rhododendron schlippenbachii community. These groups showed differences in species composition and environmental characteristics, but Quercus mongolica - Sasa borealis community, Quercus mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community and Quercus mongolica - Rhododendron schlippenbachii community among them showed very similar floristic composition to each other. The interrelationship between the floristic composition of the vegetation and environmental factors was analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). Quercus mongolica community was distributed at a high altitude (900~1200 m above sea level). Fraxinus mandshurica community and Cornus controversa community were differentiated from the other communities with high contents of soil moisture and pH. On the other hand, Carpinus laxiflora community and Quercus variabilis community were distributed at places with adequate levels of soil moisture, soil organic matter. and at low altitude. In this study, the altitude and soil moisture were the main factors determining the forest vegetation. They were strongly correlated with the dominant compositional gradient at the localities examined.

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Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA)에 의한 덕유산 국립공원의 삼림식생분석 (Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA) on the Forest Vegetation of Mt. Togyu National Park, Korea)

  • 김창환;길봉섭
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 1997
  • A study of forest vegetation in Mt. $T\v{o}kyu$ National Park was investigated by ordination technique. By TWINSPAN(Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis) method, 10 groups were recognized as follows: pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis, Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Quercus mongolica-Abies koreana, Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudo-sieboldi-amum, Quercus mongolica-Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa, Carpinus laxiflora, Fraxinus mandshurica and Taxus cuspidata groups. The floristic composition of these groups showed high correlation to soil moisture(r=0.831), altitude(r=0.784), topography(r=-0.722), organic matter(r=0.642), and pH(r=-0.509) among various environmental factors. According to the results of CCA(Canonical Correspondence Analysis) Pinus densiflora group and Quercus variabilis group were situated in a xeric area at a lower altitude where soil nutrients were poor compared with the other groups. Fraxinus mandshurica group was distributed throughout the valley with high soil moisture and good nutrients, Quercus serrata group and Carpinus laxiflora group were found in the low altitude region with good nutrients, Quercus mongolica group, at the high altitude region with good nutrients, and Quercus mongolica-Acer koreana and Taxus cuspidata at higher altitudes(1, 400-1600 m).

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안성시 상수리나무림의 식물사회학적 특성 (Phytosociological Characteristics of Quercus acutissima Forest in Anseong City)

  • 김성열;문건수;박준성;최재용
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2022
  • The objective of this study is to find out phytosociological characteristics of Quercus acutissima dominant forest in Anseong city. A total of 39 phytosociological relevés were sampled. 4 syntaxa were classified to use the Z.-M. School's methodology. Species compositions in which this study adopted were Oplismenus undulatifolius-Quercus acutissima community(typicum subcommunity, phytolacca americana subcommunity), Quercus acutissima community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus acutissima community. All syntaxa were distributed in a high proportion of synanthropophyte where lower-slopes with low elevations and inclinations. Oplismenus undulatifolius-Quercus acutissima community was mainly distributed in the west side of Anseong city where high intensity and frequency of human impacts was experienced. While in the east where most of the areas are covered mountains, Quercus acutissima community and Pinus densiflora-Quercus acutissima community were distributed. As a results, phytolacca americana subcommunity belong to Oplismenus undulatifolius-Quercus acutissima community is sytaxon that reflects change in species composition of Quercus acutissma dominant forest due to the continuous landuse changes in Anseong city.