• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.135-149
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• 2000

병렬 프로그램 테스팅을 위한 기존의 연구는 대부분 프로그램 수행 중에 얻어진 이벤트 트레이스를 바탕으로 재수행성을 보장하는데 중점을 두고 있다. 반면에 개발과정에서 만들어진 요구 명세로부터 테스트 케이스를 생성하는 방법에 대한 연구는 빈약한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 통신 소프트웨어 개발분야에서 광범위하게 사용되는 메시지 순차도(MSC)로 작성된 명세로부터 병렬 프로그램의 모듈 테스팅을 위한 테스트 케이스를 자동으로 생성하는 방법을 제안하고 생성된 테스트 케이스를 이용하여 실제 테스팅을 수행할 수 있는 환경을 개발하였다. 명세로부터 테스트 케이스를 자동으로 생성하기 위해서는 명세 내에 묵시적으로 포함되어 있는 이벤트들과 그들 간의 선후 관계를 파악해야 하는데 이를 위해서 본 연구에서는 논리시간벡터를 MSC 명세에 적용하기 위한 방법을 제안하여 이벤트간의 선후 관계인 이벤트 시퀀스를 추출하고 이를 테스트 케이스로 사용한다. 생성된 테스트 케이스는 TTCN 형태로 기술되고 이는 다시 CHILL 소스 코드 형태로 변환되어 테스트 대상이 되는 모듈과 상호 동작하면서 테스팅 대상 모듈의 동작이 기술된 요구 명세의 내용과 합치하는 지를 검사한다. 본 연구에서 개발한 테스팅 방법은 통신소프트웨어 개발 과정에서 산출된 MSC 명세로부터 테스트 케이스를 추출함으로써 테스팅을 위해 별도의 명세를 작성할 필요가 없다. 또한, 논리 시간 벡터를 적용하여 이벤트 시퀀스를 자동 생성할 뿐만 아니라 생성된 이벤트 시퀀스는 시스템 전체의 이벤트 시퀀스로써 독자적인 테스팅 방법으로 사용될 수 있다. TNF-$\alpha$ and NO. These findings suggest that compounds 6 and 11 are modulating various elements of the host immune response.%로서, carbofuran 단독투여와 carbofuran과 PB 또는 3-MC 투여사이에 대사산물의 종류는 같았으나 생성율에는 큰 차이가 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 쥐에 carbofuran 투여 후 PB나 3-MC를 투여함으로써 carbofuran의 대사가 빠르게 이루어지고, 주 대사산물 중3-hydroxycarbofuran보다 독성 이 낮은 3-ketocarbofuran으로의 대사가 빠르게 이루어지기 때문에 carbofuran의 독성이 경감되어 쥐가 생존할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.시장젓갈${\lrcorner}$에는 글루타민산, leucine, alanine, lysine의 4종류, ${\ulcorner}$반찬젓갈${\lrcorner}$에는 글루타민산, leucine, alanine의 3종류, ${\ulcorner}$일본병조림젓갈${\lrcorner}$은 글루타민산이 현저하게 많다.회하였다.ollowed fro all Sullungtang samples from Hanwoo. The results showed that the overall quality of Sullungtang significantly decreased

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2022

The main purpose of the work is to analyze modern innovative educational practices in the field of culture and art and their effectiveness in the context of the spread of digitalization trends. The study used general scientific theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparative, induction, deduction, reductionism, and a number of others, allowing you to fully understand the pattern of modern modernization processes in a long historical development and demonstrate how the rejection of the negativity of progress allows talented artists to realize their own potential. The study established the advantages and disadvantages of involving innovative technologies in the educational process on the example of European experience and outlined possible ways of implementing digitalization processes in Ukrainian institutions of higher education, formulated the main difficulties encountered by teachers and students in the use of technological innovation in the pandemic. The rapid development of digital technologies has had a great impact on the sphere of culture and art, both visual, scenic, and musical in all processes: creation, reproduction, perception, learning, etc. In the field of art education, there is a synthesis of creative practices with digital technologies. In terms of music education, these processes at the present stage are provided with digital tools of specially developed software (music programs for composition and typing of musical text, recording, and correction of sound, for quality listening to the whole work or its fragments) for training programs used in institutional education and non-institutional learning as a means of independent mastering of the theory and practice of music-making, as well as other programs and technical tools without which contemporary art cannot be imagined. In modern stage education, the involvement of video technologies, means of remote communication, allowing realtime adjustment of the educational process, is actualized. In the sphere of fine arts, there is a transformation of communicative forms of interaction between the teacher and students, which in the conditions of the pandemic are of two-way communication with the help of information and communication technologies. At this stage, there is an intensification of transformation processes in the educational industry in the areas of culture and art.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.809-815
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• 2023

This study was conducted to find out the correlation between meat quality and muscle fat ratio in pork part meat (pork belly and shoulder butt) using CT (computed tomography) imaging technique. After 24 hours from slaughter, pork loin and belly were individually prepared from the left semiconductors of 26 pigs for CT measurement. The image obtained from CT scans was checked through the picture archiving and communications system (PACS). The volume of muscle and fat in the pork belly and shoulder butt of cross-sectional images taken by CT was estimated using Vitrea workstation version 7. This assemblage was further processed through Vitrea post-processing software to automatically calculate the volumes (Fig. 1). The volumes were measured in milliliters (mL). In addition to volume calculation, a three-dimensional reconstruction of the organ under consideration was generated. Pearson's correlation coefficient was analyzed to evaluate the relationship by region (pork belly, pork shoulder butt), and statistical processing was performed using GraphPad Prism 8. The muscle-fat ratios of pork belly taken by CT was 1 : 0.86, while that of pork shoulder butt was 1 : 0.37. As a result of CT analysis of the correlation coefficient between pork belly and shoulder butt compared to the muscle-fat ratio, the correlation coefficient was 0.5679 (R² = 0.3295, p < 0.01). CT imaging provided very good estimates of muscle contents in cuts and in the whole carcass.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.46-50
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• 2012

Background : The purpose of our study was to analyze scientific papers published by South Korean plastic surgeons in journals included in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE), and to evaluate the publication and research activities of Korean plastic surgeon. Methods : We conducted a survey of SCIE papers in the field of plastic surgery published by South Korean authors between 2001 and 2010 using Web of Science software. We further analyzed these results according to the number of publications per year, journals, institution, and type of papers. We also compared the total number of citations to published scientific papers. We analyzed the rank of South Korea among other countries in representative journals. Results : Overall, 667 papers were published by South Korean authors between 2001 and 2010. The number of publications increased dramatically from 2003 (n=31) to 2010 (n=139). Subsequently, the ten most productive Korean medical colleges were identified. All published papers received 2,311 citations and the citation to paper ratio was 3.49. The rank of Korea among other countries in terms of the number of published papers remained in the top 10 during the recent 10 years. Conclusions : Publication output of Korean plastic surgeon over the last 10 years showed a remarkable growth in terms of quantity and quality. Currently, Korea is among the top six countries in representative plastic surgery journals. Korean plastic surgeons have played a central role in this progress, and it is anticipated that they will continue to do so in the future.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.531-554
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• 2006

Oral implants must fulfill certain criteria arising from special demands of function, which include biocompatibility, adequate mechanical strength, optimum soft and hard tissue integration, and transmission of functional forces to bone within physiological limits. And one of the critical elements influencing the long-term uncompromise functioning of oral implants is load distribution at the implant- bone interface, Factors that affect the load transfer at the bone-implant interface include the type of loading, material properties of the implant and prosthesis, implant geometry, surface structure, quality and quantity of the surrounding bone, and nature of the bone-implant interface. To understand the biomechanical behavior of dental implants, validation of stress and strain measurements is required. The finite element analysis (FEA) has been applied to the dental implant field to predict stress distribution patterns in the implant-bone interface by comparison of various implant designs. This method offers the advantage of solving complex structural problems by dividing them into smaller and simpler interrelated sections by using mathematical techniques. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stresses induced around the implants in bone using FEA, A 3D FEA computer software (SOLIDWORKS 2004, DASSO SYSTEM, France) was used for the analysis of clinical simulations. Two types (external and internal) of implants of 4.1 mm diameter, 12.0 mm length were buried in 4 types of bone modeled. Vertical and oblique forces of lOON were applied on the center of the abutment, and the values of von Mises equivalent stress at the implant-bone interface were computed. The results showed that von Mises stresses at the marginal. bone were higher under oblique load than under vertical load, and the stresses were higher at the lingual marginal bone than at the buccal marginal bone under oblique load. Under vertical and oblique load, the stress in type I, II, III bone was found to be the highest at the marginal bone and the lowest at the bone around apical portions of implant. Higher stresses occurred at the top of the crestal region and lower stresses occurred near the tip of the implant with greater thickness of the cortical shell while high stresses surrounded the fixture apex for type N. The stresses in the crestal region were higher in Model 2 than in Model 1, the stresses near the tip of the implant were higher in Model 1 than Model 2, and Model 2 showed more effective stress distribution than Model.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2024

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between meat quality and muscle-to-fat ratio in specific cuts of pork (pork belly and Boston butt) utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Twenty-eight pigs were selected, and 24 hours post-slaughter, pork belly and Boston butt samples were individually extracted from the left half carcass for MRI assessment. The MRI scans were reviewed using the Picture Archiving and Communications System. Muscle and fat volumes in the pork belly and Boston butt from the cross-sectional images captured by MRI were estimated using Vitrea workstation version 7. Subsequently, these data were processed using Vitrea post-processing software to automatically determine the volumes, measured in milliliters (mL). Additionally, a three-dimensional reconstruction of the organ being studied was generated. The relationship between regions (pork belly and Boston butt) was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, and statistical analysis was conducted using Graph Pad Prism 8. The muscle-to-fat ratio determined by MRI for pork belly was 1 : 0.64, whereas for Boston butt it was 1 : 0.35. Results of comparing the muscle-fat ratio, the correlation coefficient between pork belly and Boston butt was found to be 0.6127 (R² = 0.3754, p < 0.001) based on MRI analysis. As a result of measuring the muscle-to-fat ratio using MRI as a non-destructive approach, there was a positive correlation between the muscle-to-fat ratios of pork belly and Boston butt.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of the C-shaped canal of permanent mandibular second molar (PMSM) in Korean sub-population using Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) data and analyze the types of C-shaped canal. Materials & Methods: The protocol for this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Pusan National University Hospital (E-2011039). Among the CBCT images taken of patients who visited the St. Bennedict Dental Hospital (Busan, Korea) from May 2008 to April 2011 for implant surgery and surgical removal of impacted teeth, high-quality CBCTs from 705 patients (361 male and 342 female) were screened and 607 PMSMs of 383 patients were evaluated retrospectively. All PMSMs were anatomically analyzed in detail by using image viewer software (EasyDent; Vatech). PMSMs were evaluated in the axial plane to investigate the shape of root and canals. The C-shaped canals were classified into five types. The total incidence, gender ratio, bilateral and unilateral appearance. and the correlation between right-side and left-side occurrences of C-shaped PMSMs were computed and compared statistically using the chi-square test. Results: Among the 607 PMSMs of 383 CBCTs of 187 females and 196 males, 198 PMSMs(32.6%) had C-shaped root and 158 PMSMs(26.0%) had C-shaped canals. The shape of C-shaped root canals at the furcalion level did not have significant change at the level of mid root (P<0.0001). Female had more prevalence of C-shaped root canals than male (P<0.0001). The prevalence of bilateral occurrence of C-shaped root canals was higher than unilateral occurrence. Conclusions: The occurrence of C-shaped PMSMs among a Korean population was 32.6% and was higher than other countries and ethnicities. Understanding the prevalence of PMSMs with a C-shaped root and/or canal in a Korean population may be useful for successful endodontic treatments.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.169-184
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• 2016

Objectives: To investigate the neurophysiological effect of acupuncture treatment on insomnia patients using quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) and standardized Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography method (sLORETA).Background: Insomnia is one of the commonly encountered symptoms in primary medical care. Recent studies of acupuncture for insomnia reported that the acupuncture groups showed significant improvements compared with the control groups. However, the neurophysiological mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia has not been revealed and a few studies have measured the effect of acupuncture treatment using QEEG.Methods: Participants who had some problems in initiating or maintaining sleep, or had non-restorative sleep for more than 3 days a week and ISI scores above 8 and below 21 were treated by acupuncture for 2 weeks (3 times a week, total 6 times). We assessed the effectiveness of acupuncture for insomnia by the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) at baseline and at 2 weeks after the end of treatment (4th week). Also, we performed EEG and analysed the EEG data at baseline and at the end of treatment (2nd week) on the linked ears montage using the Neuroguide software program and sLORETA.Results: Thirty-two participants were enrolled and 2 participants dropped out because of personal reasons. Among the 30 participants, EEGs of 12 participants were included in the analysis of QEEG and sLORETA. Total score on the ISI and PSQI was significantly decreased after acupuncture treatment. The number of electrodes exceeding the range of 90% (±1.65) or 95% (±1.96) in the z scored absolute power of beta was significantly decreased after acupuncture treatment. There was no significant change in brain activation between pre- and post-acupuncture using sLORETA.Conclusions: The deviation of absolute power compared to the normative database was significantly decreased after acupuncture treatment in the alpha and beta ranges. Therefore, we suggest that acupuncture treatment for insomnia might be effective through the central nervous system especially in the brain. There are many limitations to drawing any conclusion. Further studies are needed in the future to overcome these limitations.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2013

Background Pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps typically sacrifice the entire muscle. In our experience, the lateral strip of the rectus abdominis muscle can be spared in an attempt to maintain function and reduce morbidity. When the intercostal nerves are injured, muscle atrophy appears with time. The severed intercostal nerve was reinserted into the remnant lateral strip of the rectus abdominis muscle to reduce muscle atrophy. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed 9 neurotized cases and 10 non-neurotized cases. Abdominal computed tomography was performed to determine the area of the rectus muscles. Electromyography (EMG) was performed to check contractile function of the remnant muscle. A single investigator measured the mean areas of randomly selected locations (second lumbar spine) using ImageJ software in a series of 10 cross-sectional slices. We compared the Hounsfield unit (HU) pre- and postoperatively to evaluate regeneration quality. Results In the neurotization group, 7 of 9 cases maintained the mass of remnant muscle. However, in the non-neurotization group, 8 of 10 lost their mass. The number of totally atrophied muscles in each of the two groups was significantly different (P=0.027). All of the remnant muscles showed contractile function on EMG. The 9 remaining remnant rectus abdominis muscles showed declined the HU value after surgery but also within a normal range of muscle. Conclusions Neurotization was found to be effective in maintaining the mass of remnant muscle. Neurotized remnant muscle had contractile function on EMG and no fatty degeneration by HU value.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2004년도 정기총회 및 제6최 특별 심포지움
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• pp.157-179
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• 2004

The application of magnetic method for archaeoprospection has been carried out through two archaeological areas in Egypt, Abydos and Abu Sir, In order to find out tile ancient Egyptian archaeological features. The magnetic work at the selected archaeological site of Abydos area was carried out by gradiometer survey, while magnetic work at the selected archaeological site of Abu Sir area was carried out by gradiometer survey and magnetic susceptibility measurements. A gradiometer survey with raster of 0.5 m/0.5 m has been carried out on a surface area of $9600 m^2$ at Abydos area to relocate the buried Solar Boats. The magnetic data were processed using Geoplot software to treat the field noises and enhance the quality of the obtained images. The final magnetic images indicate the existence of 12 Solar Boats as well as tombs, remains of ancient rooms and walls. All of them are expected to belong to the Middle Kingdom, particularly from the 18th to 20th Dynasties. Two magnetic tools have been applied over a selected site of $25600 m^2$ at Abu Sir area in order to detect the hidden archaeological features nearby the Sun Temple. The acquisition of the magnetic data was initiated by the measurements of the topsoil magnetic susceptibility of 272 samples collected from the whole studied area, and then followed by the gradiometer survey to measure tile vertical gradient of the geomagnetic field over an area of $14400 m^2$. The magnetic susceptibility results show the presence of high concentration at the middle part of the study area with a little extension to the south western side, with maximum value of about $36{\times}10^5$ SI. They may indicate the proximity of ritual monuments. Also, they offered the site of interest for carrying out a gradiometer survey. The gradiometer results show tile existence of numerous distributed archaeological features made of mud-bricks with different shapes and sizes. They may indicate tombs, burial rooms, dissected walls; all of them are expected to belong to the 5th Dynasty of pharaohs, who used to build their buildings by mud bricks. The depth of the expected buried archaeological features has been estimated from tihe gradiometer. It is around 1.2m for deep features and 0.42 m for shallow features.