• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.spc
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• pp.57-61
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• 2009

To clarify the impact of the rice-duck farming system on the regional environment and the surrounding, a case study was carried out at Hongdong Reservoir valley of Hongdong-myeon and Janggok-myeon, Hongseong-gun, Chungcheongnam-do where the density of livestock grazing is the highest and rice cultivation with the rice-duck farming system is extensively practiced. The soil characteristics and water qualities at paddy fields were compared between two rice cultivation methods of rice-duck farming system and conventional farming system. The organic matters and available phosphate contents in soil of paddy fields where the rice-duck farming system was practiced were higher than those of paddy fields where conventional farming system was practiced. However, the available phosphate content was lower than the optimum for rice cultivation and the mean concentration of paddy soil in Korea. The surface water quality of the paddy field with the rice-duck farming system was practiced had higher EC (137 %), $COD_{Cr}$ (220 %), T-N (172 %), and T-P (226 %) contents than that with the conventional farming system was practiced. Especially, $COD_{Cr}$ and T-P were more than 2 times higher, which tells that the possibility of water pollution by drainage water of paddy field is higher in the paddy fields with the rice-duck farming system practiced than in those with the conventional farming practiced. The higher contents of T-P and $COD_{Cr}$ in surface water at the paddy field of rice-duck farming system practiced were directly caused by soil particles in the muddy water. Consequently, it is necessary to thoroughly manage the irrigation and drainage system of rice-duck farming system practiced to prevent outflow of surface water from paddy and pollution of surrounding water system.

• Trans-
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• v.9
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• pp.17-36
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• 2020

This study is aimed at discussing the possibility of content production, utilization and expansion, focusing on the exhibition case of Danwon Art Museum run by Ansan Cultural Foundation. In 1991, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism named Ansan as the City of Danwon since it is believed to be the hometown of Danwon Kim Hong-do (1745~?), a painter of the late Joseon Dynasty and a well-known master of genre painting. As a result, Ansan is making various efforts to utilize Danwon Kim Hong-do for its unique resource through internal and external business such as the creation of Danwon Sculpture Park, the operation of Danwon Art Museum, and the planning of Danwon Kim Hong-do Festival. However, the biggest problem with Ansan is that there are not many collections of Kim Hong-do. Ansan has owned a total of six works as of May this year: a deer and a boy, flowers and a bird, A view of clouds on the water, Daegwallyeong, Yeodongbin, A way to Singwangsa. Accordingly, Danwon Contents Center has set up a vision to systematically collect, preserve, and display various visual and artistic materials related to Kim Hong-do, offering high-quality information based on digital data. In other words, it is a complex cultural information agency of One-Source Multi-Use, which combines the functions of libraries, archives and art galleries so that visitors' desire is satisfied. It reflects the contemporary trend of overcoming the limitations of the ancient paintings and satisfying the role and function of the art museum. From the opening of the Danwon Contents Hall, the original work of Kim Hong-do has been interpreted and produced as media contents or recreated as a new form of art by modern artists. Exhibition using technologies such as touch screen and 'deep zoom' helps visitors to heighten their experience of the archives and get inside the world of the genius painter.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.367-376
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• 2021

Strawberry cultivation in Korea is grown in greenhouse, but most farms manage their water supply using a timer control method based on the experience of growers. The timer control has problems in that it is difficult to consider the weather condition, the growth stage of crops, and the moisture content of the substrate, so that the crops cannot be managed at an optimal level, and the accuracy of cultivation management are lacking. The watering methods using integrated solar irradiance and substrate moisture contents are control systems that provide eco-friendly and precise water supply considering the growth conditions of crops. The purpose of this study was to compare the combined water supply control with integrated solar irradiance and substrate moisture contents and timer control method in hydroponic cultivation of strawberries using coir, and to set the optimal integrated solar irradiance level for complex water supply control. The irrigation system was automatically watered when it reached 100, 150, 250 J·cm^-2 based on the external solar irradiance, and forced irrigation was performed at a substrate moisture content of less than 60% in all treatments. The amount of irrigation at once was 50 mL. The timer treatment was applied as a control. The smaller the level of integrated radiation to start watering, the greater the daily amount of irrigation. Both the fresh weight and dry weight per plant were higher in the complex irrigation control method than the timer control, and the 100 and 150 J·cm^-2 treatment had the highest fresh weight, and the 100 J·cm^-2 treatment showed a significantly higher dry weight. The yield was also significantly higher in the complex control method than in the timer, and the early yield increased as the level of integrated solar irradiance was smaller. The fresh weight of fruit was the lowest in the timer-controlled irrigation. As a result of this study, the possibility of combined control irrigation method using integrated solar irradiance and substrate moisture content was confirmed for precise water supply management of strawberries in hydroponics.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.267-271
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• 2010

A new black seed coat soybean cultivar, 'Daeheug', was developed at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2007. The breeding goal for black seed coat soybean is to develop the cultivar with large seed size, high yield, lodging tolerance, and resistance to disease such as soybean mosaic virus (SMV), and bacterial pustule. 'Daeheug' was selected from the cross between 'Daehwang' which had yellow seed coat, large seed size, and late maturity, and 'Milyang 79' which was lodging tolerant, and SMV resistant with medium seed size, black seed coat, and yellow cotyledon. The preliminary, advanced and regional yield trials for evaluation and selection of this cultivar were carried out from 2003 to 2007. It has determinate growth habit, purple flower, brown pubescence, brown pod color, black seed coat, yellow cotyledon, spherical flattened seed shape, oval leaf shape and large seed size (34.3 g/100 seeds). In maturity, 'Daeheug' was 2 days later than the check cultivar 'Ilpumgeomjeongkong'. In the seed quality such as isoflavone contents ($635{\mu}g/g$), and anthocyanin contents ($11.2m{\ell}/g$ of seed coat), 'Daeheug' was better than the check cultivar. It has good adaptability for cooking with rice in ratio of water absorption and seed hardness. Specially, it has good processability for soybean tea with 2.13 absorbance at 530 nm, scavenge activity of DPPH radical was high, and contents of total phenolics was $1,263{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The average yield of 'Daeheug' was 2.26 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials (RYT) carried out in six locations of Korea from 2005 to 2007.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.78
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• pp.57-85
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• 2024

Purpose of the study: In order to utilize artificial intelligence-generated AI in educational ministry, this study analyzes the concept of artificial intelligence and generative AI and the educational theological aspects of educational ministry to find ways to efficiently utilize artificial intelligence ChatGPT in educational ministry. Contents and methods of the study: The contents of this study are. First, the contents of this study were analyzed by dividing the concepts of artificial intelligence and generative AI into the concept of artificial intelligence, types of artificial intelligence, and generative language model AI ChatGPT. Second, the educational theological analysis of educational ministry was divided into the concept of educational ministry, the goals of educational ministry, the content of educational ministry, and the direction of educational ministry in the era of artificial intelligence. Third, the plan to use artificial intelligence ChatGPT in educational ministry is to provide tools for writing sermon manuscripts, preparation tools for worship and prayer, and church education, focusing on the five functions of the early church community. It was analyzed by dividing it into tools for teaching, tools for teaching materials for believers, and tools for serving and volunteering. Conclusion and Recommendation: The conclusion of this study is that, first, when writing sermon manuscripts through artificial intelligence ChatGPT, high-quality sermon manuscripts can be written through the preacher's spirituality, faith, and insight. Second, through artificial intelligence ChatGPT, you can efficiently design and plan worship services and prepare services that serve the congregation objectively through various scenarios. Third, by using artificial intelligence ChatGPT in church education, it can be used while maintaining a complementary relationship with teachers through collaboration with human and artificial intelligence teachers. Fourth, through artificial intelligence ChatGPT, we provide a program that allows members of the church community to share spiritual fellowship, a plan to meet the needs of church members and strengthen interdependence, and an attitude of actively welcoming new people and respecting diversity. It provides useful materials that can play an important role in giving, loving, serving, and growing together in the love of Christ. Lastly, through artificial intelligence ChatGPT, we are seeking ways to provide various information about volunteer activities, learning support for children and youth in the community, mentoring-related programs, and playing a leading role in forming a village community in the local community.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 2010

In order to obtain the basic information for agricultural utilization of germanium (Ge), the growth characteristics, Ge uptake, and grain quality of rice plant (Hopyungbyeo) were investigated under different germanium ($GeO_2$, and commercial Ge) treatments in paddy field. Phytotoxicity was detected in $GeO_2$ treatment but not in commercial Ge treatment. The grain yield was greater in the order of control treatment > commercial Ge treatment > $GeO_2$ treatment. The dry weight was greater in order of control treatment > $GeO_2$ treatment ${\geq}$ commercial Ge treatment. The Ge content of leaf in $GeO_2$ treatment was 6 times (177 mg $m^{-2}$) higher than that in commercial Ge treatment. The Ge content in rice bran was not different in $GeO_2$, and commercial Ge treatments. The Ge contents of brown rice in$GeO_2$, and commercial treatments were 40.9, and 31.1 mg $kg^{-1}$, respectively. The Ge uptake rates in rice plant was higher in the order of leaf > rice bran > brown rice > stem > root. Under $GeO_2$, 15.56% of Ge absorbed into plant with 11.1% in leaf, 1.6% in stem, 0.03% in root, 2.2% in rice bran and 0.73% in brown rice. Under commercial Ge treatment, 5.19% of Ge absorbed into plant with 1.8% in leaf, 0.46% in stem, 0,01% in root, 2.2% in rice bran, and 0.71% in brown rice. Based on these results, the Ge contents in polished rice in commercial Ge treatment were higher than those in $GeO_2$ treatment. However, the Ge contents of rice grain (containing rice bran and polished rice) in $GeO_2$ treatment were higher than those in commercial Ge treatment.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.272-279
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• 2015

This study was conducted to provide baseline data which could suggest a direction of role based efficient integrated clinical education by avoiding duplicate of contents through analyzing clinical courses. Among the 7 clinical courses, orthodontics and periodontology were the most published subjects which were published in 5 kinds of books and dental materials was the least published subject which was published in 2 kinds of books on investigation of overlapping contents based on titles that appeared on chapters and verses of all textbooks for clinical courses. Dental implant was covered in 4 subjects such as oral maxillofacial surgery, prosthodontics, periodontology and dental materials which was the most number. Other overlapping contents were restoration treatment, occlusion and malocclusion, temporomandibular joint diseases, anesthesia sedation, tooth trauma, systemic disease and dental treatment, dental casting, isolation techniques, tooth bleaching, pulp protection, gingivitis periodontitis, tooth development, etc. Reviews of textbooks of clinical courses should be conducted in a detailed manner by systematic, various studies in order to improve quality of the textbooks.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.77-89
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• 1983

Properties and frying performance of domestic rice bran oil were studied. For this purpose, the analyses on the following characteristics were performed and their comparison with the characteristics of soybean oil was made: fatty acid composition, glycerides, composition, acid value, specific gravity, color, petroleum ether insoluble oxidized fatty acid, viscosity, smoke point, foam test, and water solubility. The results were as follow: 1) Fatty acid composition of domestic rice bran oil by gas chromatography was same as perviously reported, and similar to the fatty acid composition of the rice bran oil in foreign countries. Also the glyceride composition of domestic rice bran oil was analyzed by the methods of TLC, column chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography. The results were monoglyceride ranged from one to four percent; diglyceride 30-30% and triglyceride 66-80%. Consequently, the composition was proven completely different from that of the other edible oils. 2) The high contents of mono-glyceride in rice bran oil resulted in high values of specific gravity and water-solubility respectively. However, high contents mono glyceride and diglyceride indicated little affection to changes of acid value, color, petroleum ether insoluble oxidized fatty acid, and smoke point on frying. 3) Because of low contents of linoleic acid, domestic rice bran oil was estimated stable on frying, whereas soybean oil was easily polymerized. 4) A serious foaming and low smoke point on Frying in domestic rice bran oil were caused by its impurities. It seems that monoglyceride and diglyceride had little relation with foaming and smoke point. 5) Oils with serious foaming and low smoke point on frying caused a substantial quality loss in terms of flavor and appearance of fried materials.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.81-98
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• 2004

This study is to conduct the basic study for the achievement and assessment standards for the subject of 'Human Development' and 'Food and Nutrition', which are the curricula of Vocational Home Economics High Schools. These two subjects were newly adopted in the Vocational study Section of the 2005 College Entrance Examinations. In other words, this study is to provide the basic data for implementing the quality education based on the proper assessment of the curricula. For this purpose. this study analyzed the character & objective of 'Human Development' and 'Food and Nutrition'. Secondly. through the theoretical review for the concept & necessity of absolute evaluation standards. this study ensures the concept of achievement and assessment standards. and also designs the developing measures (including procedures). The achievement standards were developed by the following 5 step procedures. (1) Analyzing the objectives & contents of curricula. (2) Designating the development field of achievement standards (3) Developing the achievement standards. (4) The assessment of achievement standards. (5) Confirming the achievement standards. The assessment standards were developed by the following 5 step procedures. (1) Analyzing the achievement standards, (2) Designating the assessment field (3) Developing the assessment standards (4) Evaluating the assessment standards (5) Confirming the assessment standards Thirdly, this study suggested the exemplary achievement standards and assessment standards for the subject of Human Development, Food and Nutrition. Future study needs some critical review for the method of developing achievement and assessment standards for the subject of Human Development, Food and Nutrition. For example. the properness of 'Contents Element' which was designated as the developing field in the achievement standards, the discussion on validity of Contents Element abstract. the base of evaluating classification in terms of low, middle and high level, and other things should be considered through critical discussion. Especially the follow-up study should include the development of various evaluating methods to enable the clear communication for the achievement and assessment standards based on abstract concept and theory, thereby it could enable the actual interpretation and practical use.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.170-177
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• 2004

Agroenvironmental characteristics in paddy fields irrigated with the water of Nagdong river were analyzed along the river watershed for two years from 1999. The sites monitored from upper reaches of the river were Andong, Sangju, Gumi, Goryeong, Changnyeong, Milyang and Pusan. In paddy soils, the contents of heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn and As were around natural values showing the highest values in Pusan followed by Goryeong. In brown rice, the contents of heavy metals were lower than natural values. Soil chemical properties appeared higher values in the lower reaches including Goryeong than the upper ones. The highest parameters in Goryeong were pH ($5.9{\sim}6.1$), EC ($0.8{\sim}0.9\;dS/m$), $Av.P_2O_5$ ($155{\sim}201\;mg/kg$), exchangeable Ca ($6.7{\sim}7.4\;cmol^+/kg$), Mg ($1.92{\sim}2.50\;cmol^+/kg$), K ($0.18{\sim}0.21\;cmol^+/kg$) and those in Pusan were organic matter ($23.0{\sim}29.1\;g/kg$) and T-N ($1.6{\sim}1.8\;mg/kg$). In conclusion, the recommended rates of N fertilizer for rice cropping were 21.4%, 11.8% and 8.8% high for Andong, Sangju and Gumi, respectively and 14.9%, 4.6%, 4.5% and 11.5% low for Goryeong, Changnyeong, Milyang and Pusan, respectively reflecting the chemical properties of soils and the quality of irrigation water on the basis of 110 kgN/ha. In the case of phosphorous, the rates were 18.9% and 33.3% low for Changnyeong and others, respectively on the basis of $45\;kgP_2O_5/ha$. The populations of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, Bacillus, fluorescent Pseudomonas and Biomass C were high at the lower reaches including Goryeong, which showed relatively much nutrient contents of organic matter, total N and phosphorous etc.