• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2013

This study was conducted to obtain data and offer advice regarding dietary intake at kindergarten and to recommend dietary habits to prevent childhood obesity. The study was conducted in 85 children aged 4 to 5 years. Body weight and height, dietary intakes of lunch served at Kindergarten and questionnaires for dietary behaviors in Kyeongnam area were studied. All subjects were classified by their weight-length index (WLI). According to the standard WLI values, 41.2% of the children were within the normal value ($90{\leq}$WLI<110), 23.5% of the children were overweight ($110{\leq}$WLI<120), and 35.3% of the children were obese ($WLI{\geq}120$). The mean energy intake at lunch for kindergarteners was $287.1{\pm}13.4$ kcal in the normal group, $307.6{\pm}10.2$ kcal in the overweight group and $323.7{\pm}8.6$ kcal in the obese group. The percent energy of estimated energy requirement (EER) was 21.8%. The intake of protein, iron, zinc, vitamin A, and pyridoxine were significantly different by WLI (P<0.05). A comparison of nutrients in the lunch menu provided with those of 1/3 recommended intake (RI) showed that preschoolers took in fewer calories, calcium, and vitamin $B_2$, and that their deficiency rates were high (81.2%, 76.5% and 70.6% of recommended levels, respectively). There was a significant difference in the preference of fruits and milk and dairy products by WLI. Therefore, a nutritional education program and new guidance in the proper nutrition management for kindergarteners should be developed to enhance nutritional status during childhood.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2006

L. longifilorum Georgia $\times$ L. elegans Kakutanohikari 잡종 배로부터 유식물체를 분화시키고, 이때 유도된 캘러스의 증식과 이 캘러스로부터 유식물체 분화과정을 조직학적으로 관찰하였다. 잡종 배는 배양한 60개 절편 중 48개 절편에서 86개체의 배주가 발아되었으며, 1 mg/L NAA가 캘러스로부터 식물체의 재분화에 가장 효과적이었으며, 재분화를 억제한 캘러스만을 증식시키기 위해서는 0.1 mg/L NAA + 1 mg/L BA가 가장 양호하였다. 또한 Pyridoxin-HCI을 첨가하지 않은 경우에는 유식물체의 재분화가 거의 보이지 않았으며 50 mg/L의 Pyridoxin-HCI을 첨가한 배지에서 유식물체의 재분화가 가장 효과적이었다. 배에서 발생된 캘러스의 원형성층 지역으로부터 체세포배가 형성되었으며, NAA가 전형성층 부분에서 배발생적 세포 또는 전배 발생의 증식을 자극하는 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.55-55
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• 2003

P2X$_3$ receptor, a member of P2 purine receptors, is a ligand-gated ion channel activated by extracellular ATP as an endogenous ligand, and highly localized in peripheral and central sensory neurons. The activation of P2X3 receptor by ATP as the pronociceptive effect has been known to initiate the pain signaling involved in chronic inflammatory nociception and neuropathic pain by nerve injury, implicating the possibility of new drug development to control pains. In this study, we have developed a two electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) assay system to evaluate the inhibitory activity of several newly synthesized PPADS and a novel non-ionic antagonist against ATP activation of human P2X3 receptor. PPADS derivatives include several pyridoxine and pyridoxic acid analogs to study the effects of phosphate and aldehyde functional groups in PPADS. All new PPADS analogs were less potent than PPADS at human P2X$_3$ receptors, however, LDD130, a non-ionic analog showed potent antagonistic property with $IC_{50}$/ of 8.34 pM. In order to uncover the structure activity relationships of LDD130, and design new structural analogs, we synthesized and investigated a few structural variants of LDD130, and the results will be discussed in this presentation.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2005

Background: There is no currently effective treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), although this disorder is a progressive neurodegenerative disease resulting in death within several years. Because recent evidence suggests that homocysteine (HC) is highly related to neurodegenerative disorders with aging, we tried to elucidate the effects of multi-vitamin therapy on G93A SOD1 transgenic mice. Methods: We treated this murine model of ALS with multi-vitamin (folic acid 1.97 mg/day, pyridoxine 0.98 mg/day, cyanocobalamin 0.1 mg/day) from 45 days of age, per oral. We performed the rotarod test from postnatal $10^{th}$ week, weekly. Results: We found that multi-vitamin reinforcement significantly prolonged average lifespan and delayed disease onset with improvement of motor performance. However, it did not significantly slow disease progression and statistical differences of weight loss were not observed between in transgenic mice and controls. Conclusions: These results suggest that multi-vitamin can be a potent therapeutic strategy for familial forms of ALS.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2009

We investigated the nutritional state of B vitamins and the neuropsychological functions in 25 subjects, aged $63.1{\pm}6.3$ years, residing in rural areas of Korea. Nutritional states of thiamin, riboflavin, and pyridoxine were assessed enzymatically in the erythrocytes, and folate concentrations were measured microbiologically in the plasma and erythrocytes. A battery of composite neuropsychological test was administered to the subjects. Plasma folate was correlated with the total intelligence score (p=0.049). Folate levels in the erythrocytes were correlated with the performance intelligence scores such as block design (p=0.017) and picture arrangement (p=0.016). The red cell folate was correlated with memory scores such as general memory (p=0.009) and delayed recall (p=0.000). Although it did not reach statistical significance, verbal memory (p=0.053) was highly correlated with the red cell folate. The red cell folate was also correlated positively with the percent of conceptual level response number score (p=0.029), and negatively with the grooved pegboard test score for the non-dominant hand (p=0.010). Fine motor coordination was also influenced by folate nutrition, as finger tapping scores in both hands were significantly correlated with red cell folate (dominant hand; p=0.026, non-dominant hand; p=0.004). Other B vitamins such as thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin $B_6$ were not as strongly correlated with neuropsychological function test scores as folate was. These results suggest that folate nutrition influences neuropsychological function test scores significantly in humans. Further studies are needed to explore the relationship between folate or other vitamin B nutrition and neuropsychological functions and the implications thereof.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.403-412
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• 2019

Studies on the physicochemical properties of physiological activity substance in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) were analyzed for the use as an functional food materialization. The proximate compositions in the vacuum freeze dried turmeric were carbohydrate 72.90%, moisture 5.74%, crude protein 10.02%, crude fat 4.67%, and crude ash 6.69%, respectively. The mineral contents of turmeric were calcium (Ca) $2,294.77mg\;kg^{-1}$, potassium (K) $28,780.54mg\;kg^{-1}$, magnesium (Mg) $2,826.90mg\;kg^{-1}$, sodium (Na) $1,826.58mg\;kg^{-1}$, iron (Fe) $190.94mg\;kg^{-1}$, and manganese (Mn) $620.16mg\;kg^{-1}$. The vitamin contents of turmeric were pantothenic acid 1.040 mg/100 g, riboflavin 0.166 mg/100 g, thiamin 0.148 mg/100 g, pyridoxine 0.010 mg/100 g, and calciferol 0.008 mg/100 g, respectively. Total amino acid contents in protein of turmeric were 7.66 g%, and major amino acids were aspartic acid 1.45 g%, glutamic acid 1.07 g%, leucine 0.71 g%, phenylalanine 0.47 g%, and arginine 0.46 g%, respectively. The amount of free amino acids of turmeric were 225.81 mg%, and major free amino acids were asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, and alanine. Especially, in the case of asparagine, it was highest. The compositions of fatty acid were saturated fatty acid 45.09%, monoenes 8.62%, and polyenes 46.30%.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.502-511
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• 2021

In this study, the content of water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin B₁ (thiamin), B₂ (riboflavin), B₃ (niacin), B₅ (pantothenic acid), B₆ (pyridoxine), B₇ (biotin), B₁₂ (cyanocobalamin), and C (ascorbic acid) in dishes containing meat and seafood consumed in Korea were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet and fluorescence detection. All analyses were performed under strict quality control of vitamins B₁, B₂, B₃, B₅, B₆, B₇, B₁₂, and C. The highest content of vitamin B₁ was observed in Bugeo-gangjeong (1.373 mg/100 g) and the highest level of vitamin B₂ (5.162 mg/100 g) was found in pig liver. Bugeo-gangjeong showed the highest content of vitamin B₃ (21.676 mg/100 g), and kkomak-muchim contained considerable amounts (43.310 mg/100 g) of vitamin B₅. Vitamin B₆ was not detected in most seafood dishes except for yangnyeom myeongran-jeot (0.274 mg/100 g) and was present at low levels or not present at all in meat dishes. The highest content of vitamin B₇ was 6.506 ㎍/100 g in saeu-jeon and kkomak-muchim showed the highest content (21.132 ㎍/100 g) of vitamin B₁₂. The highest content of vitamin C was in yangnyeom myeongran-jeot (84.508 mg/100 g). In addition, the analysis methods of each water-soluble vitamin were verified. These results showed that seafood-based ingredients in several dishes could be a good source of water-soluble vitamins.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The leaves of Moringa oleifera (MO) and Moringa stenopetala (MS) commonly grown in Ethiopia possess potential nutritional and medicinal value. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and functional characteristics of the dried leaf powder from two Moringa species to develop sustainable nutritional supplements for Ethiopians from locally grown plant sources. MATERIALS/METHODS: Freshly harvested and air-dried MO and MS leaves were authenticated and the nutritional contents, such as protein, ash, lipids, and selected vitamins and minerals, were analyzed using standard analytical procedures. Amino acid compositions were also determined by an amino acid analyzer. Nine-week-old mice were randomly divided into four groups to investigate the anti-obesity effects of Moringa. The first group was fed a basal diet, the second group a high-fat diet, and the others were fed a high-fat diet containing 0.1% Moringa leaf powder from each species. After seven weeks, serum indices related to lipid profiles from each mouse were analyzed. RESULTS: The present study revealed high protein (28-29%) and ash (7-11%) contents. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline, and leucine were the most abundantly found amino acids in both species. The predominant minerals in the leaf powder were calcium (826-1,530 mg/100 g), potassium (794-904 mg/100 g), and magnesium (286-431 mg/100 g). Pyridoxine (475.06 mg/100 g) and vitamin E (34.2 mg/100 g) were found only in MS. Niacin was found only in MO at 32.21 mg/100 g, whereas ascorbic acid was found in both species (3.89 and 6.19 mg/100 g dry weight for MO and MS, respectively). The results of the animal study showed that mice on a high-fat diet containing 0.1% MO leaf powder alleviated the elevation of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol induced by the high fat diet. MO was more effective than MS in preventing hypercholesterolemia and fat deposition. CONCLUSION: The findings in this work confirmed that Moringa leaves of both MO and MS possessed high nutritional value but MO was better at preventing the harmful effects of the high-fat diet than MS.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.247-261
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• 2022

Ketosis is associated with high milk yield during lactating or insufficient feed intake in lactating dairy cows. However, few studies have been conducted on the metabolomics of ketosis in Korean lactating dairy cows. The present study aimed to investigate the serum and urine metabolites profiling of lactating dairy cows through proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectroscopy and comparing those between healthy (CON) and subclinical ketosis (SCK) groups. Six lactating dairy cows were categorized into CON and SCK groups. All experimental Holstein cows were fed total mixed ration. Serum and urine samples were collected from the jugular vein of the neck and by hand sweeping the perineum, respectively. The metabolites in the serum and urine were determined using ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. Identification and quantification of metabolites was performed by Chenomx NMR Suite 8.4 software. Metabolites statistical analysis was performed by Metaboanalyst version 5.0 program. In the serum, the acetoacetate level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the SCK group than in the CON group, and whereas acetate, galactose and pyruvate levels tended to be higher. CON group had significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of 5-aminolevulinate and betaine. Indole-3-acetate, theophylline, p-cresol, 3-hydroxymandelate, gentisate, N-acetylglucosamine, N-nitrosodimethylamine, xanthine and pyridoxine levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the urine of the SCK group than that in the CON group, which had higher levels of homogentisate, ribose, gluconate, ethylene glycol, maltose, 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate and glycocholate. Some significantly (p < 0.05) different metabolites in the serum and urine were associated with ketosis diseases, inflammation, energy balance and body weight. This study will be contributed useful a future ketosis metabolomics studies in Korea.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2002

식품에 함유된 수용성 비타민의 분석을 위하여 식품 중 단백질, 탄수화물 등과 결합하고있는 수용성 비타민을 추출 과정에서 파괴를 최소화하기 위하여 지금까지 통상적으로 행하여온 어떤 화학적 처리도 병용하지 않고 단백질 분해효소인 bromelain과 소의 췌장에서 추출한 protease 및 ${\alpha}-amylase$를 이용하여 결합을 절단하는 순수한 효소처리방법만을 이용하여 추출하였다. 추출된 비타민 시료용액을 $C_{18}$ Sep-Pak solid phase extraction column으로 정제하여 추출된 비타민을 한 column상에서 한번에 모두 역상 HPLC로 분석하는 방법을 개발하였다. 이 방법으로 표준 수용성 비타민의 회수율과 돼지고기 및 감자 중의 수용성 비타민분석 결과와 이 들 식품에 수용성 비타민을 강화하였을 때 강화 비타민의 회수율을 측정한 결과를 A.O.A.C.방법에 따라 추출 정제하여 분석한 결과와 비교하였다. Bromelain 처리와 A.O.A.C.법에서 표준수용성 비타민 중 folic acid가 가장 낮은 37.63%와 48.18%를 나타내었고 protease 처리에서는 pyridoxal이 가장 낮은 75.45%를 나타내었다. Niacinamide를 제외하고는 효소처리법이 A.O.A.C.법보다 높은 회수율을 보였다. 돼지고기 중 수용성비타민은 효소 처리방법에서 aminobenzoic acid, pyridoxal, pyridoxine, niacinamide 및 thiamin 등 6가지가 검출되었고 $C_{18}$ Sep-Pak column에 의한 정제에도 불구하고 불순 peak들이 많이 나왔으나 정량에 방해되는 불순 peak는 없었고 A.O.A.C.방법에 의한 추출 정제 시 niacinamide와 thiamin정량에 있어서 불순 peak에 의하여 정확한 정량이 불가능하였다. 돼지고기에서 특히 단백질과 공유결합을 형성하고 있는 비타민 $B_6$의 경우 문헌에 보고된 값들 보다 상당히 높은 값으로 정량되어 단백질 함량이 높은 시료에 대하여 별도의 정제과정이 추가로 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 비타민 강화 돼지고기 중의 강화 비타민의 회수 율은 표준 비타민 보다 회수율이 높고 정확하였다. 감자의 경우 protease처리에서 aminobezoic acid, pyridoxal, pyridoxine 및 thiamin 등 4가지가 검출되었고 bromelain 처리에서는 pyridoxal이 검출되지 않았다. 효소처리법에서 돼지고기와 마찬가지로 $C_{18}$ Sep-Pak column에 의한 정제로도 불순 peak가 많았으나 정량에 방해되는 불순 peak는 없었다. A.O.A.C.방법에서 pyridoxamine과 thiamin정량에서 불순 peak로 인하여 정확한 정량이 불가능하였다. 비타민 $B_6$의 경우 돼지고기와 달리 문헌에 나타난 값들과 비슷한 결과를 얻었는데 이는 단백질 함량이 낮은 관계로 판단된다. 비타민 강화 감자에서 강화 비타민의 회수 율도 돼지고기와 마찬가지로 상당히 정확하였고 A.O.A.C.법보다 높게나왔다.