• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2023

이 연구에서는 흙막이용 CIP(cast in placed pile)를 영구적인 지하외벽으로 활용하기 위해 제시한 CSB(confined socket bolt) 전단연결재의 전단 성능을 평가하였다. CSB 전단 성능 평가를 위한 푸쉬아웃(push-out) 실험의 주요 변수는 CIP의 종류, CSB 전단연결재 종류, L/d, 무근 콘크리트, 방수재 및 철근콘크리트 말뚝의 압축강도로 설정하였다. 실험결과, H-형강 말뚝 실험체들의 파괴모드는 모두 CSB 전단연결재 파단에 의해 지배되었다. 철근콘크리트 말뚝 실험체들의 파괴모드는 철근콘크리트 말뚝의 압축강도가 증가할수록 콘크리트의 파괴보다 CSB 전단연결재의 파단에 의해 지배되었다. 고강도 볼트 및 이형철근의 CSB 전단연결재 실험체의 최대 내력은 일반강도 볼트의 CSB 전단연결재 실험체에 비해 H-형강 말뚝의 경우 약 1.22배 및 1.20배 높았으며, 철근콘크리트 말뚝의 경우 약 1.10배 및 1.16배 높았다. 그리고 푸쉬아웃 실험에서 최대 내력은 CSB 전단연결재의 길이 및 철근 중첩에 대한 영향이 미미하였다. KDS 기준에 의해 산정된 전단내력은 실험결과를 안전측으로 평가하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권4A호
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• pp.281-290
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• 2009

혼합구조체의 강-콘크리트 경계면은 하중이 증가함에 따라 합성작용 저하, 미세균열, 슬립 및 분리 등으로 비선형 거동을 나타내어 부분합성에 적합한 해석기법이 필요하다. 스터드의 상세해석을 통하여 이를 실현할 수 있으나 이는 해석 결과의 실효성에 비해 시간과 비용이 많이 투입되기 때문에 본 연구에서는 접합부의 경계비선형과 강-콘크리트의 재료비선형을 고려하여 더욱 정확한 강 콘크리트 혼합구조 해석기법을 제안하였다. 접합부의 경계면의 비선형성은 인터페이스 요소를 이용하여 모델링한다. 이를 위해 먼저 경계면의 비선형 거동 물성치를 산정하여야 한다. 경계면의 물성은 push-out test 등을 통하여 얻을 수 있는데 이는 기존에 연구되었던 실험결과를 이용하였다. 강과 콘크리트의 재료비선형을 고려하기 위해 콘크리트의 압축부는 Drucker-Prager 모델을 이용하고, 강재는 von-Mises 모델과 2개의 직선으로 이상화한 응력-변형률 관계를 적용하였다. 해석의 검증을 위해 프리스트레스트 콘크리트-강 혼합구조를 갖는 혼합거더의 정적 휨 거동에 관해 해석하여 기존의 실험결과와 비교하였다. 제안된 혼합구조 해석 기법을 이용하여 경계면의 비선형 모델을 변화시켜가면서 해석을 수행하여 강-콘크리트 혼합구조체의 거동을 분석하였다. 이후 경계면의 선형 해석방법과 완전부착을 가정하는 해석방법의 결과와 비교 분석하여 제안한 비선형 해석기법의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.265-277
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• 2019

Framed masonry wall structures represent a typical high-rise structural system that are also seismically vulnerable. During ground motions, they are excited in both in-plane and out-of-plane terms. The interaction between the frame and the infill during ground motion is a highly investigated phenomenon in the field of seismic engineering. This paper presents a numerical investigation of two distinct static out-of-plane loading methods for framed masonry wall models. The first and most common method is uniformly loaded infill. The load is generally induced by the airbag. The other method is similar to in-plane push-over method, involves loading of the frame directly, not the infill. Consequently, different openings with the same areas and various placements were examined. The numerical model is based on calibrated in-plane bare frame models and on calibrated wall models subjected to OoP bending. Both methods produced widely divergent results in terms of load bearing capabilities, failure modes, damage states etc. Summarily, uniform load on the panel causes more damage to the infill than to the frame; openings do influence structures behavior; three hinged arching action is developed; and greater resistance and deformations are obtained in comparison to the frame loading method. Loading the frame causes the infill to bear significantly greater damage than the infill; infill and openings only influence the behavior after reaching the peak load; infill does not influence initial stiffness; models with opening fail at same inter-storey drift ratio as the bare frame model.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2014

최근 게임시장은 게임제작과정과 게임디자인 분야의 많은 발전에 의하여 게임 상 컷씬(cut-scene)의 디자인 스타일과 완성도 또한 지속적인 발전을 이루고 있다. 따라서 항상 게임 디자이너들은 여러 디자인 방향성에서 보다 쉬운 인지와 인기 있는 디자인을 얻으려는 노력을 한다. 그러나 개발자에 의존한 디자인 전략은 최종 디자인결과물이 게임플레이어에게 사랑 받고 있는지 성과여부를 판단 할 수 없게 되며 모든 면에서 빠르게 변화하는 게임시장의 요구를 충족 할 수 없다. 또한 디자인 최종 완성도와 같은 어려운 절차들은 게임 컷씬 장면의 제작 및 이용을 어렵게 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 사용자 중심 디자인(UCD) 바탕의 비디오 게임 속 컷씬 디자인방법을 제시하여 제작환경에서 원작의 느낌을 훼손하지 않으면서 디자이너가 전하고자 하는 메시지를 더욱 부각시키고 흥미를 이끌어 몰입감을 높이는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.419-428
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• 2007

This paper describes the development of a six-axis force/moment sensor with rectangular taper beams for an intelligent robot's wrist and ankle. In order to accurately push and pull an object with an intelligent robot's hand, and in order to safely walk with an intelligent robot's foot, the robot's wrist and ankle should measure three forces Fx, Fy, and Fz, and three moments Mx, My, and Mz simultaneously from the mounted six-axis force/moment sensor to the intelligent robot's wrist and ankle. Unfortunately, the developed six-axis force/moment sensor utilized in other industrial fields is not proper for an intelligent robot's wrist and ankle in the size and the rated output of the six-axis force/moment sensor. In this paper, the structure of a six-axis force/moment sensor with rectangular taper beams was newly modeled for an intelligent robot's wrist and ankle, and the sensing elements were designed by using the derived equations, following which the six-axis force/moment sensor was fabricated by attaching strain-gages on the sensing elements. Moreover, the characteristic test of the developed sensor was carried out by using the six-component force/moment sensor testing machine. The rated outputs from the derived equations agree well with those from the experiments. The interference error of the sensor is less than 2.87%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1029-1037
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• 2008

When a humanoid robot pushes an object with its force, it is essential to adequately control its posture so as to maximize the surplus torque far all joints. For such purpose, this study proposes a method to find an optimal posture of a humanoid robot using a genetic algorithm in such a way that the surplus torque for all joints is maximized. In this study, pushing motion of an 18-DOF humanoid robot is considered. When the robot takes a cooperative motion to push an object, the palms and soles are assumed to be fixed at the object and ground respectively, and are subjected to sense the reaction force from the object and the ground. Then, the torques for all joints are calculated and reflected to fitness function of the genetic algorithm. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a number of simulations with different fitness functions are carried out. The simulation result shows that the proposed method can be adopted to find optimized posture in cooperative motion of a humanoid robot.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.81-99
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• 2001

The world is now meeting the era of e-commerce by development of information technology and the fast increase of use of internet. So, Korean government prepared "the colligation plan for electronic commerce activating" and WTO decides to prolong no custom on e-commerce till November 2001 when the fourth WTO Ministerial Conference holds a meeting. OECD discussed the construction of intellectual property rights of the global dimension at the Global Forum on January 2001 and reached to research the social influence of B-to-B e-commerce and to pursue the acceleration of e-commerce. UNCITRAL(United Nations Commission on International Trade Law) enacted UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce in order to activate e-commerce, and Bolero.net serves electronic Bill of Lading to facilitate cyber trading. The purpose of this paper is to present the direction of confrontation to the these internal and external changes of business environment to Korean enterprises. Off-line enterprises should move fast to e-commerce on the condition that the existing trading at the original markets runs parallel with e-commerce. n needed, off-line enterprises should consider M&A with existing on-line firms. Also, off-line firms make use of Bolero system so that they can carry through paperless trade which means the achievement of efficiency in trading, On-line enterprises should advertise in the form of banner by combination of push and pull styles. B-to-B e-commerce firms should not depend on only the commissions, but they should create characteristic earnings by their peculiar services.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.867-878
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• 2000

In order to study unsteady aerodynamic loads on high speed trains passing by each other 350km/h, three-dimensional flow fields around trains during the crossing event are numerically simulated using three-dimensional Euler equations. Roe's FDS with MUSCL interpolation is employed to simulate wave phenomena. An efficient moving grid system based on domain decomposition techniques is developed to analyze the unsteady flow field induced by the restricted motion of a train on a rail. Numerical simulations of the trains passing by on the double-track are carried out to study the effect of the train nose-shape, length and the existence of a tunnel on the crossing event. Unsteady aerodynamic loads-a side force and a drag force-acting on the train during the crossing are numerically predicted and analyzed. The side force mainly depends on the nose-shape, and the drag force depends on tunnel existence. Also. a push-pull (i.e.impluse force) force successively acts on each car and acts in different directions between the neighborhood cars. The maximum change of the impulsive force reaches about 3 tons. These aerodynamic force data are absolutely necessary to evaluate the stability of high speed multi-car trains. The results also indicate the effectiveness of the present numerical method for simulating the unsteady flow fields induced by bodies in relative motion.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.356-361
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• 1994

From the previous experimental test results, it has shown that shear that shear strength in lightweight concrete beams was about 85% on that in normal concrete beams. It is speculated that shear connectors in composite beams of steel and lightweight concrete associated with the longitudinal shear strength decrease more in strength than those in normal concrete. So this paper, as a study on strength of shear connectors in composite beams of steel and lightweight concrete slabs, has a purpose to compare the strength formula resulted from the push-out test of thirteen solid slab and four deck Plate slab with the established ones, and then to suggest a proper strength formula of the shear connectors. The established strength formula of the shear connectors is prescribed for $P_ps = 0.50A_s . \sqrt{f_C . E_C}$by AISC coed, but from the experimental test results the strength values of the shear connectors in lightweignt concrete slabs shows about 70% on those of the shear connectors in normal concrete slabs by AISC code. Therefore, as a strength formula this paper suggests to multiply the established strength formula by reduction factor$(\varphi=0.7)$.

• 산업공학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.325-337
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• 2002

In this study we consider the problem of production planning of TFT-LCD(Thin Film Transistor - Liquid Crystal Display) production factory. Due to the complexities of the TFT-LCD production processes, it is difficult to schedule the production planning, and the study about automated scheduler is insufficient. In addition, the existing production method is a Push-System to raise the operation rate with expensive equipment, that has the problem to satisfy the due-date. This study presents an algorithm having a concept of Pull-System that satisfies the due-date and considers specialties of TFT-LCD production process. We make MPS(Master Production Schedule) according to the sales order, and present algorithms for scheduling about In/Out plan considering factory capacity, line balancing, material requirement, and inventory level of all Array, Cell, and Module processes. These algorithms are integrated as an automated production system, and we implement them in the actual TFT-LCD factory circumstance.