• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.132-138
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• 1981

본 실험에서는 광합성세균(光合成細菌)의 검색(檢索)과 그 이용(利用)을 목적(目的)으로 우선 36개(個) 시료(試料)에서 광합성세균(光合成細菌)을 분리(分離)하고 그 세균(細菌)들의 성분(成分)과 질소(窒素) 고정력(固定力), 유기성(有機性) 폐수(廢水)의 정화능력(淨化能力)을 측정(測定)하였다. 일반적(一般的)으로 어느 시료(試料)나 광합성세균(光合成細菌)은 분포(分布)되어 있으며 분리(分離)된 균(菌)은 Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus, Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa, 와 Rhodospirillum rubrum의 4종(種)이었다 이들의 질소(窒素) 고정력(固定力)은 균주(菌株)에 따라 다르고 R. capsulatus H-1가 가장 강(强)했다. 또한 유기성(有機性) 폐수(廢水)의 정화능력(淨化能力)은 폐수(廢水)와 균주(菌株)에 따라 다르게 나타났으나 일반적으로 상당(相當)히 강(强)한 정화능(淨化能)을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2014

People could not imagine living without tab water. However, the water filtering process at a purification plant used to produce tab water creates tons of sludge, which is generally wasted. This sludge waste consists of (1) mineral elements, such as sand, (2) organic materials, and (3) a coagulant, which agglomerates the two. As an enormous amount of sludge waste is generated every year, numerous studies have been carried out to identify how to deal with this problem. Currently, however, most of the sludge waste is directly discarded in landfills. In the present study, water-purified sludge waste received a heat treatment at $1300^{\circ}C$ and was then ground into particles to be used as a ceramic material. Next, the resultant particles were compounded with chamotte substitutes to produce grogged clay that is suitable for wheel-throwing ceramics. Consequently, the plasticity of the sludge waste decreased as the content of calcination increased. Thus, it is considered that wheel throwing is available only up to PBF-3. Thus, it is available for wheel throwing and has a high strength of 864 $kgf/cm^2$ with less than 0.2 percent of porosity and absorption ratio were displayed in PBF-2 at $1280^{\circ}C$ with 20 percent of calcination from the purified sludge. Therefore, the PBF-2 body produced in this study was considered to be capable of replacing grogged clay in the market.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.2313-2321
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• 2014

정수장, 하수처리장, 폐수처리장의 배출수 처리공정에서 고 농도의 슬러지 선별, 이송 및 약품 투입량 조절을 위한 기준으로 슬러지 농도계가 사용되고 있다. 본 논문은 슬러지 농도계의 정도 향상과 문제점 개선을 통해 배출수 처리공정의 운영 효율화와 자동화 기반을 마련하고자 한다. 센서를 다중빔으로 설계 및 최소편차 선형평균 필터링을 적용하여 농도계의 정도 향상과 안정성을 실현하였으며, 부단수 방식의 센서 착탈 설계로 배출수 시설 운영중에도 유지관리가 가능토록 하였다. 이렇게 구현된 다중빔 방식 슬러지 농도계의 성능을 Pilot Plant를 통하여 다양하게 검증하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: Development of water recycle technologies is important for human health and sustainable agriculture. However, few studies have been conducted to examine the purification methods or the water quality of reclaimed wastewater in Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, the different wastewaters including reclaimed wastewater and waste nutrient solution (NS) were evaluated. The changes of water quality in reclaimed wastewater and NS were determined using ultraviolet (UV) treatment and sand filtration with charcoal. Our results showed that one of the most critical limitations of reusing wastewater was the presence of harmful pathogens that possibly cause human health risks. CONCLUSION(s): This study suggests that the application of UV treatment or combined with sand filtration on reclaimed wastewater and waste NS effectively removes the total coliform bacteria below the harmful or acceptable level. For future studies, a long-term field monitoring after applying reclaimed wastewater or NS is needed.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1199-1208
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• 2019

Korea's protected horticulture is rapidly increasing in scale due to various advantages such as year-round harvesting, labor savings through automation and shortened culture period, and greater income generation. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of protected horticulture on water quality. The results of this study are expected to provide basic data contributing to improvements towards sustainable agriculture and eco-friendly design of protected horticulture complex. The average T-N and T-P loads from vinyl greenhouses were 286.55± 143.98 mg/L and 59.14±13.77 mg/L, respectively and those from glass greenhouses 380.68 ± 150.41 mg/L and 61.85±20.72 mg/L. The annual discharge of wastewater derived from the monthly discharge from the horticulture greenhouses were estimated at 2597 ton/ha, with the annual phosphorus load amounting to 155.3 kg/ha. The average T-N and T-P loads in the tested greenhouse effluents were in excess of 8.3- and 13.5-fold the standards for the Korean wastewater plant effluent. The waste nutrient solution discharged from a protected horticulture complex can cause water contamination. Therefore, there is a need to conduct follow-up research using a water purification system or a trench method to develop a eco-friendly protected horticulture complex for sustainable agriculture.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1129-1137
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• 2008

We investigated the ecological characteristics of reed populations growing in Korea and tried to select reed populations showing better growth patterns in waste landfill leachate. To examine the growth characteristics, 14 reed populations from various habitats were collected. Four reed populations were from inland reclaimed habitats, 4 reed populations from brackish or salt marsh habitats, and 6 reed populations from fresh water habitats. Total plant biomass after the treatment with landfill leachate showed that Daebudo and Nanjido reed populations had the higher biomass with 3755 g DW/pot and 3305 g DW/pot, respectively. Reed populations being sampled from the higher salinity and landfill habitats had relatively higher total biomass than that of other reed populations. Especially reed populations from landfill habitats showed higher biomass. Reed populations from Songjiho and Daebudo, which were believed to have tolerance to salt stress, also showed good growth patterns. Population from the fresh water habitats exhibited relatively lower tolerance to leachate treatment compared to others. From the results, we could conclude that reed populations from Nanjido and Daebudo with higher biomass and better salt tolerance were able to good candidates for purification of waste landfill leachate.

• 분석과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.799-806
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• 1995

In industrial field, a large volume of regenerants (acid and caustic soda) and their washing effluents are regularly disposed off from the water demineralization plant during regeneration of the ion-exchanger units. Of these waste effluents, a part of the wash water discharged from the single bed Anion and Mixed Bed units can be utilized at a certain stage of their washing cycles when its conductivity is fallen down and becomes considerably less than that of the input raw water. The main aim of this specific waste effluent utilization is to dilute the TDS concentration of the input raw water (fed into the single bed ion-exchanger units) by blending. The achievement is the increase of the longevity of the production cycles of the I.E. units along with the improvement of the production quality and decrease of the regeneration frequencies. As a result, regenerant consumption would be saved because of the reduction of ionic load in feed water which will ultimately reduce the water purification cost. At the same time, the environment pollution will also be protected to a considerable extent. This operational measure is quite effective and useful specially where high TDS water is demineralized only by single bed ion-exchangers. In such case, the water treatment plant is very often found to suffer from both production quality and quantity in addition to carrying out of random and restless regenerations. Proper reuses of the aforesaid wash water effluents of the Anion and MB units excellently minimizes the difficulties experienced in practice. This paper contains the utilities and techniques of reuses of the different kinds of waste effluents of the industrial water treatment plant in addition to the specific reuses of the post-regeneration wash waters of the Anion and MB ion-exchanger units.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2001

This study is aimed to review the previous research accomplishments with analysis of problems and to suggest the counter plan for the watershed management and the ongoing research strategy. Phytoremediation provides a cost-effective techniques having a merit of low investment and maintenance cost. It could be one of the best techniques, which is an alternative plan to overcome economical situation and lack of experts in our country. In forest watershed affected by waste water and heavy metal pollutants should be controlled by vegetative remediation system, but the disposal techniques of harvested plant materials should be developed. Also, high degree areas of natural vegetation as a key model to recover the vegetation should be well conserved. It is important to restore forest continuity between upper stream and lower stream basin with the restoration of damaged in forest watershed. It is established to integrated protection system for land use and management plan and to natural environment evaluation methods affected by projects such as erosion control and developments in stream and forest. In addition, I suggest the continuous environmental monitoring system to treat the pollutions concerned.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2003

Pollution purification using titanium dioxide (TiO$_2$) photocatalyst has attracted a great deal of attention with increasing number of relent environmental problems. Currently, the application of TiO$_2$ photocatalyst has been focused on purification and treatment of waste water. However. the use of conventional TiO$_2$ powder photocatalyst results in disadvantage of stirring during the reaction and of separation after the reaction. And the usage of artificial UV lamp has made the cost of photocatalyst treatment system high. Consequently, we herein studied the pilot-scale design to aid in optimization of the energy-saving process for more through development and reactor design by solar light/UV lamp/ TiO$_2$system. In this study, we manufactured the TiO$_2$sol by sol-gel method. According to analysis by XRD, SEM and TEM, characterization of TiO$_2$ sol were nano-size (5-6 nm) and anatase type. Inorganic binder (SiO$_2$) was added to TiO$_2$ lot to be coated for support strongly, and support of ceramic bead was used to lower separation rate that of glass bead The influences were studied of various experimental parameters such as TiO$_2$ quantity, pH, flow rate. additives, pollutants concentration, climate condition and reflection plate by means of reaction time of the main chararteristics of the obtained materials. In water treatment system, variable realtor as solar light/ or UV lamp according to climate condition such as sunny and cloudy days treated the phenol and E-coli(Escherichia coli) effectively.

• 공학논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.93-107
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 정수장에서 사용후 폐기된 활성탄을 전자파로 조사 capillary 복원 능력을 조사하였고 활성화제의 종류 및 량에 따른 비표면적 변화에 대하여 연구하였다. 수증기를 활성화제로 사용한 경우에는 재생의 능력은 우수하나, 폐활성탄에 함유하고 있는 수분과 반응하여 자동이송에 문제점이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 $CO_2$ gas로 재생한 결과 이송의 문제점도 해결되고 비표면적도 신탄에 비해 10-20%향상된 것으로 나타났다. 전자파의 세기에 있어서는 2.75kw 공급시 제일 좋은 재생효과가 나타났다. 각 변수에 의한 실험 후 반응물을 ASAP, SEM등을 이용하여 분석한 결과 전자파의 세기와 활성화제 종류 및 양에 따라 복원 능력이 다르게 나타났다. 특히 공기를 활성화제로 사용한 경우에는 복원능력의 오차가 심하게 나타났다. 이는 전자파에 의해 활성탄이 가열된 상태에서 공기의 량이 과다하게 투입, 산화, 연소되어 수율이 떨어지는 것으로 확인되었다. Microwave를 이용하여 폐활성탄을 재생시킨 결과 일반적으로 사용하고 있는 rotary kiln보다 우수한 재생효과가 나타났고, 경제성에서도 앞서는 것으로 나타났으나 대량 생산이 어렵다는 것이 단점으로 나타났다.