• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 2023

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.83-105
• /
• 2013

During recent decades, the number of mixed attribute products (henceforth mixed products), which have both utilitarian and hedonic benefits, has increased dramatically. Despite these products' growing popularity, academic research has paid little attention to them, and there remains a gap between theory and the real world. Hence, our study was undertaken to understand consumers' perceptions about and behaviors toward mixed products, as well as factors affecting the evaluation and choice of these products. We divided mixed attribute products into two categories: mixed utilitarian products (utilitarian products adding hedonic attributes) and mixed hedonic products (hedonic products adding utilitarian attributes). We then showed how adding different attributes affects consumers' perception, willingness to pay (WTP), and the choice of mixed attribute products compared to pure utilitarian or pure hedonic products. We conducted an experiment using a within-subject design. A total of 160 office workers and college students participated in the study. The pure utilitarian product used in the study was orange juice, and the mixed utilitarian product was carbonated orange juice. The pure hedonic product was chocolate, and the mixed hedonic product was polyphenol enriched chocolate. Results showed that consumers perceived a mixed utilitarian product to be less utilitarian, less pleasurable and more guilty than a pure utilitarian product. On the other hand, a mixed hedonic product was perceived to be more utilitarian, less pleasurable and less guilty than a pure hedonic product. Also, WTP for a mixed hedonic product was higher than WTP for a pure hedonic product, but WTP was lower for a mixed utilitarian product than for a pure utilitarian product. Furthermore, mixed hedonic products were likely to be evaluated more favorably when they were presented together with pure hedonic products, more so than when they were presented alone. Finally, when compared to low self-control participants, high self-control participants chose mixed hedonic products more frequently. The present study contributes to the existing literature on utilitarian and hedonic consumption by adding to the sparse literature on the consumption of products that have both utilitarian and hedonic purposes. Also, our research findings provide several useful implications for practitioners in related fields. First, the current study provides marketers with a useful guide for understanding consumers' perceptions of these types of products, and helps to predict how adding different attributes influences these products. Second, this study has examined the conditions that may moderate the evaluation and choice of hedonic base products and this finding will serve as a good reference for marketers of mixed hedonic products in marketing communication strategy, in-store marketing and targeting. Specifically, comparative advertising with a pure hedonic product will be beneficial for a mixed hedonic product. Also, displaying mixed hedonic products near pure hedonic products may enhance the effectiveness of in-store marketing of mixed hedonic products.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2019

Major objective of the study are to analyze the trends of domestic research on pure play internet banks and to propose the future research directions of the ares. To achieve the objectives, this study first summarize the basic concepts and current status of pure play internet banks, establish analysis criteria, and analyze 56 papers based on the criteria. Major research results and future research directions are summarized as follows: non-empirical research should utilize mathematical/conceptual model rather than opinion/guidance, and empirical research should employ secondary data analysis method; in case of the individual level analysis, research on the bank personnel, and on use/outcome of customers should be performed; more organizational level studies should be performed; and in case of societal level research, impact of the pure play internet banks should be analyzed in depth.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.61 no.9
• /
• pp.1319-1329
• /
• 2012

Globally stabilizing adaptive fuzzy state- and output-feedback controllers for the fully nonaffine pure-feedback nonlinear system are proposed in this paper. By reformulating the original pure-feedback system to a standard normal form with respect to newly defined state variables, the proposed controllers require no backstepping design procedures. Avoiding backstepping makes the controller structure and stability analysis to be considerably simplified. For the global stabilty of the clossed-loop system, the self-structuring fuzzy system whose memebership functions and fuzzy rules are automatically generated and tuned is adopted. The proposed controllers employ only one fuzzy logic system to approximate unknown nonlinear function, which highlights the simplicity of the proposed adaptive fuzzy controller. Moreover, the output-feedback controller of the considered system proposed in this paper have not been dealt with in any literature yet.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.65-67
• /
• 2022

Pure anterior bilateral shoulder dislocations are rare clinical features, especially in traumatic forms. They are most often posterior, occurring during an epileptic seizure. Few cases are described in the literature, and the mechanism varies from case to case. We report a specific case of pure bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation in a 29-year-old judo player following an accident during his training and discuss the circumstances, mechanism, treatment, and prognosis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.381-388
• /
• 2004

After the author of 'Luxinjing' explained the children's characters using the concept of Pure-Yang, the term has been widely exploited in the literature of Oriental pediatrics, Its meaning could be summed up in three general categories, namely: Shengyang(盛陽), Zhiyinzhiyang(稚陰稚陽) and Shaoyang(少陽). The implications of Pure-Yang were different in each dynasties of China. By the early Qing(淸) period, it meant mostly Shengyang(盛陽), but its meaning moved in the direction of Zhiyinzhiyang(稚陰稚陽) after Wu Jutong(吳鞠通). And this movement in the interpretation of this term was largely triggered by the pharmaceutical concerns of doctors as too much medicine of cooling and gastrointestinal effect was used to 'cool off' the over-charged Yang characters(盛陽) of children, causing considerable detrimental side effects to the children's body. The concept of Zhiyinzhiyang(稚陰稚陽) which emphasizes the fragility of children's body thus came in action. The meaning of physiological terms in Oriental Medicine is essentially linked to its clinical applications as we have seen in the case of Pure Yang. In that respect, the recent interpretation of Pure-Yang as Shaoyang(少陽) among physicians in China seems lacking in its crucial counterpart, which is its clinical applications. No theory can prove fruitful in the absence of its practice.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.245-260
• /
• 2005

Various kinds of cognitive aspects must be inclusively considered for understanding to transitivity. Basically, transitivity is not a notion of pure lexical items, pure syntactic dimensions and only semantic interpretation. That is, transitivity is affected by the extralinguistic phenomena which contain speakers psychological and cognitive interpretations. It is based on human cognitive abilities to interpret the exact meaning of language expressions. To sum up, transitivity has a relation with the observer's (speaker's) cognitive interpretation within the entire contexts.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.249-261
• /
• 1969

Studies of photochemical reactions of the pure oxygen atmosphere are made using reaction rate constants and atmospheric data available in the latest literature. The daytime and nighttime variations in atomic oxygen and ozone are computed, based on three different conditions: 1) photochemical equilibrium, 2) direct integrations of the rate equations with modifications and approximation to the equations, and 3) by numerical integrations. The departure from the photochemical equilibrium concentrations during day and nighttime are discussed by comparing the results obtaind from the three conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 1991.10a
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 1991

In staically indeterminate structures torsional stiffness is an important factor for prediction of mechanical behavior at all loading stages in reinfored concrete beams, which also for calculation of torsional moment. This paper proposes equation for postcracking torsional stiffness of reinforced concrete beams under pure torsion, which is derived considering the equilibrium and compatibility condition for shear panel based on the variable angle space truss model. The equation describes well the effect according to the variation of aspect ratio and steel volume ratio per unit concrete volume. It agress with experimental results in this paper as well as available literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.119-122
• /
• 2017

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and hypogammaglobulinemia are paraneoplastic syndromes that are rarer than myasthenia gravis in patients with thymoma. Good syndrome coexisting with PRCA is an extremely rare pathology. We report the case of a 50-year-old man with thymoma and PRCA associated with Good syndrome who achieved complete PRCA remission after thymectomy and postoperative immunosuppressive therapy, and provide a review of the pertinent literature.