• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.52-63
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore and understand why and how elementary school students do their makeup. An interview with 13 sixth grade female students attending an elementary school in Seoul was conducted to identify the reasons, learning routes, and purchasing patterns related to their makeup purchase and use. The results of this qualitative analysis showed that the girls were influenced to start wearing makeup by friends or family members, such as sisters and mothers. The students thought that their faces were ugly before they did makeup. They thought they became more beautiful and they were pleased after makeup. Elementary school students mostly reported that they used sunscreen, sun cushion with a whitening function, and lip tint. Some students also used a concealer to cover their flaws. They learned the methods of makeup by watching YouTube videos and from friends. They showed different purchasing patterns depending on the type of cosmetics they buy. They reported that their parents often bought their basic cosmetics such as lotions, and creams, while they tend to use their own money to purchase cosmetics for makeup.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.346-359
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine students' reasons and standards for purchasing their casual upper garments through online shoppin. A questionnaire composed of 26 items in five-point Likert type (14 items for measuring reasons, and 12 items for measuring standards for their purchase) was administered. The subjects were 422 male and female students attending middle schools, high schools and colleges located in the metropolitan region of Daegu. For a statistical analysis, a $3{\times}2$ two way ANOVA design (3 levels of schools: middle school, high school and college and 2 sexes: male and female) was involved, and Turkey's HFD multiple comparisons were made. The results showed that the reasons for students' purchasing casual upper garments through online shopping malls were as follows: quality, availability of discount coupons and points, other benefits such as special promotions, gifts, the easy return of goods and refunds, and also no trial of wearing shirts even at off-line stores. Significant differences in purchasing reasons through online shopping were found among middle schoo, high school and college students. There were also significant differences between male and female students mostly found in three variations of purchasing reasons: ease of availability of garments in contemporary fashion, convenient shopping without any restriction on time, and the decision to purchase with help from consumers' recommendations. Significant differences among middle school, high school and college students were found in the following standards for the students' decision to purchase their casual upper garments through online shopping: affordability, color, design, style, payment safety, and ease of maintenance (cleaning and ironing). Differences between male and female students were found to be significant in the following categories: affordability, fashionable, brand name, free delivery, product quality, coordination with other clothes, and consumers' recommendations on the products concerned.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.239-262
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• 2010

This study looks at the patterns of married women's lifestyles and verifies whether there are differences in their preferences, the will to continue shopping, and the importance of healthy foods. The paper analyzes the relative influence of each lifestyle pattern on the level of satisfaction with healthy foods. The results of the analysis of this study are as follows. To find patterns in the lifestyles of married women ages 20s to 50s, the factors were analyzed and five lifestyle patterns were extracted: health managing type, fashion pursuing type, self-expressing type, family-oriented type, and eco-friendly type. If we examine the purchasing of healthy foods for each lifestyle, women with a self-expressing lifestyle gain more information from news articles, books, and salespeople than from other information sources. Women of the health managing, family-oriented, and eco-friendly types had high purchasing frequencies and amounts. A cluster analysis was carried out to categorize the different groups being investigated into lifestyle types. They were categorized into the four clusters: active multiple-oriented type; fashion, self-expressing compromising type; passive well-being oriented type; and family and health managing type. It has been verified that there are differences among the clusters in terms of the level of importance of products, contributions to health, as well as distribution and management of healthy foods. To be more specific, the level of importance of the products as well as their distribution and management manifested as being higher among the active multiple-oriented type and the family-oriented and health managing types. The level of importance of contributions to health scored high among all groups, except the passive well-being oriented type. The active multiple-oriented type and the family-oriented and health managing types showed a high level of preference and will to continue purchasing healthy foods, while the fashion and self-expressing compromising types and passive well-being oriented type showed a low level of preference and will. In order to find patterns in the level of satisfaction with healthy foods, three factors were analyzed: credibility of labels, contributions to health, and satisfaction with the store. The factors that had the greatest influence on the total level of satisfaction was the credibility of labels for the family-oriented lifestyle; a product's contribution to health for the health managing lifestyle; and the store for the fashion pursuing lifestyle.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.137-156
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the general status of wearing clothes and clothing purchase of middle-aged women in the 40's to 50's, the patterns and colors of clothes they prefer, clothing preference related with fitting or such, and also complaints. And this paper also divides the middle-aged women into those in the 40's and 50's to analyze how they differ in terms of the apparel brands and fitting they prefer and also the status of wearing clothes. For the research, a survey was performed to 350 women, and the survey data went through x2 and t-test analysis by using SPSS 20.0 to examine significant difference. The results of this study are as follows: the women in the 40's included as the subjects showed a high frequency of clothing purchase from casual brands or SPA brands and regarded design to be important at the clothing purchase. Meanwhile, the women in the 50's indicated a higher frequency of clothing purchase of middle-aged women's apparel brands, outdoor brands, madam clothes, or designer brands and thought activity to be crucial at the clothing purchase. As the women in the 40's and 50's showed difference in the brands they preferred, particularly the fitting indicated difference in terms of dissatisfaction. While those in the 40's preferring and buying young casual showed particularly more fitting problems in the arm-hole girth, upper arm circumference, bust size, and thigh or hip area, those in the 50's indicated fitting problems in the hip circumference or waist measurement. It is expected that this study will be used as foundational data to set up the target age by related apparel companies or develop clothes with great size fitting and design satisfaction.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.661-672
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• 2015

In this study, nine scarf designs expected to be effective for accent design for the fashion style of new senior women were suggested by reflecting purchase behavior and scarf preference after conducting surveys and an analysis by targeting 136 new senior women in order to propose scarf design-matching with the preferences of new seniors. As a result of the study on the scarf purchase features of new seniors, it was revealed that the purchase time for scarves was mainly autumn and winter, even though it is regardless of season, and in spring and summer, they seldom purchased scarves. The purchase frequency was four times a year, and what they first thought of at the time of purchase was represented in the order of color, design, and the material of the scarf. They most preferred department stores, mixed and achromatic colors, cotton and silk fabrics, natural and geometric patterns, and long scarves of a rectangular shape. In the case of the consumer attributes of scarves, it was revealed that $50^{th}$ desired more individuality-oriented, unique scarf designs than $60^{th}$, and $60^{th}$ desired scarf designs with convenient management considering others' attention compared with $50^{th}$. As concepts for scarf designs, the aspects of individuality, co-existence, and maturity were extracted by reflecting the features of new senior women, and a total of nine scarf designs were suggested by developing three sub-designs for each concept.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.7-13
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• 2019

As online shopping is activated by the development of the Internet, consumers' purchase form is changing from the traditional face-to-face purchase method to online purchase method. Many sellers have flowed into shopping malls, and competition among sellers is very intense. Therefore, sellers in shopping malls need to establish rational marketing strategies by analyzing consumer purchase patterns and product sales trends. In this paper, we analyzed the purchase price of consumers by analyzing the product price, rating, and sales quantity of competitors who sell the same product in open shopping malls by time zone. In addition, the collected information was visualized in a chart so that the company's and competitors' sales trends could be easily compared. Using the above system, it is possible to predict the sales volume through the analyzed purchasing pattern and to select the reasonable price of the product by grasping the sales trend.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.189-207
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• 2022

Fashion companies and brands' marketing activities focus on resolving environmental problems; however, these companies' efforts, there are some examples of so-called "greenwashing". This paper aims to analyze different perceptions of brand authenticity, green marketing, and purchase intention toward the brand before and after exposure to case information about greenwashing. A total of 211 data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Respondents were asked to respond to same questionnaires related to green marketing and the brand authenticity before and after their exposure to greenwashing information. The study participants' perceptions of green marketing from the brand were statistically significantly negatively changed after exposure compared to before exposure. Similar patterns in results were found in the context of consumers' perception of brand authenticity (genuineness, originality, and consistency), and purchase intention. The originality of this study is in evaluating consumers' perception of greenwashing focused on brand authenticity. The findings of the study suggest that if a fashion brand's green marketing activity is perceived as greenwashing by consumers, the perceptions of green marketing, brand authenticity, and purchase intention can all decline. It is suggested that fashion brands need to develop a sincere and truthful green marketing campaigns to keep and enhance their brand authenticity.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.55-69
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• 2004

This study analyzes customer buying-behavior patterns in a department store as time goes on, and predicts moving patterns of its customers. Through them, it suggests in this paper short-term and long-term marketing promotion strategies. RFM techniques are utilized for customer segmentation. Customers are clustered by using the Kohonen's Self Organizing Map as a method of data mining techniques. Then C5.0, a decision tree analysis technique, is used to predict moving patterns of customers. Using real world data, this study evaluates the prediction accuracy of predictive models.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.97-110
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine the use and purchase patterns, design and satisfaction degree, and desired performance of boardsailing suits. The subjects were 266 boardsailing athletes and lovers. The results were as follows; (1) The demand of boardsailing suits for spring and autumn was larger than that for the other seasons. (2) The order of influencing power in purchasing boardsailing suits was fitness, textile material, design, color, cost, and brand. (3) Preference of design was one piece style and preference of pattern was character pattern. Additionally, the study on Korean patterns was demanded for international games like Olympics. (4) The order of satisfaction degree of currently used boardsailing suits was activity, size, design, material, sewing, color, pattern, and ease of wearing and taking off. (5) For the performance of boardsailing suits materials, the estimated values of absorbency, water repellency, dye fastness, biological resistance, weight, handle, air permeability, durability, and elasticity were much lower than the importance values.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.778-790
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• 2012

This research categorizes and analyzes different online fashion store studies conducted over the past 10 years based on study type. The results are as follows. First, it was found that 116 studies out of 118 studies on online fashion stores conducted from 2000 to 2012 were based on PC web. Second, the studies on PC web-based fashion stores were reclassified into 9 different categories based on their topics: purchase behavior, word-of-mouth behavior, website, and product information presentation as well as products for sale, return behavior, customer service, system, present condition, marketing strategy, and promotions. However, mobile web-based studies were categorized into 2 categories of introduction of the fashion stores and purchase behavior. Third, we reclassified the studies chronologically to observe studies conducted at different times. In the early phase (in addition to studies on purchase behavior) studies on present condition, marketing strategy, and website constituted the majority of studies conducted because the field research was just starting to grow; however, studies conducted in the latter phase showed new patterns of study, such as word-of-mouth effect, and return behavior. Future studies conducted on competitive PC web-based fashion stores require a more specific classification of studies (according to their purpose) to develop an effective marketing strategy.