• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2001

The ultrasonic pulse velocity test has a strong potential to be developed into a very useful and relatively inexpensive in-place test for assuring the quality of concrete placed in structure. The main problem in realizing this potential is that the relationship between compressive strength ad ultrasonic pulse velocity is uncertain and concrete is an inherently variable material. The objective of this study is to improve the reliability of in-place concrete strength predictions by ultrasonic pulse velocity method. Experimental cement content, s/a rate, and curing condition of concrete. Accuracy of the prediction expressed in empirical formula are examined by multiple regression analysis and linear regression analysis and practical equation for estimation the concrete strength are proposed. Multiple regression model uses water-cement ratio cement content s/a rate, and pulse velocity as dependent variables and the compressive strength as an independent variable. Also linear regression model is used to only pulse velocity as dependent variables. Comparing the results of the analysis the proposed equation expressed highest reliability than other previous proposed equations.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2001

The non-destructive tests are widely used to predict the strength of existing structures. The purpose of the present study is to propose the prediction equations for strength evaluation of concrete structures. The present study focuses on the rebound method and ultrasonic pulse velocity method for quartzite aggregate concrete. The major test variables include the water-cement ratio and curing methods. The water-cement ratio are 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, respectively and the curing method covers ail-dry condition and standard curing condition. The prediction equations for strength of concrete are proposed from the present test data.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1997

The major object of this study is to analyze and investigate experimentally the experimenal equation for the estimate of compressive strength of concrete. The results are as follows. The relation between maturity scaled logarithm and compressive strength of concrete can be expressed in liner equation which show an good correlation. And combined method using rebound number, pulse velocity and water cement ratio also show an excellent correlation. The equation by combined method is same as the conclusions.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.785-802
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• 2013

Ready-mixed soil material, known as a kind of controlled low-strength material, is a new way of soil cement combination. It can be used as backfill materials. In this paper, artificial neural network and nonlinear regression approach were applied to predict the compressive strength of ready-mixed soil material containing Portland cement, slag, sand, and soil in mixture. The data used for analyzing were obtained from our testing program. In the experiment, we carried out a mix design with three proportions of sand to soil (e.g., 6:4, 5:5, and 4:6). In addition, blast furnace slag partially replaced cement to improve workability, whereas the water-to-binder ratio was fixed. Testing was conducted on samples to estimate its engineering properties as per ASTM such as flowability, strength, and pulse velocity. Based on testing data, the empirical pulse velocity-strength correlation was established by regression method. Next, three topologies of neural network were developed to predict the strength, namely ANN-I, ANN-II, and ANN-III. The first two models are back-propagation feed-forward networks, and the other one is radial basis neural network. The results show that the compressive strength of ready-mixed soil material can be well-predicted from neural networks. Among all currently proposed neural network models, the ANN-I gives the best prediction because it is closest to the actual strength. Moreover, considering combination of pulse velocity and other factors, viz. curing time, and material contents in mixture, the proposed neural networks offer better evaluation than interpolated from pulse velocity only.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 학회창립 10주년 기념 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.651-654
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• 1999

It is required that the compressive strength of concrete should be estimated accurately from the view point of efficient quality control and maintenance of buildings. In this paper, the equations to estimate the compressive strength of concrete using granite aggregates were suggested for both rebound hammer method and ultrasonic pulse velocity method. The results were compared with those for different age or curing condition. The rebound numbers for concrete cured in air were larger than for concrete cured in water. The difference between rebound numbers for concrete cured in water and in air was larger than for concrete cured in water. The difference between rebound numbers for concrete cured in water and in air was larger when water cement ratio was high. Also, with the increase of age, the velocity of ultrasonic pulse for concrete cured in air was measured larger when compared with that in water.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1992년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.41-46
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• 1992

A potential use of superplasticizing admixture is to produce structural concrete of High-strength concrete,. By using a superplasticizer, more workable mixes can be achieved while permitting a high cement content and a low water/cement ratio both of which are necessary to obtain high strength by conventional manufacturing technique. In this study, therefore, high strength concrete having a 28-day strength in excess of 650kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ can be obtained using a superplasticzer. However, before such a high strength concrete is recommended for use, engineering properties have to be assessed. This study is aimed to analyze and investigate the engineering properties, such as strength, elasticity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, rebound value of superplasticized concrete having a various cement content.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2016

본 연구는 고로슬래그 미분말 (GGBFS),플라이애시 (FA) 그리고 실리카 퓸( SF)을 각각 세 종류와 네 종류로 시멘트와 혼합한 다성분계 시멘트의 특성 연구에 관한 것이다. 물-결합재 비는 0.45 이다. 본 연구에서는 혼화재료를 시멘트의 50%와 60% 비율의 두 가지로 치환하였으며, 각 배합에 대해서 GGBFS는 20~40%, FA는 5~35% 그리고 SF는 0~10%를 배합하여 기초특성에 관한 실험을 수행하였다. GGBFS/FA 비와 SF 치환율에 따른 다성분계 시멘트에 대해 압축강도, 물 흡수율, 초음파 속도 (UPV), 건조수축 그리고 XRD 분석을 수행하였다. 실험결과 SF를 치환함에 따라 흡수율은 감소하고 압축강도, UPV와 건조수축은 증가하였다. 이러한 압축강도, 흡수율 그리고 UPV 등의 결과는 SF의 혼합률이 증가함에 따라 용출된 수산화칼슘을 소비하여 CSH의 형성에 기여하기 때문이다. 각 SF 혼합률에서 GGBFS/FA 비가 증가함에 따라 강도, 흡수율 그리고 UPV도 증가하였다. GGBFS/FA 비와 강도, 흡수율, UPV는 선형적인 관계를 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통해 GGBFS/FA비와 SF 치환율은 다성분계 시멘트의 기초 특성에 중요한 요소임을 발견할 수 있었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.631-647
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• 2012

This paper focuses on the application of Fuller's ideal gradation curve to theoretically design blended ratio of all solid materials of high performance concrete (HPC), with the aid of error function, and then to study the effect of rice husk ash (RHA) on the performance of HPC. The residual RHA, generated when burning rice husk pellets at temperatures varying from 600 to $800^{\circ}C$, was collected at steam boilers in Vietnam. The properties of fresh and hardened concrete are reviewed. It is possible to obtain the RHA concrete with comparable or better properties than those of the specimen without RHA with lower cement consumption. High flowing concrete designed by the proposed method was obtained without bleeding or segregation. The application of the proposed method for HPC can save over 50% of the consumption of cement and limit the use of water. Its strength efficiency of cement in HPC is 1.4-1.9 times higher than that of the traditional method. Local standards of durability were satisfied at the age of 91 days both by concrete resistivity and ultrasonic pulse velocity.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.95-105
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• 1996

This study was performed to evaluate the mechanical properties of permeable polymer concrete using fillers and unsaturated polyester resin. The following conclusions were drawn; 1. The unit weight was in the range of 1, 663~ l, 892kg/$cm^3$, the weights of those concrete were decreased 18~28% than that of the normal cement concrete. 2. The highest strength was achieved by fly ash filled permeable polymer concrete, it was increased 22% by compressive strength, 190% by tensile strength and 192% by bending strength than that of the normal cement concrete, respectively. 3. The external strength of permeable pipe was in the range of 3, 083~3, 793kg/m, the external strengths of those concrete were increased 2~26% than that of the normal cement concrete. Accordingly, these permeable polymer concrete pipe can be used to the members and structures which need external strength. 4. The static modulus of elasticity was in the range of $5.7{\times} 10^4 ~ 15.4{\times} 10{^4}kg/cm^2 $, which was approximately 35~64% of that of the normal cement concrete. Fly ash filled permeable polymer concrete was showed relatively higher elastic modulus. The poisson's number of permeable polymer concrete was less than that of the normal cement concrete. 5. The dynamic modulus of elasticity was in the range of $83{\times} 10^3 ~ 211{\times} 10{^3}kg/cm^2 $, which was approximately Ins compared to that of the normal cement concrete. Fly ash filled permeable polymer concrete was showed higher dynamic modulus. The dynamic modulus of elasticity were increased approximately 22~45% than that of the static modulus. 6. The ultrasonic pulse velocity was in the range of 2, 584 ~ 3, 587m/sec, . which was showed about the same compared to that of the normal cement concrete. Fly ash filled permeable polymer concrete was in the range of$0.58~8.88 {\ell}/cm^2/hr$, , and it was larglely dependent upon the mixing ratio. These concrete can be used to the structures which need water permeability.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2020

In this paper the possibility of using different regression models to predict the mechanical properties of limestone concrete after exposure to high temperatures, based on the results of non-destructive techniques, that could be easily used in-situ, is discussed. Extensive experimental work was carried out on limestone concrete mixtures, that differed in the water to cement (w/c) ratio, the type of cement and the quantity of superplasticizer added. After standard curing, the specimens were exposed to various high temperature levels, i.e., 200℃, 400℃, 600℃ or 800℃. Before heating, the reference mechanical properties of the concrete were determined at ambient temperature. After the heating process, the specimens were cooled naturally to ambient temperature and tested using non-destructive techniques. Among the mechanical properties of the specimens after heating, known also as the residual mechanical properties, the residual modulus of elasticity, compressive and flexural strengths were determined. The results show that residual modulus of elasticity, compressive and flexural strengths can be reliably predicted using an artificial neural network approach based on ultrasonic pulse velocity, residual surface strength, some mixture parameters and maximal temperature reached in concrete during heating.