• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2024

While arterial tone is generally determined by the phosphorylation of Ser¹⁹ in myosin light chain (p-MLC2), Thr¹⁸/Ser¹⁹ diphosphorylation of MLC2 (pp-MLC2) has been suggested to hinder the relaxation of smooth muscle. In a dual-wire myography of rodent pulmonary artery (PA) and mesenteric artery (MA), we noticed significantly slower relaxation in PA than in MA after 80 mM KCl-induced condition (80K-contraction). Thus, we investigated the MLC2 phosphorylation and the expression levels of its regulatory enzymes; soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), Rho-A dependent kinase (ROCK) and myosin light chain phosphatase target regulatory subunit (MYPT1). Immunoblotting showed higher sGC-α and ROCK2 in PA than MA, while sGC-β and MYPT1 levels were higher in MA than in PA. Interestingly, the level of pp-MLC2 was higher in PA than in MA without stimulation. In the 80K-contraction state, the levels of p-MLC2 and pp-MLC2 were commonly increased. Treatment with the ROCK inhibitor (Y27632, 10 µM) reversed the higher pp-MLC2 in PA. In the myography study, pharmacological inhibition of sGC (ODQ, 10 µM) slowed relaxation during washout, which was more pronounced in PA than in MA. The simultaneous treatment of Y27632 and ODQ reversed the impaired relaxation in PA and MA. Although treatment of PA with Y27632 alone could increase the rate of relaxation, it was still slower than that of MA without Y27632 treatment. Taken together, we suggest that the higher ROCK and lower MYPT in PA would have induced the higher level of MLC2 phosphorylation, which is responsible for the characteristic slow relaxation in PA.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.234-235
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• 1993

We have experienced a case of congenital heart disease who developed pulmonaryaspergilloma and then had open heart surgery associated with pulmonary resection. A 53 year old female patient was admitted of fever and chill without cyanosis and hemoptysis. Chest CT showed cavitary lesion with enhanced wall in right midle lung and huge pulmonary artery. Secundum atrial septal defect was identified by echocardiography and catheterization, preoperatively. The patient was identified finally as atrial septal defect associated with pulmonary aspergilloma, in operation and pathology.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.402-406
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• 1994

Behcet`s disease is a rare systemic disease of unknown cause and it is a progressive disorder with episodes of activity and remission. The major features are oral and genital ulceration and skin and eye lesions. Pulmonary involvement is rare, and we have experienced a 38 year old female patient who had undergone right lower lobe lobectomy due to extensive, rapidly growing pulmonary thromboemboli and pseudoaneurysm in pulmonary artery.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제74권2호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of pulmonary function impairment (PFI) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), and the effect of pneumoconiosis on CAC or PFI. Methods: Seventy-six subjects exposed to inorganic dusts underwent coronary artery calcium scoring by MDCT, spirometry, laboratory tests, and a standardized questionnaire. CAC was quantified using a commercial software (Rapidia ver. 2.8), and all the subjects were divided into two categories according to total calcium scores (TCSs), either the non-calcified (<1) or the calcified (${\geq}1$) group. Obstructive pulmonary function impairment (OPFI) was defined as forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ($FEV_1$/FVC, %)<70, and as $FEV_1$/FVC (%){\geq}70 and FVC<80 for restrictive pulmonary function impairment (RPFI) by spirometry. All subjects were classified as either the case (profusion${\geq}1/0$) or the control (profusion${\leq}0/1$) group by pneumoconiosis findings on simple digital radiograph. Results: Of the 76 subjects, 35 subjects (46.1%) had a CAC. Age and hypertension were different significantly between the non-calcified and the calcified group (p<0.05). Subjects with pneumoconiosis were more frequent in the calcified group than those in the non-calcified group (p=0.099). $FEV_1$/FVC (%) was significantly correlated with TCSs (r=-0.316, p=0.005). Subjects with OPFI tended to increase significantly with increasing of TCS (4.82, p=0.028), but not significantly in RPFI (2.18, p=0.140). Subjects with OPFI were significantly increased in the case group compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: CAC is significantly correlated with OPFI, and CAC and OPFI may be affected by pneumoconiosis findings.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 1982

The present study was performed to evaluate hemodynamic effects on the pericardial patch graft for stenosis of right ventricle outflow tract in 19 patients of tetralogy of Fallot. The stenosis of right ventricle outflow tract was associated with or without pulmonary annular nar-rowing, pulmonary valvular stenosis, and hypoplastic narrowing of pulmonary artery. Total correction of tetralogy of Fallot was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass with moderate hypothermia and cardioplegic cardiac arrest. Ventricular septal defects were closed with Teflon patch graft. The chamber pressures in the heart were measured before and after a total correction of tetralogy of Fallot. The data of pressure measurement and the results of postoperative observation of pericardial patch were as followings: 1. Systolic and diastolic pressure of right ventricle was decreased after operation from $96.0{\pm}14.7/10.0{\pm}14.4mmHg$ to $61.0{\pm}13.1/8.0{\pm}9.3mmHg$. 2. Systolic and diastolic pressure of pulmonary artery was increased after operation from $18.0{\pm}5.6/10.0{\pm}5.5mmHg$ to $31.0{\pm}10.7/14.0{\pm}4.9mmHg$. 3. Preoperative pressure gradient between right ventricle and pulmonary artery was decreased immediately after operation from 78.0mmHg to 30.0mmHg. 4. It was observed that excellent widening effects of right ventricle outflow tract was resulted from pericardial patch graft. 5. No postoperative bleeding from pericardial patch graft was observed. 6. Aneurysm formation of pericardial patch was not be observed during 1 to 6 years postoperative periods.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.536-539
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• 2008

52세 여자는 승용차 조수석에 앉아가다가 타차와 충돌후 다발성 늑골골절과 혈기흉과 함께 다량의 출혈을 야기한 우측 전완의 절단에 가까운 손상을 입었다. 응급실에 도착시 명료하지 못한 의식과 저혈압의 소견을 보였다. 혈액량 감소 쇼크로 판단되어 다량의 혈액과 수액을 급속수액주입기(레벨 1)를 이용하여 좌측 쇄골하정맥관을 통해 주입하였다. 폐좌상의 소견이 호전되었을 때 일반 흉부 X선 사진의 좌폐야에 이물질이 확인되었다. 폐동맥조영술에서 15 cm 정도의 이물질이 좌측 폐기저동맥에 있었다. 경피적 중재시술을 통해 혈관 겸자로 잡아 제거할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.793-797
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• 1987

Coronary artery fistula is an uncommon congenital heart defect that is readily amenable to surgical treatment. This fistula usually originates from the right coronary artery, but may arise from the left coronary artery, both coronary arteries, or single coronary artery. And the fistulous communication is most often to right ventricle, right atrium or pulmonary artery. Recently we experienced one case of congenital coronary artery fistula which was associated with patent ductus arteriosus. The fistulous communication, forming aneurysmal dilatation, was noted between the left anterior descending coronary artery and the right ventricular outflow tract. Cardiopulmonary bypass was employed in this case. After an arteriotomy was made on the aneurysmal coronary artery, both the proximal opening and the termination site of the fistulous tract were directly closed with partial aneurysmorrhaphy. The right ventricular chamber was also opened to evaluate the fistulous termination site. Postoperative hospital course of the patient was uneventful and she was discharged without problems.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.441-447
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• 2016

Despite the complex vascular effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX), its actions on human pulmonary resistance arteries remain unknown. The present study tested the hypothesis that DEX inhibits vascular tension in human pulmonary arteries through the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mediated production of nitric oxide (NO). Pulmonary artery segments were obtained from 62 patients who underwent lung resection. The direct effects of DEX on human pulmonary artery tension and changes in vascular tension were determined by isometric force measurements recorded on a myograph. Arterial contractions caused by increasing concentrations of serotonin with DEX in the presence or absence of L-NAME (endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), yohimbine (${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor antagonist) and indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) as antagonists were also measured. DEX had no effect on endothelium-intact pulmonary arteries, whereas at concentrations of $10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}mol/L$, it elicited contractions in endothelium-denuded pulmonary arteries. DEX (0.3, 1, or $3{\times}10^{-9}mmol/L$) inhibited serotonin-induced contraction in arteries with intact endothelium in a dose-dependent manner. L-NAME and yohimbine abolished DEX-induced inhibition, whereas indomethacin had no effect. No inhibitory effect was observed in endothelium-denuded pulmonary arteries. DEX-induced inhibition of vasoconstriction in human pulmonary arteries is mediated by NO production induced by the activation of endothelial ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor and nitric oxide synthase.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.202-217
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• 2022

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital vascular disease in which interventional radiologists can play both diagnostic and therapeutic roles in patient management. The diagnosis of pulmonary AVM is simple and can usually be made based on CT images. Endovascular treatment, that is, selective embolization of the pulmonary artery feeding the nidus of the pulmonary AVM, and/or selectively either the nidus or draining vein, has become a first-line treatment with advances in interventional devices. However, some vascular diseases can simulate pulmonary AVMs on CT and pulmonary angiography. This subset can confuse interventional radiologists and referring physicians. Vascular mimickers of pulmonary AVM have not been widely known and described in detail in the literature, although some of these require surgical correction, while others require regular follow-up. This article reviews the clinical and radiologic features of pulmonary AVMs and their mimickers.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.1207-1211
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• 2003

목 적 : RDS가 있는 미숙아에서 질병의 심한 정도와 폐동맥압 및 혈중 L-arginine 농도와는 어떤 연관이 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : RDS로 인공 환기요법을 시행 받은 재태기간 37주 미만 미숙아 21명을 대상으로 하여 제 1병일, 제 3병일, 제 7병일에 혈액을 채취하여 혈중 L-arginine 농도를 측정하였다. 혈액채취와 동일한 시기에 호흡곤란 증후군의 중등도를 나타내는 지수로서 OI를 산출하였고, 도플러 심초음파를 이용하여 RVSTI를 측정하여 폐동맥압의 지표로 삼았다. OI와 혈중 L-arginine 농도 및 RVSTI 간의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 결 과 : 1) OI가 클수록 RDS 미숙아의 혈중 L-arginine 농도는 낮았다(r=-0.346, P<0.01). 2) OI가 클수록 RVSTI도 증가되었다(r=0.772, P<0.01). 3) RVSTI가 커지면 RDS 증후군 미숙아의 혈중 L-arginine 농도는 낮았다(r=-0.416, P<0.01). 결 론 : RDS가 있는 미숙아에서 질병이 심할수록 혈중 L-arginine 농도는 낮고, 폐동맥압은 높았으며, 폐동맥압이 높을수록 혈중 L-arginine 농도는 낮은 관계를 보였다.