• Health Policy and Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.107-129
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to critically examine Korean government's efforts in policy making and implementation regarding the Korea National Health Insurance System in the past and suggest a new paradigm for future policy changes. The structural and political characteristics of the Korea National Health Insurance, where health care services are provided almost exclusively by the private providers and funding for health comes equally from public and private sources, imply persistent difficulties in the operation of the system This may partially explain why the Korean system has continually experienced conflicts among stakeholders whenever there was an attempt to change policy. In this paper, we discuss four cases to illustrate such difficulties and barriers. We propose that in order to address these challenges and reduce policy errors as well as unintended results, it is necessary to restructure policy making process from being oriented toward 'quantitative expansion' to 'qualitative maturity', from a 'linear thinking' to a 'system thinking', from taking a 'top-down' to a 'governance and participatory' decision making process.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.529-544
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• 2021

Background and objective: A great deal of previous research has highlighted the value of educational and cultural facilities embedded in housing prices, by taking a large spatial area as the focus, such as the city or district level. However, few studies have investigated the extent to which educational and cultural facilities influence the formation of housing prices from an accessibility perspective. This study aims to identify the value of educational and cultural facilities embedded in the housing prices in Seoul Metropolitan City with a focus on the concept of the residents' neighbourhood and accessibility. Methods: To this end, this research used a spatial regression model with educational and cultural facilities as the independent variables and housing prices as the dependent variable. The model assessed the accessibility of cultural and educational facilities by considering geographic effects. Results: The findings are as follows. First, the spatial error model was found to be the best fit for multi-unit housing, while the spatial lag model was more appropriate for single-unit housing and apartments. Second, private educational facilities and art museums had positive effects on single- and multi-unit housing prices, while historical sites had a negative effect. Finally, private educational facilities positively influenced apartment prices, whereas public libraries and urban park areas had a negative effect. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the accessibility of educational and cultural facilities reflects residents' preferences and needs, which will ultimately influence housing prices.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.3-13
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• 2012

Japan came to result in enacting and enforcing the law on rationalization of service pertinent to the Private Detective Service Law in order to rationalize the illegal service realities of private detective service dealers and detective agencies, which were flooded in 2006. Since the enactment of the law, the problems are still taking place in relation to Japanese private detective service as of 2012. However, Japan's regulatory agencies can be known to revise the corresponding statute and to make effort to improve consciousness of agencies in order to improve these problems. Accordingly, it can be considered to be great in implication as for our country's introduction of private investigation service in the future. Arranging these contents, they are as follows. First, it is improvement in problems related to other statutes according to performance of private detective service. Second, it is reinforcement in management of private detective service violators. Third, it is propulsion of rationalization in cost according to a contract of private detective service. Accordingly, it can be considered to be necessary for being newly legislated at the 19th National Assembly from the perspective dubbed development and social right f unction in private investigation industry, by further supplementing Japan's these problems and arranging improvement plans so that the corresponding service called private detective service can do more public function in society.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.6 s.78
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• pp.105-116
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• 2005

This study investigated various alternatives for childcare among dual-earner families and discussed implications for public policy development. Eight employed married women and two of their husbands were interviewed about work-family balance. All the interviewees complained that taking cue of the children in dual-earner families is a challenge. They resort to all available alternatives because public childcare support is insufficient and inadequate. There were five different types chilcare: extended family network, public and private institutions, paid help (nannies), rearranging work schedules, and training their children to take cue of themselves. However, all these alternatives entail various problems. More and better childcare facilities and programs should be built and after-school programs should be designed. On the other hand, parents should also make more effort to prioritize children's needs in finding a balance between work and family.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1109-1122
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• 2016

Certificateless public key cryptography is a technique that can solve the certificate management problem of a public key cryptosystem and clear the key escrow issue of ID-based cryptography using the public key in user ID. Although the studies were actively in progress, many existing schemes have been designed without taking into account the safety of the secret value with the decryption key exposure attacks. If previous secret values and decryption keys are exposed after replacing public key, a valid private key can be calculated by obtaining the partial private key corresponding to user's ID. In this paper, we propose a new security model which ensures the security against the key exposure attacks and show that several certificateless public key encryption schemes are insecure in the proposed security model. In addition, we design a certificateless public key encryption scheme to be secure in the proposed security model and prove it based on the DBDH(Decisional Bilinear Diffie-Hellman) assumption.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.07b
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• pp.669-672
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• 2000

This paper deals with cryptography by applying RSA and Petri nets. Firstly, we introduce RSA cryptography and a Petri net based private-key cryptography. Then we propose a new public-key cryptography, Petri Net based Public-Key Cryptography dented as PNPKC, by taking the advantages of these two proposed cryptographys and give an example to show how to apply PNPKC. Finally, we do the comparison between RSA cryptography and PNPKC on security as well as computation order. As the results, the security of PNPKC is as strong as RSA cryptography and further the encryption and decryption of PNPKC are in average 210 times as fast as RSA cryptography from our experimental data.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.377-388
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• 2022

The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of competition on the performance of Indian banks. The survey includes banks from both the public and private sectors. The study will collect data for four years, from 2015 to 2019. Dynamic and static panel data are applied to estimate the association between competition and the bank's performance. Profitability and risk-taking are the performance measures used in the study. The study's main findings are that competition does not impact the banks' profitability in India. However, the findings concerning risk-taking are mixed. Therefore, it can be inferred that overall competition does not impact the banks' performance in India. Other measures of performance of the banks could have been used in the study. It is a limitation to use data of four years. Data for a much more extended period could have also been used. This is one of the few papers on the subject. Therefore, its contribution is very significant. The gap in studies on the topic of competition versus performance of the banks is veritably filled by the current study's findings.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.239-246
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• 2021

This article substantiates the scientific provisions for modelling the level of Ukraine's public financial security taking into account the impact of budget policy, in the process of which identified indicators of budget policy that significantly affect the public financial security and the factors of budget policy based on regression analysis do not interact closely with each other. A seven-factor regression equation is constructed, which is statistically significant, reliable, economically logical, and devoid of autocorrelation. The objective function of maximizing the level of public financial security is constructed and strategic guidelines of budget policy in the context of Ukraine's public financial security are developed, in particular: optimization of the structure of budget revenues through the expansion of the resource base; reduction of the budget deficit while ensuring faster growth rates of state and local budget revenues compared to their expenditures; optimization of debt serviced from the budget through raising funds from the sale of domestic government bonds, mainly on a long-term basis; minimization of budgetary risks and existing threats to the public financial security by ensuring long-term stability of budgets etc.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Since the first confirmed case in January 2020, Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has brought many changes to our society, and Korea is no exception. Some changes are direct and immediate such as restrictions on overseas travel and social distancing, but the others are indirect and slowly adapted such as lifestyle changes impacting industries and businesses. IT service sector is tremendously influenced by COVID-19. IT service is used extensively in response to COVID-19 taking advantage of its non-face-to-face characteristics. In that sense, the industry is positively affected and in some sense invigorated, giving birth to new kind of services. This special issue focuses on introducing how the IT services are affected, what kind of transformations are undergoing, and how these are expedited after COVID-19. This special issue expands and extends the case research section by collecting new IT service case studies concerning these topics. After competitive review process, 11 studies are selected for this special issue which deals with four different but closely related aspects: (1) evolutions of private IT services, (2) transformations in public IT services, (3) impacts in the hospitality and tourism industry, and (4) changes of people's behavior along with COVID-19. The first set reports on the evolution of private IT services that have created terms such as foodtech and edutech as we enter a rapid non-face-to-face situation. The second set consists of studies dealing with the evolution of public IT services. Evolution and rapid response to non-face-to-face appear to be no exception in the public sector. The third includes studies of hospitality and tourism which is most strongly affected by COVID-19. The last set deals with the behavioral changes of users such as technostress in telecommuting. Lessons learned through best practices and key problems identified in these studies may help us to actively respond to the coming waves of changes incurred by COVID-19 in our society as well as in the IT service industry.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.17
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• pp.337-360
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• 2008

Since the Cold war, many countries in the world have reduced the number of their military personnel. However, it is also factual that regional conflicts have been incessantly occurring around the world. In turn, specific governmental policies are also needed in certain countries. Recently, a resolution growingly accepted in the advanced countries is the outsourcing of the resources and services of private military companies, which benefits for governments to manage their military force efficaciously. The utilization of private military force, however, may potentially generate ethical and practical issues because of the non-specified international codes to regulate private military companies, the political misuse of private personnel without concerning the loss of public military employees in danger zones, the safety of private personnel in the field, and the possibility of genocide. Prior to accept a private military companies which may be adequate in the environment of the Korean military, it is necessary to review previous cases of foreign countries. In addition, it is also needed to determine the plausible boundaries of the operation of private military companies with taking into consideration of the situations of the Korean military and private business. Finally, the systemic governmental support is requested in order to foster the business of private military.