• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.209-233
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• 2017

Old-age public libraries constructed in the 1970s and 1980s are exposed to safety problems and user complaints due to facility aging. For this reasons, demands and in-depth discussions for the remodeling of old public libraries are on the rise. The Korean Committee on Library and Information Policy has set this issue as a major initiative, and local governments are also interested in establishing an action plan. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility for remodeling of 8 obsolete public libraries in Busan metropolitan city. In details, this study analyzes the libraries that need to be remodeled with the reasonable grounds, and suggests in what order and manner the remodeling should proceed. The data were collected from literature review, on site field survey, and questionnaire survey targeting librarians and library users. The final conclusions were verified through working-level meetings and experts' advise.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.291-297
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• 2016

Recently, foreign construction companies through the BIM-design have the effect of improving productivity and quality construction. On the other hand, domestic BIM-design is a little depressed because of lack of additional costs and professional personnel problem. The construction industry of recession, as reasons of construction market is downsizing. First must, enabling the design in public institutions, mainly BIM.. Design for BIM the construction sector, as well as an early stage actively introducing and spreading of the performance of him and domestic BIM technology should be able to promote the development. Public institutions in accordance with this study presented measures that can stimulate the BIM design on LH. To that end, the public agency's design were analyzed, and suggested the Improvement and Application of the four aspects for Modular Coordination BIM Design. Also, gradually formulate a "road map for public institutions applied design bim" in order to carry out the plans put forward and presented the expected effect of him. The proposed work was public institutions will be used as a pilot project in Korea Land Housing Corporation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

These days, design has been used a very useful means to achieve differentiated urban images and establish the identity of a city, and as an effort to specialize local industries through design, public design projects are competing one another. However, the projects have considerable negative effects because of diverse reasons such as unorganized procedures. For continuous and organized projects which meet demands of the interested persons of public design, reasonable design management should be introduced with a use of design as a strategic means of management Therefore, this study examined the concepts of design management and its meaning in space and analysed cases of implementing components for management of public design projects. It searched for the factors of design management indicating design-oriented management and presented a strategy model which complements design-oriented management. The results of the study are presented as follows: First, strategic implementing components needed for a space design management process were obtained. A design recognition process aimed at what space aims at and needed to identify active components such as physical and indigenous environment. A design inquiry process included problem solution considering characteristics of multi-dimensional space active components, design development considering behavioral functions of humans, checklists needed to complete design and necessary components to institutionalize design. For definition of project space, guideline projects of public design should be progressed in the same context as urban design, and developmental directions of public design needed design inquiry in terms of space to create various experiences in space.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.48-55
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• 2014

Indian railways has been regularly in the news albeit for the wrong reasons. The frequency with which train accidents have been taking place has led to serious doubts in the public mind about the safety of rail travel and also the health of the network. Against this background, an attempt is made in this paper to assess the trends in railway accidents for the period from 2000-01 to 2009-10. The paper also highlighted the various measures taken by IR to prevent accidents to ensure safety to the public.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2005

Recently much attention has been paid to the effect of neighborhood characteristics on the health of individuals, independent of individual demographic and/or socioeconomic characteristics. Although many empirical studies of a kind, mostly based on Western society, have appeared on various international journals, few studies have shown empirical evidence of neighborhood characteristics as an independent and significant risk factor of ill health in Korea. This paper discusses possible reasons that neighborhood seems to be neither significant nor substantial regarding its impact on the health of Koreans. Addressing the uniqueness of Korean society regarding the concept of neighborhood, attributes of neighborhoods, and methodological challenges, authors suggest that more sophisticated conceptual and methodological approach, specific to Korean society, should enable to reveal the effect of neighborhood characteristics on individual health in Korea.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Norovirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis and a common cause of foodborne and waterborne outbreaks. Norovirus outbreaks are responsible for economic losses, most notably to the public health and food industry field. Norovirus has characteristics such as low infectious dose, prolonged shedding period, strong stability, great diversity, and frequent genome mutations. Besides these characteristics, they are known for rapid and extensive spread in closed settings such as hospitals, hotels, and schools. Norovirus is well known as a major agent of food-poisoning in diverse settings in South Korea. For these reasons, nationwide surveillance for norovirus is active in both clinical and environmental settings in South Korea. Recent studies have reported the emergence of variants and novel recombinants of norovirus. In this review, we summarized studies on the molecular epidemiology and nationwide surveillance of norovirus in South Korea. This review will provide information for vaccine development and prediction of new emerging variants of norovirus in South Korea.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.11
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• pp.2956-2979
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• 2012

Along with the development of Information Technology, online transactions through Internet have become more popular for the reasons of convenience and efficiency. In order to provide secure and reliable online transactions, an effective electronic payment protocol is crucial. In this paper, we propose a novel electronic payment protocol for digital product transactions with an offline arbiter to achieve fair exchange, automated dispute resolution, customer anonymity, and customer unlinkability. In our protocol a product token is adopted to eliminate the need of key management for digital product decryption in the offline arbiter. In addition, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)-based self-certified public key is utilized to further reduce computing overheads. According to our analysis, the efficiency of our protocol can be greatly increased in comparison with previous literatures.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.73-92
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• 2014

Objectives: To provide basic data needed to develop national physical activity policy, this study was examined to identify the relationship among physical inactivity, physical activity, and chronic diseases. Methods: I have reviewed articles and research reports in relation to physical activity, health, and chronic disease published in national and international since 2005 through PubMed, RISS, and KISS. Results: physical activity should be the priority of public health for the prevention and management of chronic diseases as following reasons. 1) Prevalence of physical inactivity has been continuously increased. 2) There were strong evidences that sufficient physical activity could prevent and treat dozens of chronic diseases. Conclusions: Both central and local governments need to make the amount of physical activity to be increased by providing information and establishing a physical activity-friendly environment. Also, the local public health centers and the primary medical institutions are institutionally needed to counsel and prescribe every patient's exercise program at every visit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.44
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• pp.91-101
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine the hiphop fashion which has the leading power of 1990's korean fashion flow. Hiphop Fashion represents individuals' unique characters and their culture. Baggy jeans with extra large shirts, various accessories, and a unique coordination of these items that is all their own represents the style that is hiphop. There are three major reasons why hiphop fashion has become so popular in the 1990's. First, the popularity of hiphop music whose singers directly influence the public. Second, the popularity of sports and sporting heros. These athletes' sporty Hiphop looks has amply shown that are also leaders of the hiphop fashion. Third, mass media like TV and many publications, defivitely helped to quickly spread hiphop all over the world. Music only TV stations like MTV and StarTV are good examples. Fashion always tells us much - as every anthropologist knows - and a thoughtful analysis of hiphop will reveal many interesting, and perhaps even surprising things about the men and women who wear it.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2003

In spite of The exterior design of buildings has a remarkably significant value in terms of public aspect some exposed architectural equipments spoil the appearance of building. The design elements of exposed architectural equipments were partially changed and assessed in the semantic differential method. Thus the aesthetically favorable impression and values of public interest were able to be increased. The reasons why those hideous exposed architectural equipments were constructed, seemed to be as follows; the builders' selfishness, the citizens' ignorance and the immature social institutions that cannot restrict undesirable design efforts. Building equipments located outside are not classified as major elements in building regulations and thus can be installed and altered without any limitations even though they have great effects on the shape and colors of a building. So we have more interest in exposed architectural equipments and more deliberation of exterior design of a building.