• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1433-1436
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• 2016

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a major problem of health in Thailand, particularly in Northeastern and Northern regions, is generally incurable and rapidly lethal because of presentation in stage 3 or 4. Early diagnosis of stage 1 and 2 could allow better survival. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a distribution map of populations at risk for CCA in BuaYai district of Nakhon Ratchasima province, Northeast Thailand. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 10 sub-districts and 122 villages, during June and November 2015. The populations at risk for CCA were screened using the Korat CCA verbal screening test (KCVST) and then risk areas were displayed by using Google map (GM). Results: A total of 11,435 individuals from a 26,198 population completed the KCVST. The majority had a low score of risk for CCA (1-4 points; 93.3%). High scores with 6, 7 and 8 points accounted for 1.20%, 0.13% and 0.02%. The population at risk was found frequently in sub-district municipalities, followed by sub-district administrative organization and town municipalities, (F=396.220, P-value=0.000). Distribution mapping comprised 11 layers: 1, district; 2, local administrative organization; 3, hospital; 4, KCVST opisthorchiasis; 5, KCVST praziquantel used; 6, KCVST cholelithiasis; 7, KCVST raw fish consumption; 8, KCVST alcohol consumption; 9, KCVST pesticide used; 10, KCVST relative family with CCA; and 11, KCVST naive northeastern people. Geovisual display is now available online. Conclusions: This study indicated that the population at high risk of CCA in Bua Yai district is low, therefore setting a zero model project is possible. Key success factors for disease prevention and control need further study. GM production is suitable for further CCA surveillance and monitoring of the population with a high risk score in this area.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5829-5834
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• 2012

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Although different metabolic factors have been implicated in breast cancer development, the relationship between hypertension and breast cancer has not been elucidated. Aim: To evaluate hypertension as a risk factor for breast cancer in Chilean women of low and middle socio-economic status. Methods: We conducted an age-matched (1:1) case-control study in 3 hospitals in Santiago, Chile. Breast cancer cases (n=170) were histopathologically confirmed. Controls had been classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System I (negative) or II (benign findings) within 6 months of recruitment. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer and standardized procedures. We used 2 hypertension cut-off points: blood pressures of ${\geq}140/90$ mmHg and ${\geq}130/85$ mmHg. Fasting insulin and glucose levels were assessed, and anthropometric, sociodemographic, and behavioral information were collected. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated for the entire sample and restricted to postmenopausal women using multivariable conditional logistic regression models. Results: Hypertension (${\geq}140/90$ mmHg) was significantly higher in cases (37.1%) than controls (17.1%) for the entire sample and in postmenopausal pairs (44.0% compared to 23.8%). In crude and adjusted models, hypertensive women had a 4-fold increased risk of breast cancer (adjusted odds ratio: 4.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.8; 9.6) compared to non-hypertensive women in the entire sample. We found a similar association in the postmenopausal group (adjusted odds ratio: 2.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.1; 7.4). A significant effect was also observed when hypertension was defined as blood pressure of ${\geq}130/85$ mmHg. Conclusion: A significant association was found between hypertension and breast cancer over the entire sample and when restricted to postmenopausal women. Hypertension is highly prevalent in Latin America and may be a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer; therefore, a small association between hypertension and breast cancer may have broad implications.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.457-467
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• 2018

공공측량/통합기준점측량 작업규정은 기존 트래버스 측량 작업규정을 준용하고 있으며, GNSS관측 특성을 정확하게 반영하지 않아서 현장 작업과 자료처리에 어려움이 있다. 또한, GNSS관측 자료처리 절차에 대한 규정이 명확하지 않고, 정확도 검증방법 역시 일반적인 기준과 차이가 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 규정을 분석하고 적절한 업무프로세스를 제안하기 위해 공공기준점 측량과 유사한 시나라오를 바탕으로 짧은 세션(30분) 데이터를 처리했다. 서울특별시 네트워크 RTK (Real Time Kinematic) 기준점에 대해서 3일간 동일한 시간대 결과를 비교했으며, 하루 중 시간에 따른 결과를 비교해서 전반적인 자료처리 정확도를 평가했다. 대류권 지연오차 추정여부에 따른 정확도 차이를 동시에 분석했으며, 추정결과는 24시간 정지측량 결과와 비교했다. 대류층 지연오차를 추정하는 것이 정확도와 좌표안정성 향상에 유리하며, 평균제곱근오차는 대략 평면 5mm, 수직 1cm 수준으로 추정되었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 통합기준점을 포함한 동시관측 일간해를 추정하고, 이를 통합하여 최소제약조건을 통해 최종해를 결정하는 업무프로세스를 제안한다. 이를 위해서는 학술용 자료처리시스템을 이용한 자료처리자동화시스템이 구축되어야하며, GNSS자료처리를 위해 통합기준점과 공공기준점 코드를 표준화해야 한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2017

Objectives: This paper aimed to contribute to better oral disease prevention and practice of health behavior for immigrant women in multi-cultural families, to define missing and filled permanent teeth index of immigrant women, data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used. Methods: For the immigrant women to be subjects, they needed to be born overseas, had acquired Korean citizenship as a married immigrant women, and the estimate of the number of subjects was 133,093 women. For analyzing data, SPSS 21statistical program was used. We used covariance analysis (ANCOVA) andgeneral linear models for finding the relation with the missing and filled permanent teeth index. The significance level was 0.05. Results: DMFT-index of immigrant women was 7.33 points. $R^2$ was 0.416; and increased with age, and $R^2$ was 0.126 points higher (p<0.01). In household income, 'lower' was 5.933 points lower than 'upper' (p<0.05), and in toothbrushing after lunch, 'yes' was 3.598 points lower than 'no' (p<0.01). In preventive treatment, 'yes' was 4.301 points lower than 'no' (p<0.05). Conclusions: The result of this paper is as follows: for maintaining oral health of immigrant women, we think that the government needs to develop an oral health policy and a customized education system suited to immigrant women for preventive management of dental disease in immigrant women. In addition, basic data will be provided for public dental health programs based on the result of the study.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2191-2199
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• 2013

Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Soy isoflavones have been widely studied and among all isoflavones equol has been gaining interest with regard to its relationship with breast cancer risk. Obesity has been revealed as one of the breast cancer risk factors, known to be associated with high levels of circulating insulin and decreased levels of adiponectin. Hence there have been many studies investigating relationships between insulin and adiponectin levels and breast cancer risk. Additionally recent findings have suggested that insulin and adiponectin themselves may have influence on breast cancer development, independent of obesity. In the present review, we discuss the relationships between breast cancer risk and equol, insulin and adiponectin levels, which are three important factors in our ongoing hospital-based case-control study. Herein these factors are reviewed not only from the clinical viewpoint but also from possible chemical and biological points of view which may explain clinical observations.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.97-112
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• 2009

The amendment of regulation affecting the Governing Body of NFFC (National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives) has been known to the public in May 2008. Its essential points are as follow: 1) the President of NFFC shall be a non-standing officer. 2) the Full-Time Directors shall have the authority to deal with all subjects except for those especially reserved for the General Meeting or Board of Directors, while minimizing the authority of NFFC President. By providing this amendment, the government seeks to make the Governing body becomes professionalized and the management functions carried out by full-time professional board members. However, the amendment seems to pay no attention to the co-operative's identity and principles. In this context, five issues will be discussed: 1) Strengthening the separation between ownership and control of NFFC. 2) Weakening the authority of General Meeting. 3) The bounds of Audit Committee. 4) Consolidating the management control of the Full-Time Directors. 5) The loss of NFFC's Identity, followed by a summary and conclusion.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.695-701
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• 2009

본 연구는 축산물가공장 작업환경에 설정된 CCP의 유효성을 평가하기 위하여, 원료도체에서부터 포장에 이르는 전 공정에서 Escherichia coli를 검출하고 PFGE genotyping으로 genetic strain의 흐름을 분석하여 CCP의 적합성을 평가하였다. 시료채취를 위한 작업장은 도축장에서 냉장차량으로 원료도체를 공급받는 독립형 소규모 HACCP 가공장(100두 처리/일)과 축산물종합처리장내 HACCP 가공장(500두 처리/일)을 각각 1곳씩 선정하였다. 시료는 원료도체, 시설 및 장비(발골기, 박피기, 작업대, 벨트, 칼, 면장갑), 환경(벽, 바닥)과 작업공정상의 발골육, 부분육, 최종육을 무균적으로 채취하였다. 작업공정에서 E. coli의 높은 분리율(59.6%)과 작업환경 전반에서의 고른 검출로 E. coli가 축산물가공장 위생지표균으로의 활용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 분리된 E. coli의 genotype 분포는 작업장내 미생물 오염의 흐름을 보여주었다. 소규모가공장의 경우 오염된 원료육 반입이 작업공정을 오염시키고 공정중의 교차오염 발생으로 최종육에 영향을 주었고, 축산물종합처리장내 작업장은 원료육 오염보다는 작업환경에 상존하는 오염미생물의 교차오염이 최종육에 영향을 주는 양상이었다. 따라서 포장육가공장과 같이 작업공정에 멸균처리 과정이 없는 경우는 선행요건에 해당되는 원료반입과 작업환경의 세척 및 소독이 CCP로 관리되거나 이에 준하는 특별관리가 필요하였다. 결과적으로, 작업공정에서의 E. coli 검출과 genotyping은 작업공정상의 미생물 오염의 흐름을 파악하는데 유용하였으며, 이러한 방법은 HACCP 작업장의 미생물 오염원 분석과 설정된 생물학적 critical control point의 적합성 평가에 효과적이었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3794-3803
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• 2013

본 연구는 대학병원에 근무하는 간호사들의 감정노동과 우울수준과의 관련성을 파악하기 위하여 대전광역시의 3개 대학병원에서 근무하고 있는 간호사 514명을 대상으로 2012년 4월 1일부터 5월 31일까지의 기간 동안에 구조화된 자기기입식 설문지를 사용한 설문조사에 의하였다. 연구결과, 조사대상 간호사들의 감정노동수준에 따른 우울수준은 감정노동의 총 평균점수가 낮은 군보다 높은 군에서 유의하게 높았으며, 우울수준과 감정노동 요인들 간의 상관관계에서도 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 위계적 다중회귀분석 결과 우울수준에 영향을 미치는 관련변수로는 연령, 여가시간여부, 커피음용여부, 주관적인 건강상태, 업무의 육체적인 부담정도, 업무에 대한 만족도, 업무에 대한 적성여부 및 감정노동 점수가 유의한 변수로 선정되었다. 이들 전체 변수들의 설명력은 39.4%이었으며, 특히 감정노동변수의 투입으로 11.0%의 설명력을 증가시키고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상과 같은 결과는 조사대상 간호사들이 경험하고 있는 감정노동과 우울은 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보이고 있음을 알 수 있으며 감정노동은 다른 변수보다 우울에 대한 설명력을 증가시키는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 우울수준을 낮추기 위해서는 감정노동을 적절하게 통제할 수 있는 프로그램의 개발 및 실시가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cooking and art activities on cognitive function and depression of dementia patients. Methods: The study was carried out on 34 dementia patients (experimental group: 17 persons, control group: 17 persons) at 65 years old or more who correspond to a total MMSE-M, MMSE-K point between 15 and 23 points instituted in a specialized nursing facility in Busan from November 30, 2007 to February 20, 2008. The study used a nonequivalent pretest-posttest design. In previous survey, the study measured points of general characteristics, cognitive function and melancholy. To the experimental group, cooking art activities were carried out for 90 minutes every time and once every week for 12 weeks. Results: Analysis on data was performed using SPSS/WIN 14.0. In addition $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test and t-test were used for testing of homogeneity and ANOVA was performed for testing of hypothesis. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Hypothesis 1 that 'The experimental group with cooking art activities will show a higher point of cognitive function than the control group without cooking art activities' was supported (F=65.497, p<0.001). 2. Hypothesis 2 that 'The experimental group with cooking art activities will show a lower point of melancholy than the control group without cooking art activities' was supported. (F=27.463, p<0.001) Conclusions: From the above results, cooking art activities showed a significant difference in the increase in cognitive function and reduction in melancholy of dementia patients.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.301-310
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• 2007

현재 우리나라에는 전국에 약 21,000점의 측량용 국가기준점이 표석 형태로 매설되어 있으며, 대부분이 시통을 위해 산 정상에 매설되어 있어 일반인들의 사용과 접근이 어렵다. 최근 유비쿼터스 환경이 구축되어 감에 따라 위치정보 및 위치정보 기반의 정보를 일반인들에게 손쉽게 제공할 수 있는 서비스가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 RFID 태그와 2차원 바코드를 이용하여 위치정보를 손쉽게 제공할 수 있는 새로운 개념의 기준점 프로토타입을 제작하였다. 본 논문에서는 개발된 인텔리전트 기준점을 실용화하여 실제로 서비스하기 위해 필요한 사항에 대해 고려하여 보았으며, 실제 테스트를 통해 사용 가능성을 검증해보았다.