• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.179-202
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• 2007

This paper presents and tests a conceptual model of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) that explains perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, organizational commitment and turnover intention in terms of psychological commitments in mandatory environments. The model focuses on the psychological commitments (Kelman's internalization, Identification, compliance) as the primary predictors of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and organizational commitment. We discuss our current understanding of technology acceptance as well as the notion of mandated use. The results are as fellows that organizational commitment is negatively related to turnover intention : perceived usefulness is positively related to organizational commitment : psychological commitments are positively related to organizational commitment, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use : perceived ease of use is positively related to perceived usefulness in mandatory environments. Through this research, psychological commitments are the strong determinants of technology acceptance in mandatory environments. These findings advance theory and contribution to the foundation for future research aimed at Improving our understanding of user adoption behavior in mandatory environments.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.92-98
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• 1989

Concept analysis is a formal linguistic exercise to determine certain defining attributes. The basic purpose of concept analysis is to clarify ambiguous concepts in a theory, and to propose a precise operational definition which reflects its theoretical base (Walker, 1983, 27~28). In later life, elderly people are faced with various psychological problems such as depression, and lowered self-esteem for these psychological problems of the elderly. Reminiscence has been studied as an effective therapeutic measure by gerontologists and psychologists. It is considered to have potential as an effective nursing intervention with geriatric clients. The purpose of this paper was to explore the feasibility of adopting reminiscence as a nursing intervention through analysis of the concept. The concept can be defined as follows : Reminiscence is thinking and talking about one's past with or without a specific purpose. It is a composite mental process which involves psychological, emotional, and social interactional aspects. The defining attributes of reminiscence are : 1. Thinking about past experiences which are meaningful to oneself. 2. It includes the emotional aspect of past experiences. 3. It occurs with or without specific purposes. 4. It is communicated to others by means of language and the subject has the feeling of being heard. In regard to the consequences of reminiscence, it is expected to contribute to psychological adaptation by providing a sense of self-fulfillment and self-achievement, promoting the discovery of the meaning of life, decreasing depression, and overcoming guilt feelings and conflict about one's past. However, if the past is regarded as a total failure, it may be harmful to the psychological well-being of the subject.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.163-178
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• 2017

Recent advances in technology are evolving to enable individuals to perform various activities necessary for their lives, without being constrained by physical, temporal, and spatial constraints. The online services and experiences that originated from solving the discomfort in the actual offline space have created the newness that can only be experienced in the digital world and furthermore uniquely new experiences in actual space as well. While many previous studies have suggested several interpretations of unique individual behaviors in virtual environments, a recent research approaches virtuality as an interesting perspective of the change of thinking style. Virtuality is defined as how far apart we are from everyday reality, and if the individual faces a situation far from reality, the psychological distance of the individual becomes distant and ultimately leads to the thinking style of high construal level. Otherwise, it is said to have a relatively low construal level of thinking style. In this study, I try to confirm the virtual distance as the role of psychological distance in new virtual contexts. Simultaneously considering temporal distance, which are most used in psychological distance, and virtual distance based on virtuality, this study tries to find whether the effect of virtual distance on product attitude is the same as that of temporal distance and check the relationship between virtual distance and temporal distance in the context of consumers' product evaluations depending on product information type.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.602-627
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• 2006

This paper presents and tests a conceptual model of Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) that explains perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, organizational commitment and turnover intention in terms of psychological commitment in mandatory environments. The model focuses on psychological commitment(Kelman's internalization, identification, compliance) as the primal of predictor of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and organizational commitment we discuss our current understanding of technology acceptance, as well as the notion of mandated use. The results and implications of the research are as follows. First, organizational commitment negatively influence turnover intention in mandatory environment. Second, perceived usefulness positively influence organizational commitment in mandatory environments. Third, psychological commitment positively influence organizational commitment, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in mandatory environments. Fourth, perceived ease of use positively influence perceived usefulness in mandatory environments. Through this research, psychological commitment is a strong determinant of technology acceptance in mandatory environments. These findings advance theory and contribution to the foundation for future research aimed at improving our understanding of user adoption behavior in mandatory environments.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.181-188
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify selection attributes, functional benefits, psychological benefits, and values according to crossover shopping patterns (showrooming and webrooming). To achieve objectives of this study, a survey was designed based on the means-end chain theory, using the in-depth laddering technique and APT laddering technique which understanding the linkage of A(attributes)-FB(functional benefits)-PB(psychological benefit)-V(value). These two laddering techniques were used to construct a hierarchical value map (HVM) by linking selection attributes, functional benefits, psychological benefits, and value levels. The selection attribute items that showrooming shoppers consider important are 'price conformity', 'product information', 'product variety', and 'delivery service'. Functional benefit items were 'free purchase', 'economic benefit', 'communication', 'safety', and 'accurate Information', and psychological benefit items were 'convenience', 'relaxation', 'pleasure', 'rational consumption', and 'stability'. Finally, the value items were 'self-satisfaction', 'abundant life', 'achievement', 'happiness', and 'reasonable life'. Next, the selection attribute items that webrooming shoppers consider important are 'price conformity', 'product information', 'product variety', 'AS', 'shopping atmosphere', and 'seller service'. Functional benefit items were 'free purchase', 'economic profit', 'expression opinion', 'safety', and 'accurate information', and psychological benefit items were 'convenience', 'relaxation', 'rational consumption', and 'stability'. Finally, the value items were 'self-satisfaction', 'abundant life', 'happiness', and 'reasonable life'.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.493-523
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• 2011

This study set out to investigate the effects of individual motivation on turnover intention among social workers and examine their turnover intentions in details by focusing on the mediation effects of multiple commitment. To be specific, it aimed to propose and test a prediction model for social workers' turnover intentions based on the Self-determination Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior. For those purposes, a mail survey was taken among social workers working for use facilities, residential facilities, public health centers, social welfare foundations and associations, and all kinds of centers and institutions in 15 cities and provinces across the nation. Total 1,918 questionnaires were distributed, and 1,671 ones were returned, and 979 whose respondents expressed a turnover intention were used in final analysis. The analysis results indicate that psychological motivation of social workers had direct impacts on their turnover intention. However, their role stress had no direct impacts on their turnover intention, which suggests that the impulsive routes model for turnover intention is supported only in psychological motivation and job characteristics. Secondly, their psychological and job motivation turned out to have indirect impacts on turnover intention through the multiple commitment, which suggests that the reflective routes model for turnover intention is supported in all career, job, and organizational commitment. Career commitment had the most significant impacts on turnover intention, being followed by job commitment and organizational commitment in the order, which suggests that the social welfare academy should increase their interest in career commitment. Based on the findings, the study proposed implication for the career management plans, plans for human resources

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 2014

Financial products entail either gains or losses, and customers' psychological reaction to these gains and losses affect the selection of the financial products. This study explains the financial customers' behavior by introducing consumers' psychological variables such as regulatory focus and construal levels. According to the regulatory focus theory, there are two distinct motivational orientations called promotion focus and prevention focus. And, construal level theory proposes that people use more abstract and higher levels of construal to represent objects that are more distant on psychological distance. We have incorporated these two psychological variables into financial consumer behaviors. In the experiment 1, the results have showed that promotion focused customers prefer fund products to deposit products, whereas prevention focused customers have showed the opposite result. In the experiment 2, both regulatory focus and construal level were considered. Specifically, under the high level message, promotion focused customers have showed higher preference to fund products than the prevention focused customers, and no significant difference for the deposit products. On the contrary, given the low level message, prevention focused customers have showed higher preference to both fund and deposit products than the promotion focused customers. Therefore, it comes to the conclusion that it will be efficient for the financial companies to use high level messages for the promotion focused customers and low level messages for the prevention focused customers. Implications and limitations are discussed to establish more effective marketing strategies based on the results of this study.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.201-210
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to extend the social teaming and imitation theory in an attempt to examine the effect of star-entertainer imitation behavior on clothing behaviors in relation to adolescents' age and gender variables. The research was a survey and the subjects were 895 adolescents in Taejon, Korea. The measuring instruments was serif-administrated questionnaire consisted of star-entertainer imitation behaviors and clothing behaviors. The collected data were analyzed using factor analysis, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test. Results were as fellows: 1) The results of analysing the response of star-entertainer imitation behaviors showed that adolescents had very positive attitudes and high psychological need to identify self with star-entertainers, however, their actual identification behaviors were not very noticeable because of parents' restraint and school regulations on students' appearances and clothing behaviors. 2) The results of analysing the response of clothing behaviors showed four factors such as 'fashion$.$clothing interest', 'psychological dependency on clothing' , 'clothing exhibition', and 'clothing conformity'. 3) Star-entertainer imitation behaviors had significant effects on clothing behaviors; the group with more star-entertainer imitation behaviors showed more fashion$.$clothing interest, higher psychological dependency on clothing and clothing exhibition, and lower clothing conformity than the group with less star-entertainer imitation behaviors. 4) Clothing behaviors showed the differences according as adolescents' age and gender; the female adolescents showed more fashion$.$clothing interest and clothing exhibition than male, the high school and cortege age groups showed higher psychological dependency on clothing than other age groups. It is concluded that the results of this study support social teaming and imitation theory since TV media give strong influence on the TV viewers through presenting various modeling stimuli to adolescents' lives.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.39-54
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• 2017

At present, various technologies are rapidly advancing, centering on the concept of virtuality. From the technology of virtual reality, which allows us to experience the senses as if they existed, to the technology of augmented reality, which provides new information or services based on reality, they are no longer strange things for ourselves because we experience them every day and night. Even though the concept of virtual is very familiar in terms of technology, it is not known how individuals accept the concept of virtuality, how they change our way of thinking, and how their behavior changes. This study aims to approach virtuality perceived by the individual from the viewpoint of individual's information processing. Virtuality is defined as the degree to which the situation facing an individual is far from actual reality. An individual can judge the degree of virtuality easily, which is considered to be a psychological distance which is an important factor in personal information processing. In this study, we have confirmed whether the argument is applied to the real world in the context of advertisement. According to the construal level theory, when an individual feels virtuality at a high level, the individual thinks that the situation they are facing is psychologically distant and accordingly has a high level construal. Therefore, it is more influenced by 'advertisement emphasizing symbolic appeal' which is matching with higher level. On the other hand, when an individual feels a low level of virtuality, the individual thinks that the situation they are facing is psychologically near and thus has a low level construal. Therefore, respondents are more sensitive to functional appeal, which is related to lower level. This study has the theoretical contribution in terms that the degree of virtuality affects the psychological distance of the individual. In addition, the results of this study have practical contribution in terms of being able to be actively used in the information delivery strategy centered on the advertisement.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.75-104
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• 2016

Purpose The business ecosystem perspective offers a new lens in which to view customers. Customers as the member of business ecosystems influence firms by participating in both the firm level activities and the business ecosystem level activities. For example, customers participate in the business ecosystems by forming interest groups, allowing their voice to be heard the within business ecosystems. Customers can also, turn public opinion around and foster the business ecosystems favorable to firms. On the other hand, as an extreme case of customer participation, customers can engage in community activities to boycott the purchase of products or services from certain firms or business ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach This study views content creation and feedback activities as customer participation in the firm level. On the other hand, word-of-mouth (WOM) and boycott activities are considered as customer participation in the business ecosystem level. This study presents a research model regarding the relationships among customer socialization, customer participation, and psychological ownership. The proposed model is validated through an empirical analysis on online platform business ecosystems. Findings When the two business ecosystems are compared, different results were drawn. In the Facebook ecosystem, boycott and psychological ownership did not have a significant relationship. However, in the Kakao ecosystem, the two had a significant positive relationship. The mediating effect of the business ecosystem type sheds a light on the mission, purpose, vision, and other values associated with the theory of the business on the customer-firm relationship. Further implications for theory and practice were discussed in this study.