• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.366-369
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• 2008

Proteins secreted from bifidobacteria are believed to play important roles in human intestines via interacting with different host cells. In this respect, proteins secreted from Bifidobacterium pseudocatanulatum BP1, which has been rarely studied, were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE). Using this approach, approx-imately 21 protein spots on a 2DE gel were detected and 10 of these spots were identified by mass spectrometry. Five spots were identified as hypothetical proteins and the remaining 5 spots were identified as a putative iron-side-rophore binding lipoprotein, a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase SDR, an exonuclease, cytochrome P450 hydroxylase, and a putative dehydrogenase. The identification of secreted putative iron-siderophore binding lipoprotein was highly interesting since it is an important protein that is involved in ferric iron uptake in pathogenic bacteria. This finding could accelerate studies on the probiotic effect of Bifidobacterium by explaining the competition between bifidobacteria and intestinal pathogens for ferric iron.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.219-222
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• 2000

Physiological changes of Escherichia coli during the fed-batch fermentation process were characterized in this study. Overall cellular protein samples prepared at the different stage of fermentation were separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and differently expressed 15 proteins, Phosphotransferase enzyme I, GroEL, Trigger factor, ${\beta}$ subunit of ATP synthase, Transcriptional regulator KDGR, Phosphoglycerate mutase 1, Inorganic pyrophosphatase, Serine Hydroxymethyl-transferase, ${\alpha}$ subunit of RNA polymerase, Elongation factor Tu, Elongation factor Ts, Tyrosine-tRNA ligase, DnaK suppressor protein, Transcriptional elongation factor, 30S ribosomal protein S6 were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). When bacterial cells grow to high cell density, and IPTG-inducible heterologous protein is produced, expression level of overall cellular proteins was decreased. According to their functions in the cell, identified proteins were classified into three groups, proteins involved in transport process, small-molecule metabolism, and synthesis and modification of macromolecules.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.479-482
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• 2010

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.293-297
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• 2010

Serum proteins of Korean native dogs (Gyeongju DongGyeong dogs) was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis system. Electrophoretic patterns showed six fractions. Total serum protein and ratio of albumin to globulin were $5.99{\pm}0.83$ (g/dl) and $1.41{\pm}0.29$ (g/dl) in DongGyeong dogs. Relative percentages of total serum albumin and $\alpha-1$, $\alpha-2$, $\beta-1$, $\beta-2$, $\gamma$-globulin fraction were $57.94{\pm}5.43$, $3.15{\pm}2.30$, $7.49{\pm}4.09$, $9.43{\pm}3.50$, $7.63{\pm}5.70$, and $14.36{\pm}7.63$, respectively. It was observed that $\beta$-globulin was higher than other fractions. The most striking alternation with age was founded in the $\gamma$-fractions. Also, it was observed that ratios of albumin to globulin in DongGyeong dogs were higher than on other dogs.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.230.3-231
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• 2003

The therapeutic use of protein pharmaceuticals produced by recombinant DNA technology is increasing in recent decades. In order to investigate the quality of recombinant proteins, it is important to identify and assign the impurities produced in the process of recombination or in storage conditions. Capillary Electrophoresis is emerging technology exhibiting high sensitivity, selectivity and speed and may be most powerful tools for this application. In this study, human growth hormone (hGH) has been analyzed by various mode of capillary electrophoresis such as capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE), and capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF) to indicate the chemically or biologically oriented variants and the degraded fragments. (omitted)

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.377-382
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• 1993

Rice (Oryza saliva L.) calli containing both embryogenic callus (EC) and non embryogenic callus (NEC) regions were initiated from the mature seed on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/L kinetin. The calli were developed into two callus type which can be distinguished by visual examination depending on color and appearance. In order to illucidate the polypeptide composition between EC and NEC, the total protein extracted from two types of callus was analysed by electrophoresis. By one-dimesional anlaysis of SDS-PAGE and Isoelectric focusing, several protein bands showed quantitative and qualitative difference in each type of callus. The further analysis of the total protein with two-dimensional electrophoresis showed at least 20 EC specific protein and 10 NE specific protein. Also 3 specific protein spots showing micro heterogeneity of 90, 65, 50 kD were detected in EC, while a series of acidic heterologous protein spots were visualized in NEC.in NEC.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.197-200
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• 2006

We analyzed total protein (TP), albumin (AL), aspartic aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (CRE) and serum protein electrophoretic fractions in sera of rural elderly patients to evaluate the health status in rural elderly patients. We observed that the frequencies of patients showed lower level of total protein, albumin, and both total protein and albumin than them of reference range were 20.3%, 22.8% and 19.0%, respectively. The rates of patients showed higher level of AST, ALT, both of AST and ALT, UN, creatinine and both of UN and creatinine than them of reference range were 33.8%, 40.0%, 30.0%, 17.7%, 15.2% and 7.9%, respectively. Comparison of protein fractions of each patient to reference range showed that 77.2% of patients showed normal in all of patterns. Few of patients showed abnormal pattern in albumin (13.6%), ${\alpha}1-globulin (0.0%),\;{\alpha}_2-g10bulin(1.1%),\;{\beta}-globulin(1.9%)\;and\;{\gamma}-globulin(6.2%)$. These data suggest that many of rural elderly patients may suffer from heart, liver and kidney diseases. The serum protein fractions are not typical criterion to evaluate the disease, but production of proteins in rural elderly patients may be affected by liver disease and kidney disease.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2000

Retinoic acid (RA) evokes pattern duplication in the regenerating salamander limb. Interestingly, it also enhances dedifferentiation in the regenerate by the morphological, histological and biochemical criteria. To examine whether there is any correlation between the RA-evoked pattern duplication and de novo protein synthetic profile in the regenerating salamander limb, especially during dedifferentiation, we analyzed stage-specific protein synthesis pattern in the normal and RA-treated regenerating limbs by metabolic labeling followed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In the regenerating limbs without RA treatment, a few hundred kinds of proteins were found to be synthesized at the stage of wound healing and the total number of protein synthesized increased greatly as regeneration proceeded. The same trend was also observed in the RA-treated regenerating limbs. Interestingly, some protein spots were noted to be either newly synthesized or highly expressed by the RA treatment especially at the stage of dedifferentiation. The results shows that the enhancement of dedifferentiation state after the RA treatment correlates well with the protein synthesis profile, and suggest that those proteins are important for the RA-evoked pattern duplication in the regenerating limbs of salamander.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.143-156
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• 1974

The purpose of this experiment was to study one side of germination physiology based on that protein profiles and protease relating to protein metabolism, that peroxidase, catalase, $\alpha$-amylase, $\beta$-amylase, and malate dehydrogenase involved in the carbohydrate metabolism of seed germination. All these experiments were divided into the two groups with and without acetone treatment, and were carried out. The protein bands of each germinating stage between the groups treated with and without acetone showed certain basic pattern in polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. However, there was a little difference in the number of protein band, optical density, and migration velocity between two groups. The isozyme bands of peroxidase, and catalase between two groups in polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis did not show the numeral difference, but the optical density of certain germinating stage treated with acetone was higher than the group untreated with it and it showed their enzyme activity. The $\alpha$-amylase and $\beta$-amylase activities which involved in starch metabolism of seed germination were higher in the treated group than the other. On one hand, the protease activity of hydrolase occurred in the seeds for germination was also higher, more or less in the treated group than in the other. The isozyme band pattern of malate dehydrogenase in TCA cycle of energy metabolism pathway was very different between two groups growing for 72 hours with and without acetone treatment in cellulose acetate electrophoresis. It indicated that two isozyme bands of malate dehydrogenase was high. Consequently these experimental results mentioned above indicated that acetone treatment before sowing had an effect on dissolving certain complexed lipid substance involved in the seed coats, the activity of carbohydrate hydrolase increased with water absorption which was most comfortable in its germination, dissolved glycerin and fatty acid became certain energy source, and they stimulated the acceleration of respiration metabolism.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 1986

A polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique was applied to cytokinin-protein binding assay. Binding of soybean leaf proteins to cytokinin and relative affinities of protein fractions to cytokinin were studied. The electrophoresis technique appeared to be very useful for determination of cytokinin-protein binding, for identification of protein species binding to cytokinin and for comparison of relative affinities of the proteins to cytokinin. The presence of cytokinin-binding proteins in soybean leaves was confirmed from assays with ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-25 chromatography, paper chromatography, and electrophoresis. Three groups of cytokinin-binding proteins were identified in the soybean leaf protein extract and two of the three showed low affinity to cytokinin, however, the third one with mobility between $0.0{\sim}0.2$, probably high molecular weight protein (s), showed high affinity in the electrophoretic analysis.