• 영어영문학
• /
• 제58권1호
• /
• pp.117-142
• /
• 2012

The education of children is one of the most important parts in children's literature. Children's literature, whose implied readers are both children and parents, is a good means to teach how they should behave and interact. Therefore, literary conventions of children's literature tend to be conservative with happy endings or fairy tale elements. Most of the children's literature of the 18th century were read as a conduct book which teaches children good manners and proper behavior, and at the same time served as a guidebook which tells parents how to discipline children. It emphasized the need of discipline to ascertain the hierarchy and order of the family, and cherished the close relationship between parents and children. In the 19th century, the ideal of family becomes more internalized. In the early 20th century, the ideology of family still remained, even though the world wars and economic depressions caused the cracks and collapses of the family. In the later 20th century, the disintegration of the traditional family was accelerated. The ideal of family based on the close relationship between parents and children, has had problems from the start. The attachment and over-closeness became stressful and sometimes could be poisonous. Recent children's literature shows the process of disintegration of the traditional nuclear family, children suffering in the fractured family, children's mental trauma, and nostalgia for the lost family. However, modern children's literature manages to find the lost or ideal surrogate family, and often shows fairy-tale elements such as mystical and heroic child protagonists or helpers who might solve all the difficult problems at once, despite the collapse of the family in reality.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.401-406
• /
• 2010

해상에서의 선박운항자는 선박을 운항 중 장애물 혹은 타선에 대하여 적정한 이격거리를 두고 항행하고 있다. 다시 말해 시정 상태, 풍속, 조류 등에 따라 선박 전 후 거리, 좌 우현 정횡거리를 주관적인 안전 의식에 근거하여 이격하여 통항하고 있다. 현재 우리나라에서는 통항 선박 간 최소 안전이격거리 개념을 1980년대 초 외국에서 조사된 자료로 사용하고 있고, 항계 내(제한수로)와 항계 밖의 통항 선박의 안전거리가 상이함에도 불구하고 구분 없이 사용되고 있다. 또한 선박 조종학적 안전거리는 선박 전후 거리보다는 선박 측면거리가 중심이며, 선박 종류에 따라 최소 안전이격거리가 상이하지만 고려되고 있지 않은 실정이다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 상황에 따른 선박운항자의 안전 의식을 고려한 적정 이격거리를 정량화하여 해상교통안전성 평가모델의 충돌 판정 영역 개발을 위한 기초 자료로 활용하고자 하고, 우리나라에 적합한 해상교통 혼잡도 모델 개발 및 상황 선박별 해상교통관제에 필요한 가이드라인으로 이용할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구결과, 시정이 양호한 주간의 경우 선수전방 4.4 L, 선미후방 3.1 L, 정횡 2.6L로 기존에 사용되고 있는 최소 안전이격거리와는 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었으며 시정 및 주야간 등과 같은 파라미터를 다양하게 고려하였다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제7권6호
• /
• pp.781-793
• /
• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the nutritional education status and the recognition of the importance of elementary school dietitians (N＝183) in the Gyeongnam area. The results are summarized as follows. All subjects took part in nutritional education program, but the educational methods were passive, as in the case of “home correspondence”(80.8%) and “bulletin board poster”(16.4%), and the education frequency was very low as in “one time/month”(90.2%). The subjects thought “as an independent subject”(41.5%) and “as a related subjects”(35.1%) were suitable teaching venues for the nutritional education. They were very low in individual counseling (4.5%) for school children because of “lack of opportunity”(42.2%) and “heavy work load”(24.1%). However, most of the subjects wished that nutritional counseling could offered in the future (95.5%). The parents＇ experience of nutritional education was also low (34.3%). Information sources for nutritional education were mainly the “internet”(53.1%) and “re-educational materials” (25.0%). The available instructional materials included “printed materials”(96.7%), “exhibition bulletin materials” (70.3%) and “electronic materials”(46.4%). The preferred education materials were “exhibitionㆍbulletin materials”(32.2%), “printed materials”(29.2%), and “electronic materials”(27.7%). However, materials they wished to purchase were “electronic materials”(54.5%) and “cubic materials”(26.0%). These results show a difference between the preferred materials and the possessed materials. Most school dietitians (98.4%) recognized the necessity of nutritional education with respect to “good table manners”(42.0%), “correction of food prejudices”(30.3%), and “proper nutrition for growth”(21.0%) Although they had a great interest in nutritional education, they had difficulty in cutting their teaming into practice because of “heavy work load”(30.9%), “lack of a systematic curriculum”(25.2%), and “lack of a educational opportunity”(22.8%). Ninety five percent of subjects wished to have nutrition education taught as an independent subject. They pointed out “kindergarten”(60.0%) and “lower grades in elementary school”(33.9%) as the optimal starting times for nutritional education and “school dietitians”(91.3%) as suitable teachers for these programs. The required topics chosen by the subjects for nutritional education for children were “proper eating habits”(54.2%) and “nutritional problem”(31.5%). The dietitians thought “food prejudices”(44.7%), “rat too much processed and instant foods”(36.5%), and “obesity”(11.8%) were the most common nutritional problems among elementary school children. These results suggest the necessity of solving the nutritional problems in children by developing a nutritional education program. Along with this program, if dietitian assisted programs for parents were developed, the effects of nutritional education could definitely be increased.

• 한국보육학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.159-178
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 한국과 일본 국가수준 보육과정 및 보육시설 평가지표의 식생활교육 내용을 비교하여, 양국의 식생활교육의 특성을 알아보고 한국 식생활교육의 방향성을 모색하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 한국은 표준보육과정, 누리과정 원본과 해설서 및 지침서 그리고 어린이집 평가인증통합지표를, 일본은 2018년 개정된 보육소보육지침해설과 제삼자평가지표를 분석하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 한국의 경우 보육과정과 평가에서의 중점에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 보육과정은 영양 및 식사예절 등 바르게 먹기의 내용 구성 비중이, 평가지표는 청결 및 위생에 대한 내용 구성 비중이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 일본의 경우 국가수준 보육과정 및 평가지표는 일관적으로 즐겁게 식사하기 관련 내용이 강조되었고, 이를 위한 다양한 방안을 제시하였다. 둘째, 식생활교육 접근 방식에 있어 한국은 음식에 관한 지식중심으로, 일본은 일상적 체험을 통해 식생활교육 내용을 접근하였다. 즉, 한국의 교육은 영양과 식사예절 관련 지식을 통해 바르게 먹기를 지향하고 있으며, 일본은 다양한 사람들과 관계를 통해 함께 즐기며 식사하기를 지향하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 어린이집에서의 식사지도 개선을 위한 방향성과, 즐겁게 먹기 강조를 위한 일관성 있는 보육과정 및 평가지표의 필요성을 시사한다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제58권2호
• /
• pp.203-211
• /
• 2013

국내 대학과 국립식량과학원 간의 협력 연구를 통해 확보된 32개 벼 형질전환 계통들 중 작물학적 성능이 유망한 11개 계통들에 대해 작물학적 특성과 미질 특성이 평가되었다. 주요 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 이들 계통들은 수량성, 환경스트레스저항성, 내병성에 관여하는 7종의 유전자가 니폰바레, 낙동벼, 동진벼 등에 형질전환 되어 육성된 계통들이다. 2. 미질 특성과 관련된 11개 조사형질을 이용한 다변량 분석결과, 형질전환에 이용된 모품종과 도입유전자들에 대한 각 형질전환 계통군들의 뚜렷한 집구현상은 관찰되지 않았다. 3. 실용적 측면에서는 작물학적 특성이 모품종과 유사하면서 미질 특성이 양호한 계통이 다수 확인되었다. 4. 그러나 모품종의 유용한 작물학적 특성, 즉 '상품성'을 온전히 견지하고 있다고 판단되는 계통은 선정하기 어려웠다. 5. 도입할 유전자의 선정과 유전적으로 고정된 형질전환 계통을 확보하는데 소요되는 경비와 시간을 고려할 때, 향후 우량 벼 형질전환 계통의 육성효율을 제고하기 위해서는 기존에 비해 보다 구체적이며 차별화 된 육종전략의 개발이 필요하다고 판단되었다.

• 미술이론과 현장
• /
• 제9호
• /
• pp.33-57
• /
• 2010

Focused on the performance of interactivity in the appreciation of media art, this study is associated with the continually changed art texts and a participator's physical reactions to savor the art. Digital works of art emphasizing interactivity usually decentralize and disperse the responsibility and the central role for creating and producing the art works. Proper procedure of the work is generated by actions such as clicking the mouse, controlling the joy stick or actual movement of anticipators' bodies. The art works are influenced by participators' interactivity, which makes the leading roles and the responsibility for creating art scattered and divided. These features are similar with those of the 'Rhizome' which Gilles Deleuze(1925~1995) and Felix Guattari(1930~1992) have discussed. In their argument, 'Rhizome' is an interval or being 'between', which keeps changing. 'Rhizome' is a state in which the individual and the work of art never reach the conclusion, only a phenomenon of eternally altering. Like 'Rhizome', this sort of art work has the decentralized system, opens for several directions, and activates the system which is changeable as linked items increased or decreased. These works stimulate the individual to perform and act while appreciating the art piece. In terms of processing and preceeding, interactivity is the important equipment and catalyzer. Through these procedures, the pieces can be the 'floating work of art' combined and condensed with the whole participators' reactions. The 'floating work of art' is neither the expression of an individual nor that of one particular group. Multidimensional influence of the web is the web which is constantly reorganizing and producing in its connective state. This connective state is activated by interactivity. The Rhizomatic system embodies the floating work of art process. Due to each individual perceiving art in individualistic terms, there is no dominating powers or central points. I regard this art works possessing above traits as the work of art with Rhizomatic system. The work of art with the Rhizomatic system is embodied through interactivity and because physical action activates the process of appreciation, a participator can actually experience and practice the philosophy. Ultimately the Rhizomatic speculation occurs during the interactivity of appreciating the Rhizomatic art pieces. The Rhizomatic system penetrates into the intuitive area beyond our recognition and thoughts, as we are engaged in the connective process. With the methods and manners of interactive art, we can possibly reconsider the system as a tool in which the participator is directly able to link experience and theory to the philosophies of Deleuze and Guattari.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2017

이 연구는 중학교 교사들의 인성교육에 대한 인식을 분석하여 중학교 인성교육에 방향을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 전국 중학교 교사 161명에게 인성교육 접근방식, 인성교육 문제점, 인성교육에 대한 전반적 견해, 인성교육 프로그램 구성요소, 인성교육 교수 학습 방법, 인성교육 적절한 기간에 대한 인식 자료를 수집하여 빈도분석과 기술통계분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 인성교육 방법은 생활지도와 각 교과교육을 통해서 이루어지기를 희망하였다. 둘째, 인성교육이 제대로 수행되지 않는 점은 상급학교 진학을 중심으로 교육이 이루어지기 때문이다. 셋째, 인성교육에 대한 전반적인 견해는 최근 학생들의 인성에 점점 문제가 많아지고 있어 학교와 가정이 연계한 인성교육이 중요하다. 넷째, 인성 교육프로그램에서 가르쳐야 할 인성구성요소는 배려, 예절, 자기조절, 책임감 등이다. 다섯째, 인성교육을 위한 교수 학습 방법으로 반성(성찰), 상호배우기, 체험식 활동, 학생중심 등 순으로 우선순위가 도출되었다. 여섯째, 인성교육 프로그램 시행의 적절한 기간은 지속적이고 반복적인 교육이 필요함을 공감하면서 학교생활 3년 내내 이루어져야하는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 중학교 인성교육 프로그램 개발 시 시사점으로는 1회성 프로그램으로 개발하는 것 보다 생활지도와 교과교육 내에서 인성교육을 어떻게 구성할 것인지를 고려하는 것이 더 중요하다고 제안하였다.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.13-41
• /
• 1989

The raw materials for plant-stalk-folkcrafts are cultivated in the whole country. Most Korean farmers, to increase their income, have produced mats and containers with various plants as a side line from very long ago. At first, they began from the instruments of life and then made folkart and at last get to manu\ulcornerfacturing of industrial folk craft. The folkcrafts, made of plant-stalk, which could nor conform to changing society, are partly declined and partly handed down as the traditions. The social change today, however, makes living conditions more speedy and multisided, accordingly the characteristics of demand also become in\ulcornerdividual and various. While the demend is various like this, suppliers cannot answer demendants' requirements, and consequently, the demand and profit cannot be increased. According to this, the purpose of this study is set up to give an answer to the situation that is at the traditional standstill, through an examination of the motives. I. The crafts of plant-stalk are made only in an organized relationship between agriculture, industry and art as it is compounded art of gathering raw material, manufacturing, producing, improv\ulcornering design and production conditions. It may be possible that a farmer gathers material and weaves it manually but in others, it is im\ulcornerpossible to refine, bleach and dye because the process requires a professional industrial treatment. It is impossible to make art works to a farmer as every farner does not always have aesthetic sense. Though a farmer or producer has these all abilities, it is not desirable to him from economical view. 2. The development or improvement is essential in many sides but the most important thing seems to he in design. According to reports, it is, howevt!r, fact that the crafts improved in design of existing works have more expanded the sales than newly developed works. Therefore, ir appears advisable to improve designs of existing things positively as they have merit of occupying a position already, but on the other hand, new crafts have to be also developed and the producer should grasp the proper time. 3. Building up an industrial complex to improve design with collecting the producing districts for this works scattered allover the country is very desirable for speedy communication, intensive educa\ulcorner tion or training, and effective guidance. 4. In producing for export abroad, before everything, must know the life environment, custom! and manners, main thought of the country, and then produce according to these. S. The crafts of plant-stalk are the fIrst industry in present but in the futher it should change intc second or third industry. 6. A synethetic organization for supporting side line should be established for effectiveness, and experts have to be secured and also the educational-industrial complex and activation of study should be preceded.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.183-192
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of elementary school dietitians in terms of nutrition education in the northern portion of Gyeonggi province. Self-administered questionnaires were given to 50 dietitians who have worked in elementary schools with self-operation food service, and 35(70%) dietitians returned the questionnaires. The results are summarized as follows: no students took part in nutrition education as a regular course, but all dietitians performed nutrition education in passive ways, such as 'using home correspondence'(39.0%), 'bulletin board/poster'(22.0%), 'using the internet'(13.4%) and 'indirectly through a classroom teacher'(12.2%). Most respondents performed nutrition education 'one time/month'(66.0%) or 'one time/week'(20.0%). The respondents thought that suitable teaching times for nutrition education were 'during a related subject'(35.5%), 'during lunch time'(22.6%) rather than 'during an independent subject'(16.1%). Most of the dietitians(94.3%) did not perform nutrition counseling because of 'a lack of opportunity'(72.7%) and 'workload'(27.3%). Additionally 88.6% of respondents did not have the time of for nutrition counseling for parents because 'am not a teacher'(56.7%) and 'workload'(30,0%). Information sources for nutrition education were mainly 'internet'(71.4%) and 're-educationa1 materials'(17.1%). They possessed instructional materials in the forms of 'printed materials'(35.1 %), 'exhibition/bulletin board'(31.2%), and 'electrical materials'(33.8%), 'but did not have 'solid materials' such as food models and dolls. Generally they had mostly 'leaflets'(82.9%), 'bulletins'(68.6%), 'internet'(57.1%), and 'CDs'(57.1%). Preferences for instructional materials used were 'printed materials'(46.2%), 'exhibition/bulletin board'(36.5%), and 'electrical materials'(17.3%) 'Leaflets'(80.0%) were mainly used; 'CD'(17.1 %) use was low compared to the proportion possessing CDs. The topics frequently chosen by the subjects for nutrition education were 'table manners'(82.9%), 'basic concepts of food and nutrition'(80.0%), and 'proper food habits'(80.0%), but the topics helpful for practical use, such as 'how much do I eat'(20.0%) and 'nutrition labeling'(37.1%), were not included frequently. The respondents thought that 'eating only what they like'(60.0 %), 'intake of processed foods'(17.8%), and 'obesity'(17.8%) were the most common nutritional problems among elementary school children. They also thought that establishing a regular course for nutrition education was an effective way to cut down on these nutritional problems. In conclusion, nutrition education programs that are combined with effective instructional materials and practical topics should be developed. Additionally, it is recommended that dietitians act as teachers who participate in regular courses as soon as possible.

• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.351-362
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 휴양림의 기능 향상을 위한 식생관리 방안을 제시하고자 경기도 남양주시 수동면 외방리 축령산자연휴양림을 대상으로 실시하였다. 휴양림 내 등산로 및 산책로 주변의 주요 분포종인 잣나무 인공식생지와 자연식생지인 낙엽활엽수림의 생물다양성 조사 및 분석 등을 실시하여 휴양림 기능향상을 위해 식생유형별 관리를 위한 관리방안을 도출하였다. 연구방법은 생물다양성 측면에서 식생관리, 현존식생 및 비오톱 현황, 식생유형 구분, 식생구조, 야생조류 서식구조 등의 기능검토를 실시하였다. 휴양림내 식생유형 구분은 현존식생과 비오톱현황을 기초로 잣나무 인공조림지와 자연상태의 낙엽활엽수림으로 크게 구분할 수 있으며, 등산로 및 산책로 주변 대표식생 조림여부, 식생관리 등에 따라 4개의 유형(관리되지 않은 인공 잣나무림, 관리된 인공 잣나무림, 단풍나무 비율이 높은 자연상태의 낙엽활엽수림, 관리된 낙엽활엽수림)으로 구분하였다. 식생구조 분석결과 종다양도는 낙엽활엽수림이 인공 잣나무림 보다 종다양도가 높게 나타났고 관리되지 않은 상태가 관리된 상태보다 종다양도지수가 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 야생조류 서식구조 분석결과 관리된 잣나무림은 층위구조가 빈약한 단층으로 식재되어 다양한 야생조류의 이동통로로서 부적합한 구조이고, 관리되지 않은 자연상태의 낙엽활엽수림, 잣나무림 등이 양호한 야생조류 서식구조를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 생물다양성 기능 검토에 근거하여 관리유형을 크게 보전관리와 복원관리로 구분할 수 있었다. 보전관리 중 기존낙엽활엽수림 유지유형은 자연상태의 낙엽활엽수림 지역, 관리된 낙엽활엽수림 지역 등이 속하며 생태적 관리유형은 관리되지 않은 인공 잣나무림 지역을 설정하였고, 복원관리지역인 생태적 복원유형은 관리된 인공 잣나무림 지역으로 설정하여 식생관리 유형별 관리방안을 제시하였다.