• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.159-177
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• 2006

Governance systems are basically an autonomous cooperation type among the government, civil society and market, also a new paradigm for efficient and democratic administration of policies. The governance mainly consists of the central operating body, institutions, operating principles and so on. The constituents are the nation(government), civil society(NGO) and market(firm). Institutional conditions are a legitimate base, financial stability and independency. And as a operating principle, governance systems have common goals and issues from a national and social point of view. This governance has been recently emerged due to financial risk of government, diffusion of new liberalism going with the globalization, localization-decentralization, and development of civil society and information-oriented society. We have to grope fur the framework of participatory agri- policy confronting globalization and localization as well as developing our agriculture and rural village. This agri-policy governance should be theoretically focused on policy network or self-organizing network or multi-lateral governance (MLG) based on NPM. Also, it is proper to have connection of nation-central type and civil society-central type. And it is necessary to have a MLG type with local governance corresponding to localization and decentralization. Governance should have the type whose participants have authority and responsibility as well. Basic directions of environmentally friendly agri-policy governance are as follows : first, its purposes are constructing the democratic and efficient framework of participatory environmentally friendly agri-policy based on consensus of all the related groups, embodying environmentally friendly agri-policy adjusted to local field, raising farmer's real interest, and improving their position. Second, its form should have a council or an agreement system, not an advisory or a consultation organ. Thus, public sector(eg. government) and voluntary sector(eg. farmers' organization) jointly execute agricultural policy and are responsible together. Environmentally friendly agri-policy governance is mainly made up of farmers' organization, cooperative and civil society(NGO). And secondary bodies are agribusinesses and academic groups. Government interacts with the main bodies on administrative execution. And environmentally friendly agri-policy governance has MLG type with a central unit, province and county units. Environmentally friendly agri-policy governance has several main functions such as agri-policy partnership, speaking for farmer's rights and interests, investigation and research on domestic and foreign agricultural streams, and etc. Especially, local unit will play roles in activation for regional agriculture, consulting on technique and management, education and training services, services entrusted by government, and so on.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.75-82
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• 2016

Purpose - In order for actively pursuing medium and long term policies of Gangwon region to be effectively and efficiently driven, efficacious and practical development strategies are needed. In terms of regional revitalization in most regions that are dependent on the primary industry like Gangwon-do Province, the maintaining of local community becomes difficult and there are limitations on the support from the central government and local governments. Therefore, local communities need to implement measures not only to be financially independent but also maintain and activate themselves. And community business can be adopted to be a proper strategy to cope with this change. This study drew importance of a community business model appropriate for Gangwon-do region to figure out success factors. Research design, data, and methodology - This study aimed to come up with importance of community business model for Gangwon-do region by using AHP Method. AHP Method, which was developed by Professor Saaty in 1970', is a methodology to simplify complex problems for a rational decision making. A survey targeting related public officials and expert group was carried out and a total of 30 questionnaires were collected for the analysis. Results - Analysis model used in this study was to prioritize community business models of Gangwon-do region. The second hierarchy was divided according to local restoration type, local resource utilization type, environment improvement type, and life support type. The third hierarchy consisted of 5 items such as network, the middle structure, program, government support, and human resources to measure each importance. As a result, in the second hierarchy, local resource utilization type had the highest importance. In the third hierarchy, the middle structure had the highest importance, followed by government support, program, network, and human resources. Collectively, the results suggested that important critical factors of community business model of Gangwon-do region was the importance of local resource utilization model and the middle structure. Conclusions - Not only should projects that are already operating in the region but next community business projects that are planning in the Gangwon-do region should be practically operated in view of the importance and the models derived from this study.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.63-79
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• 2009

Since the 1970's, UNESCO and ICOMOS have adopted or emphasized on the principles of historic preservation. One of them is what to require a repair have not to be repaired beyond the limits of the features and techniques to have been born in those days of establishment. On the premise, this paper is to examine the materials and technique of lime plaster work in order for roof ridge, and for bond paste of stones and bricks in government constructions in the late of Joseon dynasty(17~19c). The result of this examination will come up with a basic conformity in the case of repairing the building established in the late of Joseon dynasty. This paper is carried out for the proper repair and restoration of architectural cultural properties. Construction reports and other documents in those days are examined for the study. Following conclusions have been reached through the study. The components of old plaster mixtures which agglutinate stones each other were quicklime, perilla oil, and paper fiber. The components of old plaster mixtures which point joint of black bricks consisted of slaked lime, perilla oil, paper fiber, and cereal starch. These components were the same as coat surface of roof ridges. In the case of times, one of the following sand, white clay, sap of boiled elm bark was added to these components for the purpose of high efficiency. These materials and techniques which applied to plaster work of those buildings had developed in the process of making royal tombs. But these materials and techniques were quite different from the present.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2000

Down-town community is an essential element for ESSD. But the population of down-town has been decreased since 1990's. Therefore this study is about how to improve the down-town residential tendency through the civic research, examination of related policies and legal system. And the result is as follows. First, Taegu has lots of problems as a residential space, that are caused by bad residential environment. They also, however, represent the validity of arrangement of down-town community and we could find the possibility for development. Second, Japan perceived the importance of down-town community and a great deal of effort was done to save residential space with various programs. But it is ignored in Korea for economic reason. Therefore we need to change our view of Down-town residence. Third, the role of government, people and specialist are important for the improvement of Down-town community. 1) The central government and ask its responsibility. 2) The local government makes the best use of present laws and is required of management with elasticity in favor of the regional character. And it need to set the future image and aim of the city. The aim should be the one that meets the practical need of down-town community and suitable programs need to be activated. 3) Generally, the citizens who are living in a region know it's problems the best. So the citizens themselves can advertise their Down-town community and participate to solve its problems 4) Down-town community requires a differential policy from general residence. Thus the professional have duty for the development of proper know-hows for Down-town community.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.793-800
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• 2008

Recently domestic drinking water industry has recognized membrane-based technology as a promising alternative for water treatment. To ensure successful application of membrane processes, the integrity of membrane systems should be maintained. According to US EPA guidance, the pressure decay test based on the bubble point theory is recommended to detect any membrane defection of which size is close to the smallest diameter of Cryptosporidium oocysts, $3{\mu}m$. Proper implementation of the pressure decay test is greatly affected by initial test pressure, and the interpretation of the test results is associated with upper control limit. This study is conducted to investigate various factors affecting determination of initial test prtessure and upper control limit, including membrane-based parameters such as pore shape correction factor, surface tension and contact angle, and system-based parameters, such as volumetric concentration factor and total volume of system. In this paper, three different hollow fibers were used to perform the pressure decay test. With identical initial test pressure applied, their pressure decay tendency were different from each other. This finding can be explained by the micro-structure disparity of those membranes which is verified by FESEM images of those membranes. More specifically, FESEM images revealed that three hollow fibers have asymmetry, deep finger, shallow finger pore shape, respectively. In addition, sensitivity analysis was conducted on five parameters mentioned above to elucidate their relation to determination of initial test pressure and upper control limit. In case of initial pressure calculation, the pore shape correction factor has the highest value of sensitivity. For upper control limit determination, system factors have greater impact compared to membrane-based parameters.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.89-106
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• 2010

Since the 1970's, UNESCO and ICOMOS have adopted or emphasized on the principles of historic preservation. One of them is what to require a repair should not be repaired beyond the limits of the features and techniques which had been adopted in those days of establishment. On the premise, this paper is to examine the materials and technique of wall plaster work in the government building constructions in the Joseon dynasty. The result of this examination shall come up with a basic conformity in the case of repairing the building established in the late of Joseon dynasty. This paper is carried out for the proper repair and restoration of architectural cultural properties. Construction reports and other documents in those days are examined for the study. Following conclusions have been reached through the study. The materials and technique which applied to wall plaster work in those days were quite different from the present. The technique that was used to wall plaster of government buildings in those days was not a lime wall plaster, but sand coat one. The kinds of material for setting of the sand coat wall plaster had been revised with the change of the times or constructions. The main kinds of material were composed of sand, white clay, paper fiber, and cereal starch. However, the present materials were composed of sand, white clay. Therefore, the present materials and technique which applied to wall plaster work for the repair and restoration of architectural cultural properties have to be revised and corrected.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2004

The port developments in Korea have been achieved by government because port needs large scale of funds for development and is recognized as SOC to be supplied by government. But this kind of policy has met budgetary problem to cope with rapidly increasing demands of port facilities. Thus in recent years, Korean government has tried to induce commercial capital to the construction of port facilities and allow port company to operate the facilities commercially for given period enough to compensate the investment. At present, several private ports are under construction and some will be opened in the near future. But on this stage, it is expected some problems for the reasonable port operation. This paper tried to scan and to analyze the current situation and also to find proper solutions.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.434-438
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was performed in order to improve problems and to seek the efficient operating plan by surveying and analyzing the actual status of operating the agricultural machinery rental business supported by the government. Method: The data was collected through two times of survey targeting lease business operators and the leasing business reports published for the past 3 years ('08~'10) 120 cities and counties. Results: As a result of surveying 120 cities and counties nationwide of operating the agricultural machinery rental business, 96% of agricultural machinery rental businesses were indicated to be operated in the form of short-term rent for about 1~3 days centering on small-sized agricultural machinery and attachment for upland crop. As for the unit number of possessing rental agricultural machinery and the purchase cost, it was indicated to be greatly reduced the agricultural machinery for rice farming and to be expanded into upland crop whose mechanization is insufficient. The annual rental days ('10) are 9.5 days/unit, thereby being a little insufficient. Rental fee for 1 day is 0.2~0.8% of the initial purchase cost of agricultural machine, thereby being greatly lower compared to 2.0% (annually 10-day rent) of the proper rents, resulting in being demanded improvement. Conclusions: To be continuously driven the rental business of agricultural machinery with having the ability to propagate, it is judged to be likely to necessarily collect optimum rental fee in consideration of rental days as well as increasing the use days per unit by buying the agricultural machinery, which is secured the rental demand, and by possessing the reasonable unit number.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.179-204
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• 2019

The study aims to investigate the management status of fire services records of local government D in the metropolitan area. To achieve this, the study analyzed the data from 2013 to 2017 based on the production, preservation, and disposition processes of records. The findings are as follows: 1) unkept regulations to transfer the records, 2) a lack of understanding of archival objects, 3) reconsideration of the history management of the records appraisal committee, 4) and an on-site update of records. Therefore, this study suggested the following for an effective fire services records management: 1) training for the fire services records management, 2) proper budgeting for the records management, 3) and secured metadata for the history management of records.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.138-145
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• 2017

As that experienced in other developing countries, Mongolia has already faced multilateral side issues for two decades due to economic growth that created Ger areas or internationally 'Slum', public housing and living conditions for low-income citizens, on the basis of rapid migration from rural areas to urban. Ger areas appear to be the main cause of environmental pollution problems and impending comfortable living conditions of the city's residents by covering more than half area of Ulaanbaatar city. Also, the spread of the Ger areas has many side issues such as prevention of urban development and unaesthetic. Most inhabitants of the areas are on low-incomes, and living in the detached houses or felt yurts (Ger) usually build within a low budget, by themselves or unprofessional people, and by using materials of poor quality. Therefore, Ger areas are an inevitable issue that requires effective, proper and immediate housing policy coordination under the government and even the housing market. Unfortunately housing policies, laws, and projects adopted by Mongolian government have shown inefficient results. The government housing policies, unlike other developing countries did not target low-income households' housing which is the priority issue for two decades. But only in 2014, the Long-term housing policy with the strategy for affordable housing initiated the housing policy for low-income households. This policy has five main broad directions such as redevelopment of Ger area, the land readjustment, public rental housing, new settlements and new city and reconstruction for old apartments, which are rather general and would require tremendous financial resources if each of the directions is implemented simultaneously without prioritization. Therefore this research aims to suggest the efficient and adequate housing policy direction for the low-income households in Ger area based on achievement of other developing countries' strategies, performances and generic characteristic with explanatory models. Also, this research adopts a literature analysis method that uses various research reports, related papers in domestic and international journals, and theses by experts, researchers, public institutions, and agencies.