• 품질경영학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.581-599
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to analyze general types of R&D Quality Assurance(R&D QA) and to identify key quality elements for R&D QA. R&D QA is defined as all the planned and systematic actions to verify whether R&D processes are conducted in a proper manner and the results of R&D fully satisfy customers' requirements. Methods: The existing R&D QA guidelines and the some cases were reviewed. From the review, three general types are analyzed and thirteen key quality elements are identified. Then, the survey on the eighteen domestic experts has been conducted for prioritization of the identified elements. Results: As the result of this study, three types for R&D QA based on quality elements, standard process, and final evaluation are analyzed. Related to the first type, thirteen quality elements, e.g., administrative plan, project plan, process management and so on, are identified and prioritized. Conclusion: This study contributes to develop the baseline for R&D QA including the types and the key quality elements. It may be helpful for the institute that has an interest adopting R&D QA.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2014

2014년 1월부터 아 태지역 Tokyo-MOU에서는 새로운 점검체제인 NIR를 도입하여 항만국통제(PSC)를 시행하고 있다. NIR의 가장 큰 특징은 기존 TF방식과 달리 회사의 안전관리수준까지 평가하여 선박의 위험도 수준을 고위험, 표준위험, 저위험 선박 등 3단계로 분류하고 그 수준에 따라 PSC 점검주기를 달리하는 것이다. 특히, 국제안전경영(ISM)코드의 안전관리체제(SMS)와 관련된 결함과 6개이상의 결함수, 출항정지이력 등은 선박의 위험도수준 평가에 큰 영향을 미치게 되었다. 이에 따라 선박과 회사들은 변화된 PSC환경에 대비하기 위하여 종전과는 다른 안전관리체제의 적절한 이행과 시스템 보장이 각별히 요구된다. 정부대행기관 및 주관청에서도 기존과는 다른 새로운 PSC 대응방안이 필요하다. 구체적으로는 선박과 회사간 유기적인 협력과 지원체제 강화, 심사주체와 객체의 변경을 통한 타성 극복, 정부대행기관에 대한 주관청의 관리감독 강화 그리고 민 관 협력체제 운영을 위한 네트워크 구축 등의 방안이 있다.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to give help for more activation to the area of spa industry appropriate to the emotion of our country based on the spa of recognition of massage specialist. Aroma Essencial oil bath was the first favorite of the customers when they're going to have bath in Hydro-therapy or with some other material in their bathtub according to the general results of the previous study. The most high voice of discontent of customers was the high price and the main customer's ages on the spa-therapy were the ages 30s and 40s. The method for activation for future spa-therapy were showed as the better facilities and advertising, reasonable price, systematic education programs, professionalists as an order. The proper care hours for spa-therapy that customers like most was 1:30-2:30 and the resonable price of one time care of that was shown as 100,000-200,000 won. The priority actions for the competition with foreigners on this area of spa-therapy will be the various and nation-wide advertisement of the effectiveness on spa-therapy to the customers to use easily and to be made being generalized on their lives. And the our inland spa-therapy must have main position at the center of cities, the various programs to satisfy the Korean traditional culture of them should be studied and introduced. And at that time future inland spa-therapy industry will have power for the competitions with similar foreign industries.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.248-255
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to optimize the Metal Injection Molding(MIM) process with design of experiments(DOE) and numerical analysis. To derive the optimal process condition, experiment or numerical analysis was performed under various process conditions. To analyze the interaction among influential factors contributing to the temperature at flow front and response surface in MIM, both central point and axial point were added to the full factorial design with 2 levels and 5 factors and then their impacts on response variable in 43 experimental conditions were analyzed and the significance was evaluated. As a result, sprue, runner, and gate were completely filled in about 0.247 seconds after injection, the front part of the green body was filled in about 0.3344 seconds, the green body except gate, etc changed to almost solid state in about 3.29 seconds, the Packinging pressure was completed in about 6.29 seconds, and the green body inside and outside and sprue, etc became solid in 13.2 seconds. The impact of individual or reciprocal action of factors on the temperature at flow front was analyzed through regular probability, test statistics, main effect, and interaction effect. As a result, of a total of 31 combinations of factors, 9 unit factors and reciprocal actions were significant, and the screening was also possible. A proper regression equation was drawn with regression analysis and response surface design on the response variable of temperature at flow front, and the applicability could be verified.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2011

Backgrounds: Multidisciplinary approaches including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are currently being performed to target various cancers in Western Medicine. However, some cancers still remain difficult to battle, which has long attracted many scientists for the discovery of new agents to fight cancers. Ginseng is one of the herbs used in Oriental Medicine including Korea, China and Japan. We have further investigated ginseng for its anticancer effect. Objective: This is a comprehensive review summary of anticancer effect of ginseng and ginsenoids as a possible agent for future cancer treatment. Methods: Data were retrieved from two web sites; www.pubmed.com and www.riss.kr, and authorized texts concerning anticancer effects of ginseng. From collected data, information on anticancer effect of ginseng was thoroughly sorted, restructured, then assessed. Results: Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer belongs to Araliaceae Panax family, a perennial prairie plant with its root known as Ginseng Radix. Ginseng induces anticancer effect through cell cycle arrest, acceleration of apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, and suppression of metastasis. Anticancer effect of ginseng may be due to single compound or multi-compound actions. Many studies report involvement of immune mechanisms of cytokines, Natural Killer (NK) cells, macrophages and some antibodies in enhancing anticancer effect of ginseng. In near future, possibility of applying these mechanisms into clinical trials is convinced. There were some important findings on saponin in ginsenoids in reviewing for this article; First, eradication of metastatic tumors were influenced by macrophage activation. Second, suppression of malignant melanoma cell metastasis to lung were induced by macrophage and NK cell activation in spleen with red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP). Third, final metabolites of M1, M4 had exerted anticancer effect of ginseng. Conclusion: Unknown anticancer mechanisms of ginseng have been studied for many years up until now. Ginseng is comprised of multiple bio-chemical compounds that create complex pharmaceutical interactions. Therefore, for its proper usage and safe prescription, studies on different types of ginseng and patients' susceptibility to ginseng according to their constitution and stages of the disease should be further pursued. More efforts are needed to understand the anticancer mechanisms of ginseng as well.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2013

대도시 내에 밀집하여 증가하고 있는 대형 복합 건축물은 그 규모와 복잡성으로 인해 유해가스 관련 사고발생시 대형 재난으로의 확대 가능성이 상존한다. 이에 대한 대응책으로, 다종의 유해가스를 감지하는 복합 가스 센서와 이로부터 수집한 정보를 활용한 조기 경보 시스템이 연구되고 있다. 이와 같은 센서 기반 재난 전조 감시 시스템의 효과적인 적용과 운영을 위해서는 적합한 기준이 먼저 마련되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 유해가스의 감지와 조기 경보 발령을 위한 경보 기준 농도를 제시하고, 각 경보 단계별로 대응 활동과 정보 전파 등 재난 대응 체계를 제안하였다. 재난 감시 기준을 통해 유해가스 관련사고 발생 시 조기에 위험을 감지하여 사고의 경과에 따라 효과적인 대응을 이끌어 낼 수 있다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.941-948
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• 2014

스마트폰이 대중화되면서 과도한 사용으로 인해 정신과 신체 건강, 학업, 대인관계 등 일상생활에 부작용을 일으키는 스마트폰 증후군도 어느 사이 우리 주변에서 흔하게 사용되는 용어가 되었다. 본 논문에서는 스마트폰을 가장 많이 사용하는 대학생들을 대상으로 스마트폰 증후군의 인식 정도와 디지털 건망증, 스마트폰 중독 및 카카오톡 의존도 등 대표적인 증후군에 대한 실태를 분석하고, 스마트폰 증후군을 예방하기 위한 기본적인 대응 방안을 고찰하였다. 1일 평균 5시간 이상 스마트폰을 사용하는 대학생들의 스마트폰 증후군에 대한 인식은 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 스마트폰 중독, 디지털 건망증 및 카카오톡 의존도 등을 포함한 스마트폰 증후군이 매우 심각한 상태로 분석되어 적절한 대응 방안을 마련하고 실천해야 할 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.36-49
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• 2015

In Intensive Care Units (ICUs), where severely ill patients are treated, importance of reducing Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) cannot be overstated. One of the simplest and most effective actions against HAI is proper hand hygiene (HH) behavior of Health Care Workers (HCWs). However, compliance varies across different cultures and different job types of HCWs (physicians, residents and nurses). This study aims to understand determinants of HH behavior by HCWs' job types in Korea. Qualitative analysis was performed based on Reasoned Action Approach style interviews with staff physicians, residents and nurses across 7 teaching hospitals. We found that all HCWs strongly believe HH is important in reducing HAI. There were, however, job type-specific HH behavior modifying factors; staff physicians stated feeling pressure to be HH behavior role model. Residents identified Quality Improvement team that measured compliance as a facilitator; a notable barrier for residents was senior physicians not washing their hands, because they were afraid of appearing impudent to their seniors. Nurses designated their chief nurse as a key referent. All participants mentioned heavy workload and lack of access to alcohol-based sanitizer as situational barriers, and sore and dry hand as deterrents to HH compliance.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2012

Objectives: In chemical hazard communication, information receiver's perception is a important factor, but the study on the perception was few. Therefore, this study evaluated the perception of managers and workers group about chemical hazard communication by chemical hazard communication tools that were being used in fields. Methods: 91 managers and 238 workers were surveyed in two companies where use chemicals. All subjects were asked about the comprehensibility and perception for MSDS and GHS Pictograms being used in their workplaces through face-to-face interviews. Results: Most of the respondents knew MSDS, and more than half of the respondents had used MSDS once or more per year. The level of use to find the information on chemicals with MSDS was higher in the managers in comparison with workers. Also, the managers could understand and find the information on MSDS easier(p < 0.05). In the question asking the meaning of GHS Pictograms, the managers responded more correctly, as well(p < 0.05). 86.8% of the managers and 62.6% of the workers were conscious of the possible health hazards of chemicals that they could be exposed at work. However, among the respondents conscious of the health hazards, only less than 70% were well aware of the contents of the health hazards correctly. Conclusions: In chemical hazard communication, it is very important to evaluate whether information receiver have proper and correct knowledge and perception or not and actions based on the evaluations as well as provide correct information.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.256-269
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• 2020

Objectives: Everyone has been affected in some way by the COVID-19 pandemic, while some workers face threats to their health due to their jobs as well as worries about spreading the virus to intimate family members. With these concerns in mind, this study aims to identify occupations more vulnerable to COVID-19 and suggests the necessity of providing proper control measures against the risks in a timely manner in Korea. Methods: Daily briefing reports by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) were compiled (n=120) between January 20 and May 31, 2020. A total of 11,486 confirmed cases were included, which were sorted by occasion, area, and occupation. Among them, 2,411 cases were classified with specific occasions and/or areas of infection, while only 544 cases were determined with identifiable occupations. Guidelines for biological hazard management and COVID-19 guidelines for workplaces from domestic and international bodies were enlisted and compared. Results: It is unsurprising to find that healthcare professionals are experiencing the most immediate threat from COVID-19. In addition, service workers with face-to-face practices or indirect contact are also facing high risks. Religion facilities and eating places (dining, drinking bar, café, etc.,) follow. Guidelines and manuals for biological hazards are still lacking in Korea compared to the US and EU. Workplace manuals for managing COVID-19 are neither as comprehensive as the approaches of NIOSH's hierarchy of controls nor inclusive enough for minimizing secondary or tertiary suffering. Conclusions: The COVID-19 crisis is still ongoing and there is no doubt there will be more such events in the future. This analysis suggests that occupational health professionals, amid a pandemic including COVID-19, are urged to anticipate emerging risks related to all sorts of occupations, identify vulnerable workers and working environments, and plan and take actions to protect workers' health.