• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.288-292
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• 2005

Pathogenesis-related protein-1a (PR-1a) is strongly induced in tobacco plants by pathogen attack, exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application and by other developmental processes. In order to develop a rapid screening system for the selection of plant defense-inducing compounds originated from various sources, we have transformed tobacco Samsun NN plants with a chimeric construct consisting of GUS $(\beta-glucuronidase)$. In the $T_1$ generation, three transgenic lines having stable GUS expression were selected for further promoter analysis. Using GUS histochemical assay, we observed strong GUS induction driven by PR-1a promoter in PR1a-GUS transgenic tobacco leaves in response to the exogenous application of SA or benzol (1,2,3) thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH), a SA­derivative compound. In addition, GUS expression was maintained locally or systemically in PR1a-GUS transgenic line $\#5\;T_2$ generation) until after 3 days when they were treated with same chemicals. Our results suggested that the PR1a-GUS reporter gene system in tobacco plants may be applicable for the large-scale screening of defense-inducing substances.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.52-56
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• 1999

The Raf, a cytoplasmic serine/thereonine protein kinase, acts as an important mediator of signals involving cell proliferation, differentiation and development. Multiple regulatory elements should participate in the expression of D-raf, Drosophila homolog of human c-raf-1. In order to search regulatory factors involved in the D-raf promoter activation, we accomplished the yeast one-hybrid screening using D-raf promoter region from bp-330 to -309 with respect to the transcription initiation site as bait. After screening, sixteen independent positive clones of ${\beta}$-galactosidase activties were identified and sequenced. Two clones having 94-98% identity with daughterless and one clone having 93% identity with escargot by Blast search among these clones were screened.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1362-1368
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• 2006

A new constitutive episomal expression vector, pGAPZ-E, was constructed and used for initial screening of eukaryotic target gene expression in Pichia pastoris. Two reporter genes such as beta-galactosidase gene and GFPuv gene were overexpressed in P. pastoris. The expression level of the episomal pGAPZ-E strain was higher than that of the integrated form when the beta-galactosidase gene was used as the reporter gene in P. pastoris X33. The avoiding of both the integration procedure and an induction step simplified the overall screening process for eukaryotic target gene expression in P. pastoris. Nine human protein targets from the Core 50, family of Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium (http://www.nesg.org), which were intractable when expressed in E. coli, were subjected to rapid screening for soluble expression in P. pastoris. HR547, HR919, and HR1697 human proteins, which had previously been found to express poorly or to be insoluble in E. coli, expressed in soluble form in P. pastoris. Therefore, the new episomal GAP promoter vector provides a convenient and alternative system for high-throughput screening of eukaryotic protein expression in P. pastoris.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.449-454
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• 1995

The present study was conducted to assess gene expression of bacterial lacZ driven by the SV40 promoter at early developmental stages of bovine embryos. The lacZ gene was linearized with BamHI digestion and introduced into the pronucleus by microinjection at 20 hrs after the commencement of in vitro fertilization. Intact bovine blastocysts were not stained with X-Gal, suggesting that there is no endogenous beta-galactosidase activity in these blastocysts. In contrast, the bovine blastocyst cells microinjected with the lacZ gene exerted a characteristic greenish-blue color originating from the bacterial beta-galactosidase activity, albeit at a low rate, i.e. 2.1% of the total fertilized oocytes injected. It was concluded, therefore, that the lacZ gene driven by the SV40 promoter could be used for an indirect screening method in which the presence of transgene is evaluated from the product of transgene expression.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.504-509
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• 1996

Promoters which are useful for constructing expression vectors for lactic acid bacteria were obtained from the chromosomal DNA of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis MG1363. pBV5030, a promoter-selection vector, replicates in L. lactis and Escherichia coli and carries a promoterless chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (cat-86). After examining E. coli transformants which grew on LB media containing chloramphenicol (Cm, 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) , many MG1363 derived DNA fragments which encompass promoter sequences were identified. Some recombinant E. coli cells can grow at the Cm concentration of 1,000$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. When plasmids from those highly resistant E. coli cells were purified and introduced into L. lactis ssp. lactis MG1614 cells by electroporation, lactococcal transformants showing Cm resistance were obtained. So far, five plasmids with different promoter inserts were introduced into L. lactis MGl614 cells. The maximum level of Cm resistance in L. lactis MG1614 transformants was quite low (20$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) when compared with that observed in recombinant E. coli cells harboring the same plasmids.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.139-143
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• 2006

Jopock (Jpk) has previously been ascertained that induces both bacterial and mammalian cell death. The Escherichia coli cells expressing Glutathion S-transferase (GST) fused Jpk showed elongated phenotype and inhibited cell growth which led eventual cell death. In an attempt to search the genetic suppressor of the lethal protein Jpk in bacterial cells, we constructed a unidirectional protein expression vector inserting tac promoter next to the C-terminus Jpk in pGEX-Jpk. The function of additional tac promoter was confirmed by substituting lac promoter in Plac-TOPO plasmid. The cells harboring plac- TOPO, which regulates $lacZ{\alpha}$ gene expression under lac promoter, formed blue colonies in 5-bromo-4-3 $indolyo-{\beta}-D-galactoside$ (X-gal) plate. When lac promoter was changed to tac promoter, same results were observed. Since the addition of tac promoter did not affect the toxic effect of Jpk, the pGEX-Jpk-ptac could be a useful vector for the screening of suppressor(s) for Jpk, in which GST-Jpk and a putative Jpk-suppressing protein are coexpressing from two unidirectional tac promoters, which response to the same inducer, $isopropyl-{\beta}-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)$.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8957-8961
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• 2014

Background: Promoter hypermethylation leads to altered gene functions and may result in malignant cellular transformation. Thus, identification of biomarkers for hypermethylated genes could be useful for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Objectives: To screen hypermethylated genes with a microarray approach and to validate selected hypermethylated genes with the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSPCR). Materials and Methods: Genome-wide analysis of normal oral mucosa and OSCC tissues was conducted using the Illumina methylation microarray. The specified differential genes were selected and hypermethylation status was further verified with an independent cohort sample of OSCC samples. Candidate genes were screened using microarray assay and run by MSPCR analysis. Results: TP73, PIK3R5, and CELSR3 demonstrated high percentages of differential hypermethylation status. Conclusions: Our microarray screening and MSPCR approaches revealed that the signature candidates of differentially hypermethylated genes may possibly become potential biomarkers which would be useful for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets of OSCC in the near future.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.586-591
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• 1997

In the course of screening for the tipA promoter-inducing substances, we isolated an active compound, sulfomycin Ia, from the mycelium of a microorganism designated 50634. The producing organism was identified as Streptomyces sp. on the basis of taxonomic studies. Sulfomycin Ia was purified from mycelial extract by silica gel column chromatography, LH-20 column chromatography, silica gel TLC, and preparative HPLC. The molecular weight of sulfomycin Ia was determined to be m/z 1129 (M+Na)$^{+}$ by FAB mass measurement and $^{1}$H NMR spectroscopic analysis. The structure was assigned as a derivative of sulfomycin I with thiazole, methyloxazole, oxazole, and pyridine rings by $^{1}$H NMR spectral data.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.1586-1592
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• 2017

Some promoters were isolated and characterized from the genome of Leuconostoc mesenteroides SY2, an isolate from kimchi, a Korean traditional fermented vegetable. Chromosomal DNA of L. mesenteroides SY2 was digested with Sau3AI and ligated with BamHI-cut pBV5030, a promoter screening vector containing a promoterless cat-86. Among E. coli transformants (TFs) resistant against Cm (chloramphenicol), 17 were able to grow in the presence of $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ Cm and their inserts were sequenced. Transcription start sites were examined for three putative promoters (P04C, P25C, and P33C) by primer extension. Four putative promoters were inserted upstream of a promoterless ${\alpha}$-amylase reporter gene in $pJY15{\alpha}$. ${\alpha}$-Amylase activities of E. coli TFs containing $pJY15{\alpha}$ (control, no promoter), $pJY03{\alpha}$ ($pJY15{\alpha}$ with P03C), $pJY04{\alpha}$ (with P04C), $pJY25{\alpha}$ (with P25C), and $pJY33{\alpha}$ (with P33C) were 66.9, 78.7, 122.1, 70.8, and 99.3 U, respectively. Cells harboring $pJY04{\alpha}$ showed 1.8 times higher activity than the control. Some promoters characterized in this study might be useful for construction of food-grade expression vectors for Leuconostoc sp. and related lactic acid bacteria.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7971-7975
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• 2014

Background: From our previous study, we established that cyclin A1 (CCNA1) promoter methylation is strongly correlated with multistep progression of HPV-associated cervical cancer, suggesting potential use as a diagnostic maker of disease. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence of CCNA1 promoter methylation in residual cervical cells isolated from liquid-based cytology that underwent hrHPV DNA screening for cervical cancer, and then to evaluate this marker for diagnostic accuracy using parameters like sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratio. Methods: In this retrospective study, histopathology was used as the gold standard method with specimens separated into the following groups: negative (n=31), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, n=34) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or worse (HSIL+, n=32). The hrHPV was detected by Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) and CCNA1 promoter methylation was examined by CCNA1 duplex methylation specific PCR. Results: The results showed the frequencies of CCNA1 promoter methylation were 0%, 5.88% and 83.33%, while the percentages of hrHPV were 66.67%, 82.35% and 100% in the negative, LSIL and HSIL+ groups, respectively. Although hrHPV infection showed high frequency in all three groups, it could not differentiate between the different groups and grades of precancerous lesions. In contrast, CCNA1 promoter methylation clearly distinguished between negative/LSIL and HSIL+, with high levels of all statistic parameters. Conclusion: CCNA1 promoter methylation is a potential marker for distinguishing between histologic negative/LSIL and HSIL+using cervical cytology samples.