• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2014

인도네시아산 주요 조림수종(Albizia, Gmelina, Mangium)과 유망수종(Durian, Gandaria, Jengkol, Kupa, Mangga, Nangka, Rambutan)의 밀도, 수축률, 종압축강도와 경도 등 물리적 및 역학적 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, Mangium, Gandaria와 Rambutan은 높은 밀도를, Albizia, Durian과 Jengkol은 낮은 밀도를 보였다. 공시재료 중 Mangium, Gandaria와 Mangga의 수축률은 다른 수종에 비해 작았으며, Albizia, Jengkol과 Rambutan의 수축률은 다른 수종에 비해 높았다. 이방도(T/R)는 Albizia, Kupa와 Mangga가 낮았고, Gmelina, Durian과 Jengkol이 다른 수종에 비해 높았다. Mangium과 Nangka는 종압축강도와 경도가 높았으며, Durian, Jengkol과 Mangga는 낮은 종압축강도를, Albizia와 Gmelina는 낮은 경도를 보였다. 10수종 중 Albizia, Durian, Jenkol, Mangga의 4수종을 제외한 6수종의 물리적 및 역학적 성질은 비교적 우수한 것으로 판단되었다. 본 실험의 결과는 인도네시아산 조림목의 효율적인 이용 및 장래 조림을 위한 유용한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.75-78
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• 2005

Fungicides and antagonists were tested for their efficacy in the management of fungal pathogens of watermelon. The fungal species in different genera were isolated from the seeds of watermelon and their vulnerability was assessed against an array of chemicals and bioagents. Among the fungal pathogens, Fusarium species were effectively controlled by Bavistin. Topsin also showed the promising effects against all the fungal pathogens, and Dithane M-45 effectively controlled Didymella bryoniae. Seed treatment with antagonists like Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride improved the seed germination, seedling vigour and reduced the incidence of seed-borne fungal pathogens. Bavistin and Topsin among chemicals increased significantly the seed germination and vigour index. Trichoderma harzianum showed its efficacy against all Fusarium species and even stood effective than Captan and Blitox. However, Pseudomonas fIuorescens also showed promising effect against Didymella bryoniae over fungicides. Under field condition, Topsin and Dithane M-45 showed better yield than Bioagents.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2022

The biological efficiencies of promising Pleurotus spp. were evaluated. Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus tuberregium,and Pleurotus sajor-cajuwere investigated at temperatures of 22℃, 20℃, and 18℃ to determine their ability to adapt to temperatures that are likely to be found in subtropical regions. The experiment was conducted using a substrate comprising Popular sawdust 60% + cotton seed 20% + beet pulp 20% under a relative humidity of 65%. The results indicated that there were significant differences in terms of biological efficiency between the species: P. tuber regium 128.84% at 22℃, P. ostreatus 108.41% at 22℃, and P. sajor-caju is 80% at 20℃. The common temperatures at which all species showed the highest biological efficiencies were 22℃ and 20℃. Therefore, the production of the evaluated species was equal to or surpassed biological efficiencies reported in tropical environments, thereby demonstrating a potential opportunity to adapt to tropical environments without compromising quality standards.

• 전자공학회논문지C
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• 제35C권2호
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• pp.48-55
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• 1998

Structural learning methods of MLP classifiers for a given application using genetic algorithms have been studied. In the methods, however, the search space for an optimal structure is increased exponentially for the physical application of high diemension-multi calss. In this paperwe propose a method of MLP classifiers using species genetic algorithm(SGA), a modified GA. In SGA, total search space is divided into several subspaces according to the number of hidden units. Each of the subdivided spaces is called "species". We eliminate low promising species from the evoluationary process in order to reduce the search space. experimental results show that the proposed method is more efficient than the conventional genetic algorithm methods in the aspect of the misclassification ratio, the learning rate, and the structure.structure.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2021

Camel (camelus dromedarius) is a unique large mammalian species that can survive harsh environmental conditions and produce milk, meat, and wool. Camel reproduction is inferior when compared to other farm animal species such as cattle and sheep. Several trials have been reported to increase camel reproduction and production through assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) such as in vitro fertilization and cloning. For these reasons, obtaining enough mature oocytes is a cornerstone for ARTs. This demand would be improved by the oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) systems. In this review, the current approaches and views from different laboratories using ARTs and the IVM to produce embryos in vitro in camel species. For the last two decades, conventional IVM system was the common approach, however, recently the bi-phasic IVM system has been introduced and showed promising improvement in IVM of camel oocytes. Detailed studies are needed to understand camel meiosis and IVM to efficiently increase the production of this species.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2014

The majority of early embryonic mortality in pregnancy occurs during the peri-implantation stage, suggesting that this period is important for conceptus viability and the establishment of pregnancy. Successful establishment of pregnancy in all mammalian species depends on the orchestrated molecular events that transpire at the conceptus-uterine interface during the peri-implantation period. This maternal-conceptus interaction is especially crucial in pigs because in them non-invasive epitheliochorial placentation occurs, in which the pre-implantation phase is prolonged. During the pre-implantation period, conceptus survival and the establishment of pregnancy are known to depend on the developing conceptus receiving an adequate supply of histotroph, which contains a wide range of nutrients and growth factors. Evidence links growth factors including epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) to embryogenesis or implantation in various mammalian species; however, in the case of pig, little is known about such functions of these growth factors, especially their regulatory mechanisms at the maternal-conceptus interface. Our research group has presented evidence for promising growth factors affecting cellular activities of primary porcine trophectoderm (pTr) cells, and we have identified potential intracellular signaling pathways responsible for the activities induced by these factors. Therefore, this review focuses on promising growth factors at the maternal-conceptus interface regulating the development of the porcine conceptus and playing pivotal roles in implantation events during early pregnancy in pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.431-434
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• 2000

Maintaining maximum genetic variability is of critical importance with in-situ conservation of animal species in small populations. Marker-assisted mating (MAM) was suggested to achieve maximum heterozygosity in offspring populations. The aims of this research was to investigate and decide the effectiveness and promising types of MAM to achieve this goal. Analysis of variance with simulation data revealed that the heterozygosity in offspring populations was significantly determined by sire heterozygosity from mating of non-inbred parent animals, and significantly by sire heterozygosity and percent parental difference in offspring reproduced by inbred parents. Seven types of marker-assisted mating schemes were examined, in which offspring exhibited heterozygosity that was -0.01 to 7.37% below or above that from random mating of non-inbred parent animals, and 0.00 to 16.39% above that from random mating of inbred parent animals. The great increase in offspring heterozygosity was observed with mating by tandem maximizing sire heterozygosity, percent parental difference, and dam heterozygosity. Random mating resulted in fluctuation of offspring heterozygosity. These results suggested that MAM was a promising method for maintaining maximum offspring variability in in-situ conservation of animal species in small populations.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.348-355
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• 2023

Epifluorescence microscopy with image analysis was evaluated as a biofilm quantification method (i.e., quantification of surface area colonized by biofilms), in comparison with crystal violet (CV) staining. We performed different experiments to generate multispecies biofilms with natural and artificial bacterial assemblages. First, four species were inoculated daily in 16 different sequences to form biofilms (surface colonization, 0.1%-56.6%). Second, a 9-species assemblage was allowed to form biofilms under 10 acylase treatment episodes (33.8%-55.6%). The two methods comparably measured the quantitative variation in biofilms, exhibiting a strong positive relationship (R² ≥ 0.7). Moreover, the two methods exhibited similar levels of variation coefficients. Finally, six synthetic and two natural consortia were allowed to form biofilms for 14 days, and their temporal dynamics were monitored. The two methods were comparable in quantifying four biofilms colonizing ≥18.7% (R² ≥ 0.64), but not for the other biofilms colonizing ≤ 3.7% (R² ≤ 0.25). In addition, the two methods exhibited comparable coefficients of variation in the four biofilms. Microscopy and CV staining comparably measured the quantitative variation of biofilms, exhibiting a strongly positive relationship, although microscopy cannot appropriately quantify the biofilms below the threshold colonization. Microscopy with image analysis is a promising approach for easily and rapidly estimating absolute quantity of multispecies biofilms.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.244-256
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 인도네시아의 목재자원 중 새로운 유망 목재자원을 개발하고 최근 주요 조림 수종들의 효율적 이용을 위한 기초자료를 수집하기 위해 인도네시아산 10수종의 해부학적 특성을 조사하였다. 모든 수종은 산공재로써 고립관공, 방사복합관공이 관찰되었는데, Mangium에서는 위의 특성과 더불어 접선복합관공이 관찰되었다. 접선방향의 관공 직경은 Jeunjing과 Nangka를 제외한 전 수종에서 방사방향보다 큰 값을 보였다. 특히 Nangka는 공시수종 중 가장 큰 접선방향의 관공 직경을 보였다. 단위면적($mm^2$)당 관공의 수는 Mangium, Gandaria와 Kupa가 다른 수종보다 많았으며, 특히 Kupa가 가장 많게 나타났다. 유세포의 접선방향 폭은 Gmelina, Mangium, Kupa와 Mangga가 목섬유의 접선방향 폭보다 크게 나타났으며, 그 중 Mangium이 가장 큰 폭을 보였다. 이 밖의 6수종은 반대로 목섬유의 접선방향 폭이 유세포의 접선방향 폭보다 크게 나타났으나 Durian과 Nangka는 그 차이가 타 수종에 비해 미미했다. Gmelina, Jeunjing과 Rambutan은 평복세포로 이루어진 동성방사조직이, Gandaria는 평복세포와 단열의 직립세포로 구성된 이성방사조직이, Mangium, Durian, Jengkol, Kupa, Mangga와 Nangka는 평복세포와 약 1~2열의 직립세포로 구성된 형태의 이성방사조직이 관찰되었다. Durian, Gandaria, Jengkol, Jeunjing, Mangga, Rambutan은 결정을, Jeunjing과 Mangga는 실리카를 함유하는 특징을 나타냈다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2013

Analysis of flavonoid contents in the fruits of Acanthopanax species (A. chiisanensis, A. divaricatus, A. koreanum, A. senticosus, and A. sessiliflorus) was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography. A Discovery$^{(R)}$ C18 ($4.6{\times}250$ mm, 5 ${\mu}m$) column was used with a gradient mobile phase of water and acetonitrile (90 : 10 to 60 : 40 for 60 min) and UV detection was conducted at 350 nm. The contents of rutin, hyperin, quercetin, afzelin, and kaempferol were 0.063~0.540, 0.494~7.480, 0.584~0.704, 0.388~0.567, 0.190~0.471 mg/g, respectively, in the fruits of Acanthopanax species. Total content of flavonoids in the fruits of Acanthopanax species was highest in those of A. chiisanensis. Furthermore, hyperin was the most abundant compound in the fruits of Acanthopanax species. Consequently, our results demonstrate that the fruits of Acanthopanax species containing flavonoids have promising potential as a new income source of agriculture and industry in medicinal natural products, health supplements, and beverages.