• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2003

This paper presents the benefits of using close-range digital photogrammetric techniques for measuring the roughness of rock surfaces, using digital stereo images obtained from a Rolleiflex 6006 metric camera. To precisely measure surface roughness, we researched on how to use the flat and curved reference surface obtained from geometrically corrected digital images of the rock surface by using the least squares method. To test the precision of the proposed technique, the surface roughness has been measured between the reference surface and sample areas of very smooth-surfaced rock. Then the results were compared with the measurements obtained from a laser sensor profilometer.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집 - 한국공작기계학회
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• pp.613-617
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• 2000

This paper descries the effect of the stylus tip size on the measuring error in surface topography measurement. To analyze the distortional effect of an actual surface geometry originating from the finite stylus size, the surface is modeled as a sinusoid and the stylus tip as a circle. the measuring error is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation of a tracing profile and an original profile. It is shown that this measuring error depends on the amplitude and wavelength of an original profile. In this paper, the spectrum analysis is applied to investigate the distortional effect due to the mechanical filtering of the stylus in the frequency domain. and, the cumulative power spectrum is applied to determinate the minimum wavelength limits to be measured with the various stylus tip radius from these results, a new method to select proper stylus tip radius is proposed.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.309-320
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• 2000

Aperture is an important parameter for determining the hydraulic characteristics of fractured media. In this study the topography of artificial rock joint surface was measured using 3D laser profilometer to analyze the aperture distribution. The initial aperture distribution was determined when the contact area became one percent of total joint surface. The initial aperture distribution of granite joint, with the mean value of 0.78 mm and the standard deviation of 0.34 mm was much different from that of the marble joint, with the mean value of 0.57 mm and the standard deviation of 0.26 mm. Apertures of both granite and marble showed normal distributions. Aperture distribution with the contact area of 25% was also analyzed. Mean value was decreased to one third compared to the initial aperture, but the standard deviation was decreased slightly. To determine the spatial correlation of the aperture distribution variogram analysis was carried out on the initial aperture data. Most experimental variograms were fitted well with exponential model. It is expected that the measured aperture characteristics can be used for stochastic analysis of fluid flow through rock joints.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제24권7호통권206호
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• pp.633-642
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• 1986

In order to evaluate the effects of various finishing devices (Sof-Lex disc, diamond point, rubber point, fussure bur) on the surface roughness or two composite resins (Restodent, Enamelite 500), 15 specimens for each composite resin were made in the mold. Composite resin was prepared on the mixing pad by manufacturer's direction and filled in the mold cavity. A sheet of matrix is immediately placed on it and hold for 5 minutes to polymerize the resin. Surface finish was done after 10 minutes from the start of mixing. Scanning electron microscopy and surface profilometer were used to evaluate the surface roughness, porositites and striations of dental composite resins. The following results were observed; 1. The best finished surface was formed by celluloid matrix band. 2. Rubber point was excellent polishing device for Restodent. 3. Sof-Lex disc was the device of choice for polishing Enamelite 500. 4. Different polishing methods were effective for different composite resins. 5. SEMs of variously finished surfaces supported the profilometer measurements.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.98-111
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• 2006

The paper presents the design of an optical profilometer, a device used for the reconstruction of the micro-geometry of mechanical parts in applications where high precision is needed. The design is based on Robust Design, a major' methodology for quality improvement of engineering systems. Several design solutions, namely different hardware and software setups of the device, are compared in order to select a configuration realising a desired trade-off between performance and cost. The peculiarity of the design strategy is the use of a computer model of the measurement process where the physical part of the process is simulated. This allows for an extensive exploration of the design space, thus opening the way to product innovation.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2018

PURPOSE. To investigate the effect of accelerated aging on surface properties of glazed CAD/CAM resin blocks using a 2D surface profilometer and a 3D non-contact optical profilometer. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three types of CAD/CAM resin restorative materials, LAVA Ultimate (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA), VITA Enamic (Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter, Bad $S\ddot{a}ckingen$, Germany), and Cerasmart (GC Corparation, Tokyo, Japan) were used for this study. CAD/CAM blocks were cut in 3-mm thickness slabs and divided into three groups; Group 1: control group (specimens polished with 600 grit SCI paper); Group 2: specimens sandblasted, silanized, and glazed with Optiglaze Color (GC); Group 3: glazed specimens subjected to 5000 thermocycles (n=15). The surface roughness ($R_a$ and $R_z$) was evaluated using a profilometer and a 3D scanning instrument. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post- hoc test (P<.05). RESULTS. LAVA, VITA, and Cerasmart exhibited statistically similar $R_a$ and $R_z$ values for each group (P>.05). For VITA and Cerasmart, the specimens in Group 1 exhibited significantly higher $R_a$ values than Group 2 (P<.05). Group 1 ($0.502R_a$), Group 2 ($0.384R_a$), and Group 3 ($0.431R_a$) exhibited statistically similar $R_a$ values for LAVA (P=.062). After 5000 thermocycles, surface roughness values did not change significantly for glazed LAVA, VITA, and Cerasmart (P>.05). CONCLUSION. Glaze material Optiglaze Color makes CAD/CAM resin surfaces smooth and glazed CAD/CAM surfaces seem resistant to deterioration under 5000 thermocycles.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2013

Purpose: The present study aimed to measure root surface roughness in teeth with periodontitis by a profilometer following root planning with ultrasonic and hand instruments with and without erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation. Methods: Sixty single-rooted maxillary and mandibular teeth, extracted because of periodontal disease, were collected. The crowns and apices of the roots were cut off using a diamond bur and water coolant. The specimens were mounted in an acrylic resin block such that a plain root surface was accessible. After primary evaluation and setting a baseline, the samples were divided into 4 groups. In group 1, the samples were root planned using a manual curette. The group 2 samples were prepared with an ultrasonic scaler. In group 3, after scaling with hand instrumentation, the roots were treated with a Smart 1240D plus Er:YAG laser and in group 4, the roots were prepared with ultrasonic scaler and subsequently treated with an Er:YAG laser. Root surface roughness was then measured by a profilometer (MahrSurf M300+RD18C system) under controlled laboratory conditions at a temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ and 41% humidity. The data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and a t-test (P<0.05). Results: Significant differences were detected in terms of surface roughness and surface distortion before and after treatment. The average reduction of the surface roughness after treatment in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 1.89, 1.88, 1.40, and 1.52, respectively. These findings revealed no significant differences among the four groups. Conclusions: An Er:YAG laser as an adjunct to traditional scaling and root planning reduces root surface roughness. However, the surface ultrastructure is more irregular than when using conventional methods.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2009년도 동계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.475-476
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• 2009

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2002년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.93-98
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• 2002

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2006년도 제31회 학술논문발표회 초록집
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• pp.99-99
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• 2006