• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.868-877
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• 1996

This study was done to analyze research trends and to suggest future perspectives for nursing research on fatigue. The author reviewed 31 Korean and foreign research papers which have been published in the literature since 1970. An analysis of the study focused on the type of research subjects, type of study design. measurement instrument, and its correlated parameters. The results of the study are summarized as follows : First, within all of the studies analayzed, 14 studies were publised in Korea and 17 were published abroad. The number of studies done abroad have been increasing rapidly since 1991. Second, an analysis of the research design of the studies showed, eight studies each, Korean and foreign used survey design. Two Korean studies and seven foreign studies used a correlational design. Four comparative studies were done in Korea, but only two experimetal studies were performed abroad. Therefore, it was found that the trend of the study design used is survey design and there are more correlational studies done abroad than in Korea. Third, the type of the study subjects ; 11 Korean and three foreign studies dealt with healthy people. In addition, three Korean and 14 foreign studies investigated patients with various illnesses. It was found that patients with various illnesses were studied more frequently in foreign studies than in Korean studies. Fourth, the measurement tool used in the Korean studies ; 13 studies used a testible tool to assess patients' subjective symtoms or complaints of fatigue. The most commonly used tool used in 10 studies, was the Fatigue Self-Perception Scale, which was designed by the Labor and Health Institute of Japan. The Visual Analogue Scale was used in two studies, and Piper Fatigue Scale, addtional with physiologic parameters, was used in one study. In the foreign studies, subjective measurement tools were used in 16 studies. A combination of a subjective measurement tool with objective parameters was used in ten studies. For the subjective measurement tool used in the foreign studies, a specific measurement tool developed by the researcher which was used in seven studies. Either Rhoten Fatigue Scale or the Visual Analog Scale were used in three studies. Additionally, in order to identify the relationship between fatigue and psychological factors, The Profile of Mood State was used in three studies. Beck Depression Inventory was used in two studies. The Self Rated Depression Scale, developed by Zung, was used in one study and other measurement tools were used to measure various psychological parameters. Rhoten fatigue Checklist was also used to observe behavior patterns. Lastly, nine studies identified correlations between fatigue and other parameters. A significant correlation was found between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. As a result of the above findings, it can be said that research trends on fatigue are increasing internationally. The selected study designs are survey studies both in Korea and abroad. There are more correlational studies abroad than in Korea. In addition, subjective measurement tools and objective parameters are used variously and combined with each other. had, there is a significant correlation between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. More survey and correlational studies need to be done to identify the relationship of fatigue in patients with various condition or diagnoses and to suggest a scientific basis for nursing interventions with fatigue. Also, a tool to assess patient's subjective, objective, and behavioral aspects on fatigue needs to be developed.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2023

Objective : This study is to examine the practical use of clinical observational evaluation of sensory integration therapy and the difficulty and importance of measuring results for each sub-item, and through this, to confirm the usefulness of the application of Artificial Intelligence measurement technology in clinical observational measurement and the need for application. Methods : The questionnaire consisted of the actual use of the sensory integration evaluation tool, the difficulty of measurement for each detailed item of clinical observation, the usefulness of AI measurement technology, the importance of evaluation for each detailed item, and the need for developing AI measurement technology. Results : The detailed items that were difficult to measure during clinical observation were the Finger-to-Nose Test and Postural control (71.0%), followed by Eye movement and Protective Extension Test (67.7%). 83.9% of the study subjects answered that it would be useful to apply AI measurement technology when observing images. Postural control (on the ball) (90.3%) was the highest item that answered that AI measurement technology was needed, followed by Eye movement (83.9%), and Prone Extension and Protective Extension Test (77.4%). Conclusion : The results confirmed the desire of therapists that clinical observation is an important evaluation tool in the field of child occupational therapy in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.397-405
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• 1999

Purpose: To clarify the usefulness and the limitation of Digora system/sup (R)/ by evaluating the physical characteristics as the quantitative image on Image Plate(Ip). Materials and Methods: Radiograms were taken by Heliodent MD(Siemens Co.. Germany) with the image plate for adult. Cu-step wedge as reference material. and three pieces of dry mandibular bone. Image analysis was performed by single color enhancement. density measurement with histogram. The relationship between the exposure conditions and the distribution of the pixel values of the image. the variation of pixel values of each step of Cu-step wedge at two different area and Cu-equivalent value of three pieces of dry mandibular bone measure by the conversion equation. Results: There was no linear relationship between the exposure condition and the average pixel value of the image. of which the distribution was not even. The pixel value differences between the center portion and the periphery were ranged from 60 to 70 in vertical plane and from 15 to 26 in horizontal plane. Two plot profile formed at two different areas of the Cu-step wedge were different. The measured Cu-equivalent values showed the discrepancy among the times of measurement. Conclusion: As above results. Image Plate(Ip) of Digora system/sup (R)/ showed the limitation as the quantitative image. The physical property of IP was expected to need to be compensated for the quantitative evaluation of the bone or others

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.396-405
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• 2006

The visual analysis of buried channel (Be) devices such as buried channel MOSFETs and CCDs (Charge Coupled Devices) is investigated to give better understanding and insight for their electrical behaviours using a 3-dimensional (3-D) numerical simulation. This paper clearly demonstrates the capability of the numerical simulation of 'EVEREST' for characterising the analysis of a depletion mode MOSFET and BC CCD, which is a simulation software package of the semiconductor device. The inverse threshold and punch-through voltages obtained from the simulations showed an excellent agreement with those from the measurement involving errors of within approximately 1.8% and 6%, respectively, leading to the channel implanted doping profile of only approximately $4{\sim}5%$ error. For simulation of a buried channel CCD an advanced adaptive discretising technique was used to provide more accurate analysis for the potential barrier height between two channels and depletion depth of a deep depletion CCD, thereby reducing the CPU running time and computer storage requirements. The simulated result for the depletion depth also showed good agreement with the measurement. Thus, the results obtained from this simulation can be employed as the input data of a circuit simulator.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.68-77
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• 2005

A transient liquid crystal technique has become one of the most effective ways in measuring the local heat transfer coefficients on the entire surface. The key Point of this technique is to convert the inlet flow temperature into an exponential temperature profile using a mesh heater. In order to verify the validity of this technique. the heat transfer characteristics on the wall surface by a pair of longitudinal vortices is investigated experimently and numerically. A standard ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ is used for the numerical analysis of turbulent flow field. It is found from experiment and numerical analysis that two peak values exist over the whole domain. as the longitudinal vortices move to the farther downstream. these peak values decrease and the dimensionless averaged Nusselt number with the lapse of time is maintained nearly at constant values. The experiment results obtained from the present experiment in terms of the transient liquid crystal technique are in good agreement with the numerical results. Therefore, the transient liquid crystal technique developed for the measurement of heat transfer coefficient is proved to be a valid method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.79-85
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• 2016

Truing process is a very important process for recovering the shape of wheels worn by continuous grinding operation. In this study, the devices, controller, and spindle for electro-discharge truing were developed, and the electro-discharge truing method was applied to metal-bonded grinding wheels and compared with the conventional truing method. The shapes of the grinding wheels were measured by a surface profile measurement device. The protrusion of abrasives on the surface of the wheels was compared with the conventional truing method using an optic microscope measurement device. The experimental results showed that the performance of the electro-discharge truing method, in terms of the protrusion of abrasives on the surface of the wheels and the recovery of the shape of the worn wheels, was similar to that of the conventional truing method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2014

The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has a scaled-down moderator test program to simulate the CANDU6 moderator circulation phenomena during steady state operation and accident conditions. In the present work a preliminary experiment using a 1/8 scaled-down moderator tank has been performed to identify the potential problems of the flow visualization and measurement in the scaled-down moderator test facility. With a transparent moderator tank model, a velocity field is measured with a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique under an isothermal state. The flow patterns from the inlet nozzles to the top region of the tank are investigated using PIV for a 1/8 scale moderator tank.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.147.1-147.1
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• 2011

지식경제부 가스 하이드레이트 개발사업의 일환으로 동해 울릉분지 가스 하이드레이트 2차 시추(Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition: UBGH2)가 2010년 7월 8일부터 9월 30일까지 D/V Fugro Synergy를 이용하여 수행되었다. UBGH2 수행을 위해 선정된 13개 site에서 약 1개월 동안 Schlumberger사의 장비를 이용 Logging-While-Drilling/Measurement-While-Drilling(LWD/MWD) 자료를 취득하였다. LWD/MWD 자료는 선상에서 분석되었으며, 이 결과는 coring 및 borehole plan 수립을 위하여 활용되었다. Coring Phase 동안 10개 site의 18개 hole로부터 퇴적물 코어 시료를 채취하고 선상에서 퇴적학, 지구화학, 생지화학, 물리적 특성 등 각종 분석과 측정 작업을 수행하였다. 약 2개월에 걸쳐 수행된 coring phase 동안에 2개 site에서 FAOL(Fugro Alluvial Offshore Limited)사의 장비를 이용 Wireline Logging/Vertical Seismic Profile(WL/VSP) 자료도 취득하였다. LWD/MWD phase와 coring phase 동안 12개 site에서 무인잠수정(remotely operated vehicle: ROV)를 이용하여 퇴적물 시료 채취, 해저면 관찰, 용존메탄 측정 등의 작업을 수행하였으며, 선상에서 취득된 이들 자료를 분석하였다. Coring을 수행한 모든 site에서 가스 하이드레이트 부존을 확인하였으며, 다양한 산상의 가스 하이드레이트 실물을 회수하고 분석하였다.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.293-298
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• 2008

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gut damage and bacterial translocation (BT) have not been studies well, especially from the perspective of time after administration of NSAIDs. We therefore examined these changes in animals. The study was performed on 5 groups of rat; a control group (group A) and diclofenac groups (groups B, C, E, and F). Rats in the diclofenac groups were orally administered diclofenac sodium before intestinal permeability (IP) measurement (group B, 1 h before measurement; group C, 10 h before; group D, 22 h before; and group E, 52 h before). The IP, stool pellet number, serum biochemical profile, enteric bacterial number, and BT in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), liver, spleen, kidney and heart were measured. The administration of diclofenac resulted in significantly increased IP, caused intestinal protein loss, decreased stool pellet number, caused enteric bacterial overgrowth and increased BT in multiple organs in groups A, B, C, and D. IF, intestinal protein loss, and the BT in the liver and the spleen in group E were decreased than those in group D. There were no differences in the other parameters between group D and E. In the recovery phase of the diclofenac-induced gut damage, enteric bacterial overgrowth and BT in the kidneys and the heart did not change while the BT in the reticuloendothelial systems such as in the MLNs and liver was decreased.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.731-740
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• 2011

An acoustic velocity profiler is developed, which is able to be used for open-channel flow measurement. It measures flow velocity based Doppler effect on acoustic signals, which is estimated by using pulse repetition frequency technique. Laboratory and field tests were made to verify velocity measuring performance of the developed device. It is confirmed that the acoustic velocity profiler can normally measure vertical velocity profile in the range above 0.1 m from the bottom and has equivalent performance to commercial acoustic velocity measuring devices.