• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.299-304
• /
• 1998

1993년에서부터 1996년까지 우리나라에서는 연간 1,500여명의 식중독환자가 발생하는 것으로 보고되고 있으며, 살모넬라균으로 인한 감염 환자수는 세균성 식중독환자의 55.1%를 차지하고 있다. 하지만 신고되지 않은 실제 환자수는 더 많을 것으로 추정되고 있다. 본 연구의 결과로 1996년의 경우 실제 살모넬라균 감염으로 인산 식중독 발병환자는 177,000명으로 추정되었으며, 이는 신고된 환자수의 150배에 해당된다. 그리고 살모넬라균 감염 식중독으로 인해 추정된 최소한의 사회경제적 손실비용은 연간 59억원 정도로 추정되었으며, 본 비용분석에 는 의료비용과 생산성 손실비용만이 포함되었다. 1993년 미국에서 실시한 살모넬라 감염에 대해 추정한 환자수와 사회경제적 손실 비용을 본 연구결과와 비교 시, 인구대비 추정환자수의 경우, 미국은 전체 인구 중 0.36~1.79%가 살모넬라에 감염된 것으로 추정되었고, 우리 나라의 경우도 전체 인구대비로 볼 때는 0.39%로 , 차이가 없는 것으로 보여지고 있다. 또한 사회경제적 손실비용에 있어서도 미국의 경우 GDP의 0.006~0.03%이고, 우리나라의 경우도 GDP의 0.002%로 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타나 우리나라의 살모넬라 감염 식중독 발생도 결코 작은 수준이 아님을 짐작할 수 있다. 이와 같은 추정을 통한 식중독에 대한 사회경제적 손실비용 분석은 위해성 평가의 한 부분으로, 우리나라 식중독관리의 효율성을 평가하고 개선하는데 있어 이용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.363-371
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This analysis was conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of gemcitabine-cisplatin chemotherapy for non small-cell lung cancer patients in an outpatient setting compared with the traditional inpatient setting. Methods: A cost-effective analysis was conducted from a societal perspective. The effects of treatment, which was measured as an adverse event rate, were abstracted from a published literature search and empirical data from one university hospital. The costs included both direct and indirect costs. Direct costs included hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and lab tests. Pharmaceutical costs were excluded in analysis because they were same for both options. Indirect costs included productivity loss of patients as well as care-givers. In order to determine the robustness of the results, sensitivity analysis on treatment protocol was conducted. Results: Literature search showed no difference in adverse effect rates between inpatient treatment protocol and outpatient treatment protocol. Therefore, this analysis is a cost-minimization analysis. Cost-savings in the outpatient setting was 555,936 won for one treatment cycle. Our sensitivity analysis indicated that the outpatient chemotherapy still showed cost-savings, regardless of changes in treatment protocol. Conclusion: The outpatient gemcitabine-cisplatin chemotherapy for non small-cell lung cancer resulted in cost savings compared to inpatient chemotherapy. More importantly, outpatient chemotherapy could improve the utilization of health service resources in terms of available beds.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.44-52
• /
• 2012

합리적인 방법에 의해 결정된 건설 공사비를 포함하여 계약을 체결하는 것은 공공 건설공사의 사업비 관리 측면에서 매우 중요하다. 국내에서는 건설 공사비를 산정하는 기준으로 표준품셈이 사용되고 있지만, 표준품셈에서 제시하는 품의 적정성에 대해서 문제가 제기되고 있으며, 현장의 자원 투입량과 품셈에서 제시하는 자원 투입량의 차이로 합리적이고 효율적인 공사비를 산정하는데 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 건설 공사비를 합리적으로 산정하기 위하여, 공동주택 거푸집 공사의 생산성 분석을 통한 작업조 기반의 Cost Data Prototype을 제시하였다. 특히, CYCLONE 모델은 민감도 분석을 통해 최적의 작업인원을 제시하는 모델이므로, 거푸집 공사의 다양한 작업공간과 작업인원을 대상으로 생산성을 분석할 수 있는 도구로 활용이 가능하다. 그리고 개발된 회귀식은 거푸집 공사의 작업인원을 독립변수로 하여, 필요한 작업량을 종속변수로 예측하는데 활용이 가능할 것이다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권10호
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2021

This study investigates the effects of FDI and other macroeconomic variables on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in selected ASEAN+3 countries from 1981 till 2016. Total Factor Productivity (TFP) for each ASEAN+3 country was constructed using the Malmquist productivity index method. Then, a panel ARDL framework (dynamic heterogeneous panel), namely Pooled Mean Group (PMG), Mean Group (MG), and Dynamic Fixed Effect (DFE) are employed in examining the effects of FDI and other controlling variables on TFP. The new findings show that FDI has a significant and positive impact on TFP in the long run and the short run in ASEAN+3 countries. Besides, the results also reveal that in the long run, other variables such as the average number of years of schooling and the ratio of high-skilled to low-skilled labor also have a significant and positive effect on TFP. However, economic openness, government expenditure on R&D, and interaction between countries and FDI have a negative and significant impact on TFP. These findings implied that the recipient countries must ensure their political stability and offer various incentives to attract more investors. Furthermore, the influx of foreign investors, especially large ones and lower costs, should be encouraged by each country as FDI inflows can boost their TFP growth.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
• /
• 제35권12호
• /
• pp.173-180
• /
• 2019

Construction work is a labor-intensive industry, which is required systematic production activities using materials, manpower, and equipment. Among them, manpower resources play a very important role in achieving efficiently production in the organization. Construction work is highly dependent on construction craft workers, and the level of proficiency can be directly related to the construction productivity and quality. However, a rapidly aging construction craft workers in Korea, is being replaced by a foreign construction craft workers because of advoidance of new laborers in the construction site. In the future, if the continuous development and management of construction manpower is not made properly, it may be lead to adverse effects such as setbacks in production, delayed completion, faulty construction, industrial disasters, and decreased productivity in construction site. In this study, it was proposed four important factors for work capacity management of construction craft workers. These were ensuring of physical strength through the health management of construction craft workers, securing of proficiency through career management, ensuring of productivity through work capacity and establing of informatization through work capacity management. By introducing a systematic system, it is possible to improve construction craft workers' professionalism, enhancing the level of welfare, reflecting the realities of labor costs, increasing the quantitative and qualitative levels of construction craft workers, Futhermore it was demanded the continued interest and policy support for the realization of effective management of construction craft workers.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.177-182
• /
• 2021

The fourth industrial revolution based on information and communication technology (ICT) becomes the center of society, and the overall industrial structure is also changing significantly. ICT refers to the hardware of information devices and the software technologies required for the operation and information management of these devices, and any means of collecting, producing, processing, preserving, communicating and utilizing them. ICT is integrated into industries and services or combined with new technologies in various fields such as robotics and nanotechnology to connect all products and services to the network. The development of ICT, which continuously creates new products and services, has spread to all sectors of the industry, affecting not only daily life but also the livestock sector recently. In agriculture, ICT technology can reduce production costs by efficiently managing labor and energy because it can improve quality and yield based on data on environmental and growth information such as temperature, humidity, light and soil. In particular, smart livestock is considered suitable for achieving livestock management goals because it can reduce labor force and improve productivity by remotely and automatically managing accurate information necessary for raising and breeding livestock with ICT devices. The purpose of this study is to propose the need for ICT technology by comparing farm productivity before and after ICT is introduced. The method of the study is to compare the productivity before and after the introduction of ICT in Korean beef farms, pig farms, and poultry farms. The effectiveness of the study proved the excellence of ICT technology through the production results before ICT introduction and the productivity improvement case of livestock farms that efficiently operated manpower management and reduced labor force after ICT introduction. The conclusion of this paper is to present the need for smart livestock through ICT adoption through case study results.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국공작기계학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 - 한국공작기계학회
• /
• pp.293-298
• /
• 1999

To make use of various switches, relays, and control instruments, a connector (jack) is used to link the battery (power) and operating units. A connector must have precision as well as solidity to control the power in a car. To improve productivity, we researched and developed a connector molding by adapting vacuum system and we've made it possible to minimize the incomplete molding and weld-line. As a result, good quality can be warranted with less costs.

• 한국보건교육건강증진학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국보건교육건강증진학회 1999년도 3rd International Symposium
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 1999

.Half of deaths are caused by life-style related problems in developed nations. .Health promotion can improve life-style and health. .Improvements in life-style and health lead to savings in medical care core costs and enhancements in productivity. .Win-Win-Win-Win : Management, Labor, Employees and Government benefit

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제22권52호
• /
• pp.171-180
• /
• 1999

Industrial equipment reliability improvement and maintenance is gaining attention as the next great opportunity for manufacturing productivity improvement. Reactive maintenance is expensive because of extensive unplanned downtime and damage to machinery. To avoid such an unplanned machine downtime, it is needed to use proactive maintenance approach by either using historical maintenance data or by sensing machine conditions. This paper discusses failure diagonosis and prediction based on the condition-based maintenance and reliability technique. Thus, by enabling such a framework, it can bring us more efficient planning and execution of maintenance to reduce costs and/or increase profits.

• 품질경영학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 1986

In this modern environment, manufacturing companies must continually persevere in their efforts to solve the problems encountered in the effort to improve productivity and quality while simultaneously reducing production costs. In this paper, we have approached the problem of layout planning by using the Muther' Systematic Layout Planning model (1961). This model applied the "H" company layout problem. In conclusion the "H" company mislayout in plant. We have a compare this model to old method ("H" company present layout), we produced a good result in layout.