• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.834-842
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• 2017

Objective: An experiment was to evaluate the interplay of dietary lipid sources and feeding regime in the transition from sow milk to solid food of abruptly weaned piglets. Methods: Soon after weaning, 144 piglets were selected and were trained over a 15 day period to experience gradually reducing dietary fat content from 12% to 6% for lard (L), soybean oil (S), and coconut oil (C) and their feeding behavior and diet preference then tested in a behavior observation experiment. Another 324 weaned piglets were used in three consecutive feeding experiments to measure the effect of different dietary fats on performance and feed choice in the four weeks after abrupt weaning. The lipid sources were used as supplements in a 3% crude fat corn/soya basal diet, with 6% of each being included to form diets 9C, 9S, and 9L respectively, and their effects on performance measured. Combinations of these diets were then further compared in fixed blends or free choice selection experiments. Results: Piglets pre-trained to experience reducing lipid inclusion showed different subsequent preferences according to lipid source, with a preference for lard at 9%, soybean oil at 3%, and coconut oil at 6% inclusion rate (p<0.001). Following abrupt weaning, whilst after 4 weeks those fed 9C had the heaviest body weights (18.13 kg, p = 0.006). Piglets fed a fixed 1:1 blend of 9C+9S had a poorer feed conversion ratio (FCR = 1.80) than those fed a blend of 9C+9L (FCR = 1.4). The 9C and 9L combination groups showed better performance in both fixed blend and free choice feeding regimes. Conclusion: After abrupt weaning, they still have dependence on high oleic acid lipids as found in sow milk. A feeding regime offering free choice combination of lipids might give the possibility for piglets to cope better with the transition at weaning, but further research is needed.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2009

Feeding regimens was investigated for the growth and survival rate of juvenile Maroon clownfish (Premnas biaculeatus) in order to establish a seed production technique for this fish. Three types of feeding regimens were used, and growth and survival were highest under the following regimen: rotifer from day 0, Artemia from day 4, copepod from day 9 and artificial food from day 15, respectively (P<0.05). The average body lengths of the larvae were $6.76{\pm}0.55\;mm$, $7.63{\pm}0.50\;mm$ and $7.33{\pm}0.43\;mm$ in the Nannochloropsis oculata, Isochrysis galbana and control treatments conducted with 3 larvae/L, respectively (P<0.05). There were significant differences in larval growth between the treatments and controls conducted with 6 larvae/L and 9 larvae/L, respectively (P<0.05) but there was no significant difference between the N. oculata and I. galbana treatments (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in larval growth between the treatments at densities of 3-9 larvae/L (P>0.05). At highest density level, the larvae reared in I. galbana had the highest survival rate whereas survival was lowest in the control.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.217-240
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• 2017

이 연구는 영상콘텐츠분야 연구의 의제설정 경향을 분석하여, 정권별 정책과 연결되는 의미화 과정을 제시했다. 이를 위해 문화산업의 도입시점인 <문민정부(1993년)>부터 <박근혜정부(2016년)>까지의 영상콘텐츠 석박사학위논문 총 2,624편의 초록에서 43,991개의 단어를 추출하고 의미연결망 분석을 실시하였다. 분석방법은 R프로그램의 다양한 패키지를 활용하였으며, 이를 통해, 텍스트 분석과 시각화를 도출하였다. 연구 결과는, 첫째, 영상콘텐츠분야 연구는 출현빈도별, 정권순서별로 '영상', '미디어', '콘텐츠'의 순위와 순서로 진화되었다. 둘째, 정권별로는 3단계 연구흐름을 볼 수 있다. <문민정부>는 '교육'과 '표현', <국민의정부>와 <참여정부>에서는 '미디어', <이명박정부>와 <박근혜정부>에서는 '콘텐츠'관련 연구들이 중심이 되었다. 셋째, 연구대상 기간 또는 정권별 기간 내내 지속적으로 꾸준하게 진행되는 연구주제는 '방송', '디지털', '기술', '제작' 등이며, 향후에도 계속 진행될 것으로 보인다. 마지막으로 각 정권마다 새롭게 등장한 연구대상이 있었다. <문민정부>는 '콤팩트디스크기억장치(CD-ROM)', <국민의정부>는 '워터마크', '고화질', '3D', '가상현실', <참여정부>는 '플랫폼', <이명박정부>는 '모바일', '애플리케이션', <박근혜정부>는 '스마트'이며, '콤팩트디스크기억장치'와 '워터마크' 등은 단기에 소멸되었다. 연구의 의제설정과 산업화 과정에서 트렌드와 미래예측이 필요하다고 보여 진다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2001

Two rice cultivars of the japonica type, ozone-resistant Ilpumbyeo (IL) and ozone-susceptible Keu-mobyeo#l (KM) were exposed to ozone ($O_3$) at 0.15 ppm for 30 days. The available nutrient regimes were varied by doubling the supply of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) within a basic fertilizer status (N, P, K; 15, 12, 12 kg l0$a^{-1}$). There was little difference on plant height between ozone-treated and nontreated plants. The most significant ozone stress on tiller number was shown on the 30th day of ozone exposure. Slight recovery from ozone stress was noted on the 60th day. On the 30th day, tiller number was greatly decreased by 40.8% in IL and 64.6% in KM, whereas at a high nitrogen supply regime (2N), it was decreased by 21.4% in IL and 42.7% in KM as compared to the control not treated with ozone at basic fertilizer status. The inhibition of tiller production caused by ozone exposure was alleviated on the 60th day. In both cultivars, number of spikelets per plant and weight of 100 grains were affected little by the ozone treatment irrespective of nutrient regime. However, the number of panicles per plant and yield were reduced significantly. In both cultivars, yield of ozone-treated plants with 2N status was 12.4-16.1 % higher than that of the ozone-treated plants with basic nutrient status. A significant yield decrease of 47.8% and 33.4% was observed for IL and KM, respectively, in ozone-treated plants with higher potassium (2K) status.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2012

Compensatory growth of grower olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was determined at suboptimal temperature ($13.0{\pm}1.9^{\circ}C$). Fifteen fish averaging 201.1 g per tank were distributed into 18 of 300 L flow-through tanks. Six treatments were prepared in triplicate: fish were hand-fed with an extruded pellet to apparent satiation once a day for 16 weeks (16 WF); and the other five groups of fish were hand-fed for 15, 14, 13, 12 and 10 weeks after 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-week feed deprivation, referred to as 15 WF, 14 WF, 13 WF, 12 WF and 10 WF, respectively. A linear relationship between body weight of fish and feed deprivation was observed: Y (Body weight of fish) = -1.81X (Weeks of feed deprivation)+201.07, $R^2$ = 0.83. Weight gain of grower olive flounder in 15 WF, 14 WF, 13 WF and 12 WF treatments was comparable to that of fish in 16 WF treatment, but lower than that of fish in 10 WF treatment. Specific growth rate of fish in 15 WF treatment was higher than that of fish in 16 WF, 14 WF and 10 WF treatments. Feed consumption of fish was not affected by feeding regime. Feed and protein efficiency ratios of fish in 15 WF treatment were higher than those of fish in 13 WF, 12 WF and 10 WF treatments. Grower olive flounder could achieve full compensatory growth when fish were daily fed for 12 weeks after 4-week feed deprivation at suboptimal temperature.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1148-1156
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• 2011

Compensatory growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed different diets with different feeding regime was compared. Four hundred fifty fish (twenty five fish per tank) were randomly distributed into 18 of 180 L flow-through tanks. Six treatments were prepared: fish were hand-fed with the control (C) diet to satiation twice a day, six days a week, for 8 weeks (C-8W treatment); and other groups of fish were starved for 2 weeks and then fed with the C, high protein (HP), high carbohydrate (HC), high lipid (HL), and combined protein, carbohydrate and lipid (CPCL) diets to satiation twice a day, six days a week, for 6 weeks, referred to as C-6W, HP-6W, HC-6W, HL-6W, and CPCL-6W treatments, respectively. Final body weight of fish in HP-6W treatment was higher than that of fish in C-6W, but not different from that of fish in C-8W, HC-6W, HL-6W and CPCL-6W treatments. Specific growth rate of fish in HP-6W treatment was higher than that of fish in all other treatments except for fish in CPCL-6W treatment. Feeding rate of fish in C-8W treatment was higher than that of fish in HP-6W, HC-6W, HL-6W and CPCL-6W treatments, but not different from that of fish in C-6W treatment. In addition, feeding rate of fish in C-6W treatment was higher than that of fish in HP-6W, HL-6W and CPCL-6W treatments. Feed and protein efficiency ratios of fish in HP-6W, HC-6W, HL-6W and CPCL-6W treatments were higher than those of fish in C-6W treatment. None of moisture, crude protein and ash content of the whole body of fish excluding the liver was different among treatments. Dietary supplementation of protein, carbohydrate, lipid and their combination could improve compensatory growth of fish when fish were fed for 6 weeks after 2-week feed deprivation; especially, supplementation of dietary protein was the most effective to improve compensatory growth of fish.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1301-1309
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• 2020

Objective: To evaluate the use of nurse sows and post-weaning nutrition strategies for low wean weight (WW) pigs on lifetime growth and efficiency. Methods: Animals (n = 270) were assigned to one of five treatments at 28 d. Low WW pigs (<6 kg) were either weaned and offered a special dietary regime recommended for low WW pigs (WEAN) or placed on a nurse sow (NURSE) and weaned at 49 d. Normal WW pigs (9 kg) (NORM) were also weaned at 28 d. After weaning, NORM and NURSE pigs were offered either a 'high' (4 kg/pig of starter 1 diet followed by 8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) or 'low' (8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) starter diet allowance in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. A typical grower diet was then offered, followed by a typical finisher diet until 147 d of age. Results: NORM pigs where heavier throughout their life compared to NURSE pigs (91.4 kg vs 76.2 kg at 147 d; p<0.001). WEAN pigs were heavier at 70 d compared to NURSE pigs (23.9 kg vs 21.0 kg; p<0.001), but there was no significant difference at 147 d between NURSE and WEAN treatments. NURSE pigs had reduced feed intake throughout the finishing period (1.6 kg/d; p<0.001) compared to WEAN (2.0 kg/d) and NORM (1.9 kg/d) pigs. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of NURSE (2.20) was lower than NORM and WEAN during the finishing period (2.40 and 2.79, respectively). Conclusion: Extended (up to 49 d) nursing for low WW pigs resulted in improved FCR during the finishing period, but no overall improvement in growth rate compared to low WW pigs weaned at 28 d and offered a specialised starter regime. Normal WW pigs where significantly heavier than low WW pigs throughout the study.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.36-49
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• 2020

This study pertains to direction of exports direction of major agricultural commodities viz., rice, maize, bengal gram, chillies and cotton from India. In the ensuing next decade during 21st century, India is likely to witness changes in the export pattern of these commodities due to both internal and external constraints. One of the major internal constraints is mounting cost of production. Similarly, one of the most important external constraints include excessive subsidization by importing countries that makes Indian commodities less competitive in the international market. So, the important research question is to analyse the direction of exports of major agricultural commodities from India during post-WTO regime. The dynamic nature of trade pattern of the selected commodities was analyzed by employing the first order Markov process by examining gains and losses in respect of export shares of major Indian agricultural commodities to different countries. During the post-WTO regime, it was found that Saudi Arabia for rice, Bangladesh for maize, Pakistan for bengal gram, Malaysia for (dry) chillies, China, mainland for cotton are the loyal destinations for the commodities. The increasing demand for the selected commodities in countries like Saudi Arabia, Côte d'Ivoire for rice; Malaysia for maize; Pakistan and Algeria for Bengal gram; USA and Sri Lanka for (dry) chillies and Vietnam, Pakistan and Indonesia for cotton need to be explored for augmenting the exports. In order to achieve this goal, it is essential that consumer preferences in newer markets, market intelligence and impediments for augmenting exports need to be researched. It is also high time to analyze the export competitiveness of selected commodities across these importing countries.

• 천문학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2005

The temperature (T) and entropy (S) fields of baryonic gas, or intergalactic medium (IGM), in the ACDM cosmology are analyzed using simulation samples produced by a hybrid cosmological hydrodynamic/N-body code based on the weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme. We demonstrate that, in the nonlinear regime, the dynamical similarity between the IGM and dark matter will be broken in the presence of strong shocks in the IGM. The heating and entropy production by the shocks breaks the IGM into multiple phases. The multiphase and non-Gaussianity of the IGM field would be helpful to account for the high-temperature and high-entropy gas observed in groups and clusters with low-temperature IGM observed by Ly$\alpha$ forest lines and the intermittency observed by the spikes of quasi-stellar object's absorption spectrum.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.25-52
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• 2005

Since late 1990's, the Fish Aquiculture Households belong Fishing Community have been faced very serious pressure of management. The surface factors of this situation have been understood to overproduction and too much imports from China, but basic factor was caused structural problem, that is considered small scale production system. Then, We should enlarge scale of the Fish Aquiculture Households belong Fishing Community to overcoming profitability aggravation. To the Enlargement of Scale, We should consider to change the regime of Fishing Community that means two practical programs. First, it need to enlarge the scale of Fishing Community than now, and Second, it need to incorporate the Fishing Community for exclusive Management of Fish Aquiculture Rights.