• 한국항해학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

There are three basic modes of operation of ships: liner, tramp and industrial operations. Industrial operations, where the owner of the cargo, i.e. the industrial carrier controls the ships, abound in the shipment of bulk commodities, such as oil, chemicals and ores. Industrial carriers strive to minimize the shipping cost of their cargoes. This paper is concerned with the operational optimization problem of a fleet owned by major international oil company. The major oil company is a holding corporation for a group of oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing companies located in various countries throughout the world. The operational optimization problem of the fleet is divided into two-phases. The front end corresponds to the optimization of transporting crude oil, product mix, and the distribution of product oil to meet market demand. The back end tackles the operational optimization problem of the fleet to meet the transportation demand derived from the front end. A case study is carried out with the H major oil company problem composed by reflecting the practices of an international major oil company. The results are summarized and examined in the point of optimization for the total operation of the H major oil company and the operational optimization problem of the fleet. The paper concludes with the remark that the results of the study might be useful and applicable in practices of these related decision problems.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2005

Ship STEP(Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data) which is composed of AP 215 (Ship Arrangement), AP 216(Ship Hull Form), AP 218 (Ship Structure), has been developed more than last 10 years and it is now at the stage just before IS(International Standard). It is expected that ship STEP would be used for the seamless data exchange among various CAD/CAM/CAE systems of shipbuilding process. In this paper the huge and complicated data structure of ship STEP is briefly reviewed at the level of ARM(Application Reference Model) and some abstract test cases which will be included as part of the standards are introduced. Basically ship STEP has common data model to be used without losing compatibility among those three different ship AP's, and it is defined as the modeling framework. Typical cases of data exchange during shipbuilding process, such as hull form data exchange between design office and model basin, midship structure data between shipbuilding yard and classification society are reviewed and STEP physical data are generated using commercial geometric modeling kernel. Test cases of ship arrangement at initial design stage and hydrodynamic data of crude oil carrier are also included.

• 한국과학예술포럼
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• 제19권
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• pp.319-330
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• 2015

The characteristics of products and services that induce natural activities of people, namely affordances, play critical roles in making interactions successful and meaningful. Earlier a methodological framework for design for affordances has been devised where repositories of affordance features are used. Affordance features are retrieved from the repository so that the new affordance feature is to be designed through an analogical reasoning. In two classes of Product-Service Systems Design education, this design for affordance method has been introduced in a tutorial setting for designing a hand carrier cart. This paper describes how the method was introduced and shows new affordance features in their design proposals with source affordance features retrieved from the repository. Implications obtained from this tutorial effort are discussed to enrich practical application of the design for affordance method. The study tries to suggest new product design method by using affordance feature repository.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.78-89
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• 2000

제품이나 시스템의 품질은 오늘날에 이르러 고객만족을 의미하기에 더욱 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 이러한 품질의 한 특성으로 인식되는 성능은 주어진기능을 얼마나 잘 수행하는가를 의미하는 것으로 고객만족에 가장 접근하는 특성이다. 하지만 선박과 같은 대형 구조물을 다루는 공학자에 있어서 안전성은 사고 시에 발생하는 파괴나 인명피해 등과밀접하게 관계되어 있기 때문에 그 중요성이 더욱 크게 인식되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 구조물에서 중요하게 인식되는 성능과 안전성을 이용하여 품질기능전개(QFD)를 이용하여 성능을 분석하고 파괴모드 및 영향분석(FMEA)을 이용하여 안전성을 분석함으로써 고객의 요구사항에 기반을 둔 품질 분석 방법을 제시한다. 또한 이를 살물선의 화물창구에 적용하여 성능과 안전성 측면에서 중요한 부재를 각각 8가지, 12가지로 파악하였으며, 이들 중에서 공통으로 지적된 7가지 부재들은 설계자가 설계 시 특별한 관심을 갖고 우선적으로 개선해야 할 부분이다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.68-74
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• 1997

The conversion of D-sorbitol to L-sorbose by Gluconobater suboxydans was analyzed, and continuous production of L-sorbose was carried out in immobilized cell reactors. L-Sorbose production by high densities of resting cells was more effective than by conventional batch fermentations. Sorbitol dehydrogenase, an enzyme converting D-sorbitol to L-sorbose, did not suffer from substrate inhibition, but from product inhibition. When L-sorbose production was carried out with Ca-alginate-immobilized cells, about 60 g/l of L-sorbose was obtained. On the other hand, when the corn steep liquor (CSL) concentration of medium was reduced to 0.08%, 80 g/l of L-sorbose was obtained. Outgrowth inside the immobilized carriers was thought to block the pores of the carriers so that substrate could not easily diffuse through the carriers. Continuous production of L-sorbose was well accomplished in a bubble column reactor, and 6. 5 g/l.h of productivity and 81.2% of yield were obtained at a substrate feeding rate of 0.08h$^{-1}$ under the optimum conditions with carrier volume of 55% and aeration rate of 3 vvm.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제22권3호spc1호
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• pp.17-34
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• 1992

A novel drug delivery system, detergent-phospholipid mixed micelles as proliposomes, for water-insoluble compounds was developed by investigating (i) spontaneous formation of small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) from bile salt-egg phosphatidylcholine mixed micelles, (ii) the molecular mechanism of micelle-to-vesicle transition in aqueous mixtures of detergent-phospholipid, (iii) preparation and screening of a suitable liposomal formulation for a lipophilic drug: solubilization of the drug within the lipid bilayer, evaluation of the solubility limit, and characterization of the resulting product with respect to the physical properties and stability of the drug in the system, and (iv) testing antitumor activity in vitro. The results showed that the new carrier had a strong possibility to be a biocompatible universal formulation for water-insoluble drugs.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.160-168
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• 2010

This paper examines a particular period in Japanese history. when clothing was systemically changed through government policy. It demonstrates the complex relationships between an Eastern nation and a Western clothing system. It also explores the complexity of roles which clothing plays in society, clothing which brands a nation as masculine, but which resists the discourses of modernity, which were found on native clothing. It demonstrates that native, Japanese clothing has always been developing to meet the needs of its wearers, according to technology, sumptuary laws and prevailing tastes, and therefore that fashion is not any more a product of Europe than it is of the East. It reveals the Japanese fashion system as a complex and multi-dimensional one, about surface design rather than change in shape, bur also being about inner and deep surfaces as well as outer surfaces for public presentation, and thus being a carrier for private as well as public discourses. This examination also demonstrates that whilst fashion may be intimately bound up with the forces of society and also politics, it is also a force which resists outside control, and develops because of the signification with which the embodied wearers endow it.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.2751-2755
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• 2011

The visible vibronic emission spectrum was recorded from the corona discharge of precursor 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene with a large amount of inert carrier gas helium using a pinhole-type glass nozzle coupled with corona excited supersonic expansion. The spectrum showed a series of vibronic bands in the $D_1{\rightarrow}D_0$ electronic transition of jet-cooled benzyl-type radicals formed from the precursor in a corona excitation. The analysis confirmed that two isomeric radicals, 2,3,4- and 2,3,6-trimethylbenzyl radicals, were produced as a result of removal of a hydrogen atom from the methyl group at different substitution positions. For each isomeric product, the electronic transition and a few vibrational mode frequencies were determined in the ground electronic state.

• 한국품질경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국품질경영학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.161-167
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• 2010

Recently, the number of input method by Smart-Phone increasing in handheld digital product released. According to the development of telecommunication speed of middle carrier, demand for the multimedia contents is high so, it demands that the display of smart-phone shall be large. It is expected that the market share of smart-phone will be constantly getting bigger. For the robust changes, related study is not done too much for smart-phone. As the market of smart-phone, it is expected that the necessity of relevant study is salient issue.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.498-503
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• 2009

This paper presents the vibration problem of the Engine Casing (E/C) "B" deck in the handymax vessel and describes a method to avoid resonance. The first ship of the series did not have any vibration issue on the "B" deck. However, resonance condition occurred when additional machine was installed to the following vessels. To understand the dynamic characteristics of the deck, the normal mode analysis and impact test have been performed. Within the normal operating range of the vessel, the $1^{st}$ natural frequency of the E/C "B" deck is close to the main engine's $6^{th}$ order. Based on these analysis, a reinforcement on the deck was suggested and it proved to be effective. Since actual impact test after the reinforcement also confirmed the resonance avoidance.