• Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2012

Bletilla striata is an important herb that is used as a paste for texture processing, an ingredient in incense and an additive for preserving calligraphic works and paintings. This study evaluated Bletilla striata, which has been used to preserve and manage the textiles and paper. In particular, this study examined the viscosity of a paste made from Bletilla striata, as well as the mechanical characteristics and antibiotic properties of the fabrics treated with the herb. In terms of viscosity, Bletilla striata paste was less sticky than wheat flour paste, meaning that the former can be applied more evenly to sized fabrics. In addition, Bletilla striata paste has high transparence, ensuring little color difference between the fabrics treated and not treated with the paste. Regarding the mechanical characteristics of the fabrics processed using the KES-FB System, the sized fabrics treated with Bletilla striata paste showed a higher flexibility and recovery rate and than those treated with the wheat flour paste, indicating that the former paste can be more effective in making fabrics maintain their original form and shape. Finally, silk fabrics treated with Bletilla striata showed very high antibiosis. This suggests that the paste can be used to develop antibiotic substances that can preserve textiles.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.436-445
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• 2015

The effects of substituting whey protein concentrate (WPC) powder for rice flour in the preparation of seolgiddeok were determined by objective and subjective tests. Milk whey is drained from milk curd as a by-product of the cheese manufactureing process. Whey protein is known as a good nutritional source and is a functional material for many processed foods. WPC contains more than 80% whey protein. The moisture content decreased gradually during storage and the decrease in moisture was less in the control than in the WPC powder substituted groups. The color lightness (L) decreased significantly as the amount of WPC powder increased, wherease redness (a) and yellowness (b) both increased. Texture analyses revealed that the hardness, chewiness, gumminess and adhesiveness of seolgiddeok tended to increase in proportion to the amount of WPC powder in the formula. Seolgiddeok gelatinization was investigated by amylographing. Initial pasting temperature, peak viscosity, hot pasting viscosity and breakdown were low in seolgiddeok prepared with WPC powder substituted for rice flour. Setback had the lowest value in the control. Sensory evaluations revealed that, seolgiddeok prepared with 3% WPC powder had the highest overall acceptability score. These results indicated that WPC seolgiddeok with 3% WPC powder has the best quality.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop Zingiber officinale Roscoe powder(ginger powder) sweet rice muffins. The process included substituting sweet rice flour for cake flour and adding ginger powder. The mixing conditions for the ginger powder sweet rice muffins were a control and three levels of ginger powder (A), whole egg (B), and soybean oil (C) using central composite design, and were optimized by response surface methodology. The optimization was analyzed with regard to physical, textural, and sensory properties. Among the sensory properties, variables that appeared to show significant values, such as appearance, flavor, softness and overall quality were used to identify optimums. The numerical and graphical methods used in this study determined that the optimum formulation for ginger powder sweet rice muffins was 8.39 g of ginger powder, 215.37 g of whole egg, and 54.40 g of soybean oil. Ginger increases appetite, enhances metabolism and reduces the speed of aging. These health advantages of ginger provide evidences that ginger powder sweet rice muffins are a good healthy snack, particularly for the elderly.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 1996

To investigate physicochemical and cooking properties of parboiled rice, choochung paddy processed to parboiled rice by three methods (PL, PT, PA) milled and examined hydration, cooking qualities and firming rate of cooked parboiled rice. The results were obtained as follows. The longer the steaming time during parboiling the larger EMC of soaked parboiled rice. Water uptake rate constants (k) of all the parboiled rice during soaking except for PT rice were generally increased than those of raw rice. The longer the steaming time during parboiling the greater volume increase rate constants ( $k_{v}$) of parboiled rice samples. The glelatinization temperature of parboiled rice flour by DSC was more increased than that of raw rice flour. Gelatinized entalpy was decreased and gelatinization content (%SG: degree of starch gelatinization) was increased by parboiling process. In cooking tests, parboiled rices were harder than raw rice and softness (reciprocal of hardness) was greater PT30, PA, PL30 in turns the cooking time of the parboiled rice took longer 3-10 min than that of raw rice, PL30 took longer time than anyother rices. Cooking water of parboiled rices could be observed lighter turbidities than that of raw rice. Firming rate constants of cooked rice during storage 24 hours were generally decreased by parboiling-processing. The time constants, reciprocal of firming constants of cooked PL30 rice were 2 times slower than those of cooked raw rice.e.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.83-94
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• 1992

As the result of the research on the manufacturing procedure of Sogog-ju in the classical literature(35 kinds), it was found that Sogog-ju is usually brewed on the first Boar day of January and Sogog-ju base is added to it in about 7days and then the fermentation of Sogog-ju comes to end in about 21 days. The material grains out of 48 items, used in the first step of brewing Sogog-ju, are nonglutnous rice 47 items(98%), flour 20items(42%), somnuruk 9 items(19%) out of nuruk (fermenter) 48 items (100%) and nuruk water 5 items(17%), and flour 3 items(6%) are used, but fermenter nuruk is not used. When the grains are used in the first step of brewing, they are usually in the form of gruel and rice cake, and in the second step of brewing, they are usually made into steam water soaked rice. Nuruk, Which is largely used in the first step, is usually put after the processed grains get cold, but in the second step of brewing, it may be put into the still warm grains. There are hardly any cases when nuruk is used in conspicously small quantity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.455-460
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• 2001

장기간 저장된 정부미의 품질을 개선하기 위하여 개발된 찹쌀가루 물을 이용한 청결미의 품질 평가를 실시하였다. 쌀의 수분 함량은 모두 약 14% 이상으로 수분 함량으로 인한 품질차이를 초래할 만큼의 차이가 없었으며 찹쌀가루 물로 세척한 청결미의 수분활성도는 일반 청결미보다 상대적으로 높았다. 동일한 정부미로 생산되었으나 찹쌀가루 물로 씻은 청결미가 단순히 물로만 세척된 청결미와 비교하여 단백질 함량이 상승되어 찹쌀 가루 물로부터 단백질이 첨가된 것으로 생각된다. 쌀가루의 호화 양상은 물로 씻은 청결미는 햅쌀과 비교하여 저장된 쌀의 특성을 나타내었으며, 찹쌀가루 물로 씻은 청결미는 세척과정에서 유입된 찹쌀가루에 의하여 찹쌀의 호화 양상으로 인하여 물로 씻은 청결미에 비하여 호화 점성이 낮아지고 햅쌀에 가까운 전분의 호화특성을 나타내었다. 색도계로 측정된 쌀의 명도와 백색도와 황색도는 모두 물로 씻은 청결미가 가장 높았다. 조리된 밥은 쌀보다 세척에 따른 색의 차이가 더욱 뚜렷이 나타나서, 일반 청결미의 황색도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 밥의 색깔 차이는 육안으로 더욱 뚜렷이 구별되어, 밥의 관능 검사 결과 일반 청결미와 찹쌀가루 물로 씻은 청결미간에 유의적인 차이에 의하여 찹쌀가루 물로 씻은 청결미의 황색도가 감소된 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 햅쌀로 조리된 밥은 색과 외관 및 물성과 맛 및 전체 적인 선호도가 가장 좋으나, 찹쌀가루 물로 씻은 청결미로 조리된 밥이 물로 씻은 청결미로 조리된 밥에 비하여 관능 검사의 모든 항목에서 유의적으로 향상되었음을 확인할 수 있었으므로, 찹쌀가루 물을 이용하여 오래도록 저장된 쌀을 청결미로 개발하는 방법은 정부미로 조리된 밥의 식미감을 향상시키기 위한 효과적인 방법으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2010

ADA는 밀가루 개량제로 사용기준이 설정되어 있는 식품첨가물이나 이의 사용량과 잔류량을 확인할 수 있는 시험분석법이 확립되어 있지 않은 상태임으로 사전 사후 안전관리를 위해서 ADA를 밀가루 및 빵류에서 분석 가능한 방법을 확립하고자 하였다. 식품 중 ADA의 분석을 위하여 컬럼, 이동상 조건, 전처리 조건, 기기조건 등을 검토하여 HPLC를 이용한 분석법을 확립하였으며, 개발된 분석법의 회수율, 분석법의 유효성 검증 등을 검토하였다. 회수율은 91.93~97.54%로 양호하였으며, 검출한계(LOD)는 0.02 mg/L의 농도이었고, 정량한계(LOQ)는 0.05mg/L의 농도이었다. 확립된 분석법에 의해 밀가루 등 51건, 빵류 59건에 대하여 ADA 함량을 분석한 결과 밀가루 1건에서 0.95 mg/kg의 농도로 검출되었으나 (검출율 : 2%), 빵류에서는 검출되지 않았다. 검출된 ADA의 양은 사용기준인 밀가루 1 kg당 45 mg에 비하여 매우 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 확립된 식품 중 ADA의 사후관리에 기여할 것으로 본다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2017

This study was performed to investigate the physicochemical properties of raw and roasted oats for the production of processed goods. Changes in particle size, pH, moisture content, Hunter b value, polyphenols, proteins, flavonoids, lipid rancidity, ${\beta}-glucan$ content and sensory evaluation were compared between raw and roasted hulled oats (HO) and de-hulled oats (DO) after heating treatment at 0, 80, 120, 160 and $200^{\circ}C$. HO was more finely crushed than DO. The Hunter b value of HO was lower than that of DO, which increased sharply at $200^{\circ}C$. The pH range was from 6.2 to 6.6, with an average value of 6.4. In contrast to the protein contents of the two oat types, polyphenol content showed gradual decrease as roasting temperature increased. A comparison of the flavonoid content of HO with DO, indicated difference in the increase of flavonoids with increasing temperature. The protein content of HO was observed to be higher than that of DO. Furthermore, the protein level was slightly increased with increasing temperature. Malonidialdehyde (MDA) content was statistically identical from $0^{\circ}C$ to $160^{\circ}C$, but then increased sharply at $200^{\circ}C$. As expected, the ${\beta}-glucan$ content of HO was higher than that of DO. The ${\beta}-glucan$ content of HO was decreased at $80^{\circ}C$, but increased from $120^{\circ}C$ to $200^{\circ}C$. In contrast, the ${\beta}-glucan$ of DO increased constantly compared to the control. Variations in sensory characteristics such as color, taste, smell and overall preference were observed. There were statistically significant difference among the sensory characteristics of the two oat types heated at $0^{\circ}C$ and $120^{\circ}C$ and at $160^{\circ}C$ and $200^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Our collective results, including those for particle size, MDA, protein, ${\beta}-glucan$ content and sensory evaluation, indicated that HO would be more useful in the development of processed goods than DO, and that an optimum temperature for roasting oats is approximately $160^{\circ}C$ for 15 min. Moreover, our results indicate that suitable roasting temperatures and cultivars are necessary to produce high-quality processed oat goods.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2011

Methods: This study was performed to estimate the use of frozen convenience food in middle schools located in the Daegu district. Objectives: These schools have directly managed school meal services. The subjects for this study were 145 students and 66 dieticians. The study involved a survey on food preference and quantity satisfaction of the students and the frequency of use of frozen convenience food in the daily menu. Results: As the result, 50.0% of the students were not satisfied with the meat and poultry quantity from school meals(felt small), and 25.0% of students were not satisfied with vegetables(felt much). The majority of students (50.7%) who were not satisfied with vegetables said they were dissatisfied with the school food because of the taste. On the other hand, 36.6% said they were dissatisfied because they dislike vegetables in general. As for the use and frequency rate of frozen convenience food, the survey results were revealed in the order of dumpling 58.3% > processed meat 50.0% > chicken 50.0% > frozen marine food 40.4% > cuttlefish 30.3% > miscellaneous 26.3% > vegetable & potatoes 14.4%. It was found that many schools employing more than five workers did not use flour-based frozen foods in their menu. As for the use of the frozen processed food, many schools which had an average food cost of more than 1,700 Won were found to use frozen foods more than once a month. In addition, chicken was not used often at the schools whose average food cost was less than 1,500 Won while many schools, whose average food items cost was more than 1,500 Won, incorporated chicken into the menu once a month. Processed flour food [hot dog] was used often by schools whose average food cost was between 1,500 Won and 1,600 Won. As for the actual conditions of using frozen convenience food, there was a significant difference in the use of chicken in relation with the number of food service recipients. As a result, the use of frozen convenience food has been shown to be related with food cost, number of food preparers, and the number of school students.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.435-440
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• 2018

This study analyzed the general components of rice bread with 75% rice content such as water, crude ash, crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrate, and its nutrients such as vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E content, minerals, amino acids, and fatty acids. The contents of crude protein were high and those of crude fat were low with the contents of crude ash, crude protein, and crude fat being 1.61, 18.50, 0.04 g/100 g respectively. Vitamin A was not detected and the contents of vitamin C and vitamin E were 3.85 and 3.04 mg/100 g, respectively. The calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron and sodium contents were 222.0, 117.90, 24.12, 2.30, 555.90 mg/100 g respectively. Rice bread contains 9 essential amino acids such as valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, lysine, phenylalanine, histidine, and arginine. The analysis of rice bread fatty acid showed 58.04 mg/100 g of saturated fatty acid, 26.31mg/100 g of monounsaturated fatty acid and 15.64 mg/100 g of polyunsaturated fatty acid. The total essential fatty acid content was 15.49 mg/100 g. With the rising interest in processed rice products, well-being, and diet, it is necessary to develop processed rice foods that are nutritional and low in calories using rice powder that is nutritionally better than flour.