• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2000

In general, neural networks are widely used for the category classification of multispectral images. Since the input multispectral images into neural networks we, however, low contrast images, neural networks converge very slowly and are of bad performance. To overcome this problem, we propose a new image enhancement method which consists of smoothing process, finding the main valley and enhancement process. In addition the enhanced images by the proposed method are used as the input of neural networks for the category classification. When the new category classification method is applied to multispectral LANDSAT TM images, we verified that the neural networks converge very lastly and that the overall category classification performance is improved.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.21-35
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• 2012

In consideration of the injuries and deaths occurring at manufacturing sites due to the use of inappropriate work clothes or safety devices, this study aims to categorize manufacturing work processes to develop functional work clothes for heavy industries including the automobile, machine and shipbuilding industries in South Korea. Defining the features of the work environments and work postures of these industries provided for a categorization of the work processes which would enable the development of suitable work clothes for each work process' category. The results of the study based on a questionnaire survey are as follows: Work process category 1, including steel panel pressing and auto body assembly, final inspection (in automobile) and inspection (in machine), requires work clothes with upper body and arm mobility and performance to protect from the toxic fume factor. Work process category 2, consisting of welding (in automobile), cutting-and-forming (in machine) and attachment-and-construction (in shipbuilding), requires clothing elasticity, durability and heat and fire resistance. Work process category 3 comprising welding and grinding in the machine and shipbuilding industries, requires work clothes' tear resistance and elasticity, particularly for lateral bending mobility, and work clothes' sleeves' and pants' hemlines with sealed designs to defend against iron filing penetration, as well as incombustible and heat-resistant material performance. Finally, work process category 4, including painting in machine and shipbuilding, requires work clothes with waterproofing, air permeability, thermal performance, elasticity, durability and abrasion resistance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.204-209
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• 1999

In general, neural networks are widely used for the category classification. But when low contrast images, such as multispectral images, are used as the input of neural networks, neural networks converge very slowly and are of bad performance. To overcome this problem, we propose a new image enhancement method which consists of smoothing process, finding the main valley and enhancement process. And the enhanced images by the proposed method are used as the input of neural networks for the category classification. When the new category classification method is applied to multispectral LANDSAT TM images, we verified that neural networks converge very fast and overall category classification performance is improved.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.109-138
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• 2010

This study examined how practical reasoning process is reflected in the 2007 revised home economics textbook of the 7th grade that is being used in schools since 2010. For a textbook analysis of the components of practical reasoning process, 12 published textbooks were all analyzed, and analysis areas were decided by reconstructing the textbook system into introduction, body contents, learning activities, evaluation. Analysis criteria were extracted from the previous literatures. Practical reasoning process was classified into Valued Ends, Context and Background, Alternatives and Means, on sequence, and Action and Reflection. As a result of analyzing categories and problems that practical reasoning process is reflected in the textbook, firstly, here was a category, which Valued Ends was absent in the practical reasoning process. In the relevant category, general problem solving progress and practical reasoning process could not be differentiated, and activity was developed with 'strategies for solution' as objective. Second, there was a category that the practical reasoning process was reflected in body contents. In this category, knowledge, concept, principle, and theory were insufficiently dealt with. Third, there was a category that reflected components of practical reasoning process but was covered with general problem solving process. Fourth, there was a category that described theme of sub-unit and body contents from the different curriculum perspectives. A curriculum perspective works as the foundation of preparing class contents or consistency of methods when developing lessons. Therefore, confusion might occur when a teacher plans a class with this kind of textbook. Fifth, a category that suggested partial components of practical reasoning process was shown the most and this category is difficult to maximize effects of practical reasoning process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.115-125
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• 2014

Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) is providing precision approach and landing service with aircraft around airport. FAA granted System Design Approval (SDA) of SLS-4000 to Honeywell as the first GBAS category I system on September 2009. Since then, according to their own kind of approval process including System Design Approval, Facility Approval and Operational Approval, USA, Germany, Spain and Australia have approved GBAS category I system which are installed in some airports in order to provide commercial GBAS service. Recently, KARI has also installed GBAS category I system into Gimpo international airport to establish operational technology of GBAS domestically and to validate effectiveness of GBAS system in Korea. This paper introduces overseas trends and activities regarding approval process of GBAS system and presents approval process and criteria appropriate for future commercial operation of GBAS in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.164-182
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• 2015

This study aims to analyze science-gifted elementary students' understanding of 'Living Things' with ontological domains. As research subjects, this study selected 80 science-gifted students who belonged to Education Institute for Science-gifted Elementary Students at University of Education, and this study came to the following conclusions. Firstly, the gifted students thought of animals as living things most, out of which humans accounted for the highest rate. They were also found to evaluate the importance of living things depending on benefits and harms to humans. Secondly, when judging 4 domains of living things, animals, plants, static inanimate objects and dynamic inanimate objects, the gifted students did not have difficulty judging animals, plants and static inanimate objects, but 4 of them judged the moon, a dynamic inanimate object, as a living thing. In the aspect of reaction time, they spent more time judging plants than animals. This study classified their standards of judgement on living things into ontological categories. As a result, it was found that 31 and 33 out of them had standards of judgement corresponding to the category of matter and the category of process respectively, and only 16 of them had standards of judgement corresponding to the category of mental states. Thirdly, how to make a waterwheel and images of euglena and paramecium were shown to 10 of the gifted students who suggested simple movements as characteristics of living things. As a result, 7 of them changed their standards of judgement from the category of matter to the category of process, while 3 of them changed from the category of matter to the category of mental states.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1E
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• pp.29-33
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• 1996

A categorization for cluster is necessary when an unsupervised classfication is used for remote sensing image classification. It is desirable that this method is performed automatically, because manual categorization is a highly time consuming process. In this paper, several automatic determination methods were proposed and evaluated. They are four methods. a) maximum number method : which assigns the tharget cluster to the category which occupies the largest area of that cluster b) maximum percentage method : which assigns the target cluster to the category which shows the maximum percentage within the category in that cluster. c) minmun distance method : which assigns the target cluster to the category having minmum distance with that cluster d) element ratio matching method : which assigns local regions to the category having the most similar element ratio of that region From the results of the experiments, it was certified that the result of minimum distance method was almost the same as the result made by a human operator.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.439-451
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• 2021

The study aims to investigate the process employed by companies to intentionally create market categories through implementation of product strategy. Much of the research on market category formation focuses on the spontaneous emergence of market categories, with a few studies focusing on the intentional creation of market categories. In the course of this study, I therefore sought to understand the logic by which companies intentionally create market categories, by treating the process through which market categories are formed as a sensemaking process, and by treating the behavior of a company intentionally forming a market category as an effort to manage this sensemaking process. In empirical study, we conducted an exploratory case analysis through content analysis of company press releases and consumer reviews. It is possible that market categories can be formed or changed if the way in which they are shared among market participants can be changed. In this study, we identified two sense-giving activities for the creation of market categories by firms as follows: (1) reorganizing market categories that flat-panel TV manufacturers in the North American market have attempted to form into subcategories of smart TVs, and (2) connecting them to surrounding categories through strategic labeling to establish new categories.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.75-100
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze causation of Ecosystem service's trade-off(ES trade-off) and to establish baseline data for wise spatial planning and management. In order to understand why and how ES trade-off occurs, systems thinking and causal loops were employed. The causal loop of ecosystem service creation cycle includes profits quantification process, decision making process, spatial planning and management process, and ecosystem services creation process. The profits quantification process has a limitation that all ecosystem service categories were not included in profits quantification, because quantification method for cultural services is insufficient. These problems led to unequal discussion opportunity in decision making process. ES trade-off occurs through transition of ecosystem function in spatial scale and temporal scale. In spatial scale, land-use variation and resource-use variation contribute to change an ecosystem function for different ES category by spatial planning and management. In temporal scale, a change of an ecosystem function for different ES category is influenced by ecological succession, seasonal change and land cover variation, which are parameter from environmental features. This study presented that spatial planning and management should ecosystem service assessment in order to enhance balanced ecosystem services.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.3680-3692
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to orient users' touchpoints in co-design experience, to identify their need via visualized experience map, to recommend valid design information in online e-customization services. A user-centered co-design experience map (UCEM) is adopted to analyze the relation between users' desire and time spent, so as to evaluate the online co-design experiences. Based on evolutionary algorithm and fuzzy theory, data of this study is collected from 30 participants. The data was analyzed by descriptive analysis in SPSS, and frequency query and word cloud in NVivo. Employing design category and evaluating users' time spent, the findings are that (a) vamp color matching is consistent with interview data; (b) supported by qualitative feedback, the virtual experience map played an important role in the co-design process and the visualized interaction process; and (c) participants prefer to get more information and professional help on color matching and exterior design. Based on the findings in design category, future work should be focused on developing a better understanding of design resource recommendations and multi-stakeholder communication.