• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보처리학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.55-58
• /
• 2006

This paper presents solving the Sudoku puzzle as a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). After introducing the rules and characteristics of the puzzle, we formulate the puzzle as a CSP and develop various methods of solving the problem. Blind search, minimum remaining value (MRV) heuristic, and some advanced methods are investigated, and their algorithms are implemented in this undergraduate project. The performance comparisons of these methods are discussed in the paper.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.655-678
• /
• 2010

초등수학에서 기하교육은 공간에 대한 직관의 계발을 통해 도형에 대한 이해와 공간 감각을 이끌어내는데 초점을 맞추어야 한다. 이와 함께 시각화는 기하에서의 문제해결 을 결정짓는 중요한 요소 가운데 하나이다. 지금까지 시각화에 대한 분석은 주로 중등 기하교육에서 다루어진 반면, 초등수학에서 평면도형과 공간도형에서의 문제해결과 관련해서 학생들의 시각화에 대한 논의는 부족했다. 본 연구는 초등수학에서 시각화가 기하문제해결에 미치는 영향을 분석한 것으로, 기하문제해결에서 나타나는 시각화 방법과 시각화에 영향을 미치는 요소, 그리고 이 과정에서 나타나는 어려움을 살펴본 것이다. 먼저 평면도형과 입체도형의 문제해결에서 시각화 방법을 구분하여 살펴보고, 이러한 방법에 따라 도형에 대한 이해와 시각화 과정이 어떻게 진행되는지를 도식화하여 살펴본다. 또한 시각화에 영향을 미치는 요소를 구분하고, 시각화 과정의 어려움으로 인해 어떤 오류가 나타나는가를 살펴보고, 이를 통해 초등기하문제해결에서 시각화에 대한 논의를 이끌어낸다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.411-418
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the predictive strength of students' self-efficacy, problem-solving skills, and other characteristics in performing intravenous practices and monitor phlebitis and infiltration. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 736 third and fourth-year students studying at the Health Sciences Faculties of Balikesir and Sakarya universities. The data were collected using the Self-Efficacy Scale, Problem-Solving Inventory and Catheter Care and Infiltration Monitoring Questionnaire. Results: The participants' mean Catheter Care and Infiltration Monitoring Questionnaire score significantly and positively correlated with their mean Self-Efficacy Scale score on a moderate level (r=.25; p<.001) but significantly and negatively correlated with their mean Problem-Solving Inventory score on a moderate level (r=-.21; p<.001). In other words, because a low Problem-Solving Inventory score indicates that the person's problem-solving skill is high, the Care and Infiltration Monitoring Questionnaire score increased as the problem-solving skill increased. While the Self-Efficacy Scale predicted the year of study and catheter care and infiltration monitoring variables positively, the Problem-Solving Inventory predicted the satisfaction with the profession variable negatively. Conclusion: Self-efficacy, problem-solving, liking the profession, and year of study predict success in catheter care and infiltration monitoring. For this reason, guidance may be provided in the development of a comprehensive education system toward increasing students' problem-solving skills, self-efficacy, and professional knowledge and skills.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.213-231
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge types which the elementary science gifted students would use when solving a science problem, and to examine characteristics and types that were shown in the science problem solving process. For this study, 39 fifth graders and 38 sixth graders from Institute of Education for the Gifted Science Class were sampled in one National University of Education. The results of this study were as follows. First, for science problem solving, the elementary science gifted students used procedural knowledge and declarative knowledge at the same time, and procedural knowledge was more frequently used than declarative knowledge. Second, as for the characteristics in the understanding step of solving science problems, students tend to exactly figure out questions' given conditions and what to seek. In planning and solving stage, most of them used 3~4 different problem solving methods and strategies for solving. In evaluating stage, they mostly re-examined problem solving process for once or twice. Also, they did not correct the answer and had high confidence in their answers. Third, good solvers had used more complete or partially applied procedural knowledge and proper declarative knowledge than poor solvers. In the problem solving process, good solvers had more accurate problem-understanding and successful problem solving strategies. From characteristics shown in the good solvers' problem solving process, it is confirmed that the education program for science gifted students needs both studying on process of acquiring declarative knowledge and studying procedural knowledge for interpreting new situation, solving problem and deducting. In addition, in problem-understanding stage, it is required to develop divided and gradual programs for interpreting and symbolizing the problem, and for increasing the understanding.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2015

최근 개발 적용되고 있는 국내외 교육과정에서는 지식정보화 사회의 구성원으로서 학생들이 습득해야 할 핵심 소양으로 '문제해결' 역량이 강조되고 있으며, 문제해결력 향상을 목표로 한 프로그래밍 교육 방안이 다양하게 연구되고 있다. 하지만 관련 연구에서 다루어지고 있는 프로그래밍 문제는 전통적인 프로그래밍 수업에서 활용되고 있는 문제와 차별성이 없었으며, 제시된 문제를 다루는 방법의 대부분은 문제해결 능력 제고에 적합하기 보다는 특정 프로그래밍 언어를 습득하는데 주안점을 두고 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 문제해결 역량 함양에 적합한 프로그래밍 문제와 교육과정을 개발하고 문제해결활동(PSA)을 중심으로 교수 학습 콘텐츠를 설계 개발하였다. 또한 개발된 콘텐츠를 교재로 교육과정을 운영하여 학습자의 문제해결력과 논리적 사고력 향상에 유의미한 결과를 얻었다. 본 연구 결과는 '문제해결' 역량 증진을 목적으로 프로그래밍 교수 학습 콘텐츠나 교육과정을 개발 운영할 때 기초 자료로나 참조 모델로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.482-490
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This research compares self-leadership, team efficacy, problem solving processes and task satisfaction in response to teaching methods applied to nursing students, and determines whether variations exist. Method: This research experiments before and after the training of a nonequivalent group. The subjects were 36 learners of action learning methods and 39 learners of nursing course methods, and the research took place from October through December 2012. Results: Prior to the training, the general features and measurable variables of the two groups of subjects were similar, and self-leadership, team efficacy, problem solving process and task satisfaction in both groups were elevated compared to pre-training. In particular, in comparison with the nursing course, there was a notable difference in scores, the action learning method receiving high scores in the problem solving process (t=2.92, p=.005) and task satisfaction (t=2.54, p=.013) Conclusion: It is recommended that educators not only conduct the practice training course for teaching methods, but also incorporate action learning.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.131-142
• /
• 1991

The concept of criterion function is proposed as a framework for comparing the geometric and computational characteristics of various nonlinear programming approaches to linear programming such as the method of centers, Karmakar's algorithm and the gravitational method. Also, we discuss various computational issues involved in obtaining an efficient parallel implementation of these methods. Clearly, the most time consuming part in solving a linear programming problem is the direction finding procedure, where we obtain an improving direction. In most cases, finding an improving direction is equivalent to solving a simple optimization problem defined at the current feasible solution. Again, this simple optimization problem can be seen as a least squares problem, and the computational effort in solving the least squares problem is, in fact, same as the effort as in solving a system of linear equations. Hence, getting a solution to a system of linear equations fast is very important in solving a linear programming problem efficiently. For solving system of linear equations on parallel computing machines, an iterative method seems more adequate than direct methods. Therefore, we propose one possible strategy for getting an efficient parallel implementation of an iterative method for solving a system of equations and present the summary of computational experiment performed on transputer based parallel computing board installed on IBM PC.

• 임상간호연구
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.402-412
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore influencing factors of dysfunctional beliefs and emotion regulation strategy for nurses' problem solving ability. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design with a sample of 745 nurses from 1 university hospital located in Gyeonggido. The scales were Dysfunctional Beliefs Test (70 items), Emotion Regulation Strategy Questionnaire (25 items) and Social Problem Solving Inventory (52 items). The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 employing ANOVA, pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score for problem solving ability was 11.26 points. Influencing factors for nurses' problem solving ability were identified as 'active regulation style' in emotion regulation strategy and 'negative concept of social self' in dysfunctional beliefs. Conclusion: It is plausible to assume that dysfunctional beliefs which are vulnerability factors in cognitive variables and emotion regulation strategy affect nurses' problem solving ability.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.3-9
• /
• 2016

Amonng many creative problem-solving methodologies, the TRIZ with practicality and applicability has been utilized a lot in practice and education. This research introduced the TRIZ course for engineering problem-solving training to engineering college students. Then, a survey about students' ability to solve engineering problems after the TRIZ course were analyzed statistically. Finally, problem-solving cases of industry in each team project were examined. It is proved that an understanding of the TRIZ should be confirmed on that can be applied and utilized and can be linked to well performing team projects. Therefore, it is determined that more active efforts are required for the development of TRIZ learing methods to improve the education system to help students improve comprehension for students in creative problem-solving skills.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.239-247
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the relationship between metacognition, learning flow, and problem solving ability in simulation learning of nursing students and to identify the factors influencing problem solving ability. Methods: The study sample was 136 nursing students. Data were collected from September to November, 2012 using a structured questionnaire on metacognition, learning flow and problem solving ability. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used with the SPSS win 20.0 program to analyze the data. Results: There were significant positive correlations between metacognition, learning flow and problem solving ability. Learning flow was a significant factor affecting problem solving ability. These variables accounted for 33% of variance. Conclusion: These results suggest that simulation learning has a positive effect on nursing students' learning outcomes.