• Title/Summary/Keyword: private education

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Long-Term Historical Significance of Private Education in the Republic of Korea

  • Seong-Gon KIM
    • Journal of Koreanology Reviews
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2023
  • The present study examines the connections and effects of these historical events on South Korea's education system. The research seeks to illuminate private education's complex history and the complex factors that have shaped it by examining these historical trajectories. After the Korean War in the mid-20th century, South Korea went from agrarian to industrial, which shaped private education. Unparalleled economic growth in the 1960s and 1980s altered schooling. South Korea quickly became an industrial powerhouse, and education became crucial for families seeking socioeconomic advancement. The growing middle class, believing education was the key to prosperity, demanded more extra education. South Korean private education's fourth major event occurred during the socioeconomic upheavals of the 1960s-1980s. Prior studies explain how the fast transition from agrarian to industrial society made schooling essential for families seeking upward mobility. Due to the demand for extra education, private tutoring and specialist hagwons flourished. In summary, this study insists that the effects of historical events on South Korean private education demonstrate the interconnection of cultural, economic, and sociological aspects. Educational practitioners must comprehend the historical backdrop, recognize the lasting impact of past events, and use literature-based tools to navigate this complex landscape.

A Study on BSC development and Strategy execution plan for Private education service field (사교육서비스 분야에서의 BSC 모델 개발 및 전략실행방안에 관한 연구)

  • Jeong, Min-Eui;Yu, Song-Jin
    • Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.425-444
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: This study aims to overcome the problem of private education market environment which is polarized into commercialized large private education institutions and small and medium sized private education institutions in a poor business environment, and develop systematic performance measurement model applicable for small and medium sized private education institutions. Methods: To develop the BSC which measures financial and non-financial indicator in a balanced manner and introduce the BSC into private education institutions that contain conflicting goals "EDUCATION" and "PROFIT". In particular, Utilizing the methodology of AHP, the priority of strategies and execution assignments are derived. Results: BSC model was developed and introduced by cooperating with executives of the private education institution. Moreover, the study permits to achieve the strategy, enterprise-wide vision and mission by deriving strategy map and applying it to the private education institution. To measure the performance of BSC model instruction, KPI corresponding to the strategic objectives of each perspective was derived. Conclusion: BSC model generally introduces to large-sized companies and public institutions. In this study, BSC model is developed by focusing on small and medium sized private institution. Furthermore, this study is more than simple model development, it makes a connection with achievement of strategic objectives, enterprise-wide vision and mission through strategy map and strategy execution method. Through the developed BSC model and strategy execution method, utilization plan in practice and customized model for private education institutions coexisting profit and non-profit objectives were developed, and academic implications were presented.

The Analysis of Private Education Cost for the Elementary, Middle, and High School Students in Korea (초,중,고 사교육비 영향요인 분석)

  • Lee, Hyejeong;Song, Jongwoo
    • The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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    • v.27 no.7
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    • pp.1125-1137
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    • 2014
  • This paper studies what affects the private education cost for the elementary, middle, and high school students. It is a big issue now because there can be a problem in the equal opportunity for education if the portion of private education cost is very high in the total education cost. If we spend more time and money on the private education than the school education, it can cause the polarization among the classes and regions. The excessive private education also can deteriorate the school system. we use various regression and classification methods to analyze the cost of private education and find the important variables in the models. we found that large cities spend more money on the private education than small cities. We also found that high school students spend more than middle school students and the elementary students and the household with more income spend more money on the private education.

Evaluation of Policy for Reduction of Private Tutoring Expenditure based on Systems Thinking: Focusing on Roh and Lee Governments (시스템사고를 통한 사교육비경감정책 평가: 노무현 정부와 이명박 정부를 중심으로)

  • Baek, Woo-Jung;Choi, Jong-Deok
    • Korean System Dynamics Review
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.5-34
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the policies for reducing private tutoring expenditure in Roh Mu Hyun and Lee Myeong Bak Government using Causal Loop analysis based on the Systems Thinking perspective. The results are as follows. First, high educational achievers receive more private tutoring than lowers and children who have rich parents have better chance to take private tutoring than the others. It reflects the social characteristics which emphasize the academic ability and educational background. Second, two governments implemented educational policies to control the private tutoring expenditure as balancing loops ; strengthening public education, providing after school programs and EBS KSAT teaching and improving the entrance exam of university. Third, they overlooked the unintended feedback loops coming from 1) incongruity between causes and countermeasures of shadow education 2) wrong perception of substitutional relationship between public education and shadow education 3) side effect of the policy increasing the weight of student record 4) problems of diversifying high schools 5) dilemma of easing the burden of testing through admission officer system. The conclusion is that policies of reducing the private education expenses have failed because two governments don't consider unintended Feedback Loops in the process of making education policies. So we have to make policies based on Systems Thinking and reducing private education expenses should not be the purpose of strengthening the public education.

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The Analysis of Expenditure for Private Education and Child-Care Service of Preschool and Elementary Children (아동기 자녀를 둔 가정의 사교육비 및 위탁양육비 분석)

  • 김순미
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.237-252
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study were to identify the income allocation structure of private education and child care and to analyze contributing factors income allocation structure of private education and child care for two children among Korean married couples. For these purposes total sample of 760 married couples those having two children of both pre-school aged and elementary school aged wee selected and total sample was divided into two groups by first child's school aged; those were pre-school aged(375) and elementary school aged (385) Statistics were frequencies means percentile and Tobit and OLS analysis. The results were as follows. First 268 households among the households those having the first child of pre-school aged spent 11% of income for private education while 29 households spent 7% of income for child care. 348 households among the households having the first child of elementary school aged spent 11% of income for private education. Second pre=-school aged' contri uting factors to income allocation struture of private education and child care were household family type family size home ownership and financial asset amount and elementary school-aged factors were satisfaction of family relationship and financial asset.

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Why Gifted Students Participate in Private Education?: A Study on the Current Status and Key Factors of the Attendance in Private Education (영재들은 왜 사교육을 받을까?: 초등 영재의 사교육 실태 및 참여 결정요인 분석)

  • Han, Ki-Soon;Park, Yujin
    • Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.505-521
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of the study is the find out current status and key factors of attendance in private education of gifted students. The results show that 95.9% of gifted students and 94.6% of general students are currently participating in private education. Most percentages of students took English and math programs at the private institutes. Average amount of time students spend for private education was 2~3 hours per day, and most percentage of parents spent 400,000~600,000 won per month for their children's private education. There were no significant differences between the gifted and the general students in the aspects of private education statuses. Regarding the key factors of attendance in private education, improvement of study related skills, school grade management, and influences of surroundings, such as parents and friends, were showed as significant variables in gifted students group. Interestingly, influences of surroundings showed negative effect. For general students and their parents, improvement of study related skills and school grade management factors were significant variables. And for the parents of gifted students, improvement of study related skills and entering higher level schools appeared as significant factors for the participation in private education. Implications of the study were discussed in depth.

The Effects of School Characteristics on Private Education Expenditure (사교육비 지출에 영향을 주는 학교 특성의 분석)

  • Kim, Hisam
    • Journal of Labour Economics
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.27-59
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    • 2009
  • Using Korea Education Longitudinal Study and administrative school data, this paper analyzes school characteristics that influence the demand for private education. Among other findings, it should be noted that private education expenditure tends to be decreased when student evaluation of teacher effectiveness is high, the average education level of teachers is high, and individualized education is offered through subject-based classroom. These results suggest that the demand for private education could be dropped by a better quality and high effort of teachers, which would be attained through an improved education system for teaching profession and student-oriented teacher evaluation. In addition, ability grouping within school via subject-based classrooms with different levels appears to be helpful to overcome uniformity of school equalization system without inducing an increasing demand for private education.

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The Impact of Private Educational Expenditure on Adolescent Depression and Somatic Symptoms (사교육비 지출이 청소년 자녀의 우울과 신체증상에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Seonglim;Kim, Jinsook
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • v.60 no.2
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    • pp.289-302
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    • 2022
  • This study examined the effect of private educational expenditure on adolescent depression and somatic symptoms. The sample comprised 2,589 first-grade middle-school students who completed the 2018 Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (the generalized linear model), multiple regression, and quantile regression analysis. The principal results were as follows. First, 15.15% of adolescents reported depression symptoms, and 15.57% reported somatic symptoms. Second, levels of depression were significantly different among classes with a different level of private educational expenditure. Third, depression level was significantly negatively associated with private educational expenditure, in that the higher the private educational expenditure, the lower the depression level. Fourth, the effect of private educational expenditure on adolescent depression was significant at the 70~90th quantile regression, suggesting that private educational expenditure was associated with a higher level of depression symptoms. The results indicate that private education was viewed as a consumption commodity rather than a complementary educational practice or investment in human capital. Private education as a commodity might induce the highly developed and costly private education market. In turn, there is an increased financial burden for education at one end of the social-economic continuum and depression caused by relative deprivation at the other end.

Analysis of Elementary School Parents' Motivation for Participation in Private Software Education (초등학생 학부모의 소프트웨어 사교육 참여동기 분석)

  • Lee, Jaeho;Kim, Kapsu;Kim, ChongWoo;Kim, Jonghoon;Kim, Hongrae;Ma, DaiSung;Park, SunJu;Sohn, Wonsung;Ann, SungHun;Hur, Kyeong;Shim, Jaekwoun
    • Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.239-247
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    • 2021
  • In elementary schools, software education became essential and the importance of artificial intelligence education was emphasized. The software private education market is gradually growing, but related research is insufficient. In addition to the software education provided by public education, a basic investigation and analysis on the reasons and perceptions of parents participating in software private education are required. This study surveyed the reasons and necessity of participating in software private education, and perceptions of software education for parents of elementary school students who participated in software private education. As a result of the study, the biggest reason for participating in software private education was the lack of time and environment to provide software education in elementary schools. It was analyzed that the need for private software education had the greatest impact on the need for a separate formal subject for software education.

Progressive Analysis of Private Education Expenses for Mathematics Subjects of Elementary School Students (초등학생의 수학 교과 사교육비에 대한 추이적 분석)

  • Kim, Somin;Lee, Jong-hak
    • Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.243-259
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    • 2021
  • This study examines trends by school level, region, subject, and type centered on elementary schools when private education is perceived as a social problem due to the overheating of private education and its over-dependence. This study aims to provide a direction to ease the school mathematics education and meet the expectations of school mathematics education. As a result of this study, in mathematics subjects, the graph of private education expenses for mathematics subjects was not affected by the period and showed a somewhat consistent linear trend. In other words, we found that the private education cost of the mathematics subject was solid compared to other factors, and was not significantly affected by external variables, and was consistent. It is meaningful to examine the trends of private education costs in mathematics subjects with a comparison between the past and present and to grasp what factors and how they have changed and developed.