• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.4 s.107
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• pp.415-426
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• 2006

The essential characteristic of ubiquitous is context-awareness, and that means ubiquitous computing can automatically process the data that change according to space and time, without users' intervention. However, in circumstance of context awareness, since location information is able to be collected without users' clear approval, users cannot control their location information completely. These problems can cause privacy issue when users access their location information. Therefore, it is important to construct the location information system, which decides to release the information considering privacy under the condition such as location, users' situation, and people who demand information. Therefore, in order to intercept an outflow information and provide securely location-based information, this paper suggests a new system based CS-RBAC with the existing LBS, which responds sensitively as customer's situation. Moreover, it accommodates a merit of PCP reflecting user's preference constructively. Also, through privacy weight, it makes information not only decide to providing information, but endow 'grade'. By this method, users' data can be protected safely with foundation of 'Role' in context-aware circumstance.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.11-17
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to research the phychological determinant factors of window design and the relationshiops between preferences over those factors. Field surveys and questionnaires, focused on residents in apartment houses, were used to research the residents' preferences. Sunlight inflow, view privacy, and spaciousness can be assumed as major environmental psychological factors related to windows. But some difficulties in applying all those factors' requirements in a window design lie in the fundamental mutual contradiction such as providing both optimum privacy and openness. Those difficulties can be solved to a certain degree through the process of comparison between those factors based on residents' preference tendency in a specific space. Other results of this research are as follows: 1) The preference research shows that sunlight inflow stands first in living room, and followed by view, privacy, and spaciousness: privacy ranks first in bedroom and followed by sunlight inflow, view, and spaciousness: the elderly over sixties prefer the sunlight inflow first both in the living room and the bedroom. 2) Satisfaction degrees on sunlight inflow, privacy, spaciousness are increasing along with the dwelling height, while the view is not showing any relationship with the dwelling height. 3) Natural elements, as the object of view, are preferred to artificial elements such as buildings and roads. 4) Windowsill heights in bedrooms have relevance to the state of satisfaction with sunlight inflow, privacy, and view, while they show no relationship with spaciousness.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.66-73
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop the basis data for methods of the plan to make the office space of the psychological environment by survey of preference to users in Department Store. The results are as follows : First, we could know that the space plan has to be considered the privacy and sociality for the psychological environment in office space. Second, we could know that there are efficient methods of space plan to use the cutoff division by partitions, the psychological division by furniture and the sensitive division by material for privacy in office and resting space. For sociality, there are efficient arrangement methods to plan by division type in office space and by opening type in resting space. And it is good method to use by color that is one in esthetical elements. Third, if we considered users, it is good method to use partitions to cutoff from the floor to the ceiling for privacy in office space and to use movable furnitures to cutoff for privacy in resting space. Forth, we could know that there is the difference in methods of space plan to be preferred by user's variables for privacy and sociality in office and resting spaces. Thus, i think that we have to study considering user's variables and types of department store.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.49-70
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• 2006

In recent, Open markets are booming up rapidly. Open markets are one of the online marketplaces which mainly concentrated on spot transactions of commodities, and are differentiated from integrated internet shopping stores with market participants, trading rules and so on. This study investigated on factors affecting satisfaction with and preference on open markets by comparing open markets with integrated internet shopping stores, and aimed to figure out the reasons why open markets are growing up so rapidly and to forecast the future of open markets. To investigate the factors affecting buyers' satisfaction with and preference on internet shopping channel. I extracted several factors through literature reviews. The factors include the pros (cost saving and time saving), the cons (security concerns and privacy concerns), and decision making support suggested by Simon's research as well. Then, I constructed research model and related research hypotheses. To verify research hypotheses, I conducted field survey targeting on online buyers and analyzed research data using structural equation model. According to data analysis result, open markets have competitive advantages over integrated internet shopping stores with respect to cost saving, time saving, and decision making support. However, online buyers are still concerning privacy issues within open markets. In summary, buyers are considering that open markets are cheaper, faster, and more efficient internet shopping channel, compared with integrated internet shopping stores. However, open markets are required to dedicate to lessen buyers' privacy concerns to rebirth as more satisfying and preferable internet shopping channel and to prosper in the future.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.145-162
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• 2008

One of the big concerns in e-society is privacy issue. In special, in developing robust ubiquitous smart space and corresponding services, user profile and preference are collected by the service providers. Privacy issue would be more critical in context-aware services simply because most of the context data themselves are private information: user's current location, current schedule, friends nearby and even her/his health data. To realize the potential of ubiquitous smart space, the systems embedded in the space should corporate personal privacy preferences. When the users invoke a set of services, they are asked to allow the service providers or smart space to make use of personal information which is related to privacy concerns. For this reason, the users unhappily provide the personal information or even deny to get served. On the other side, service provider needs personal information as rich as possible with minimal personal information to discern royal and trustworthy customers and those who are not. It would be desirable to enlarge the allowable personal information complying with the service provider's request, whereas minimizing service provider's requiring personal information which is not allowed to be submitted and user's submitting information which is of no value to the service provider. In special, if any personal information required by the service provider is not allowed, service will not be provided to the user. P3P (Platform for Privacy Preferences) has been regarded as one of the promising alternatives to preserve the personal information in the course of electronic transactions. However, P3P mainly focuses on preserving the buyers' personal information. From time to time, the service provider's business data should be protected from the unintended usage from the buyers. Moreover, even though the user's privacy preference could depend on the context happened to the user, legacy P3P does not handle the contextual change of privacy preferences. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a mutual P3P-based negotiation mechanism. To do so, service provider's privacy concern is considered as well as the users'. User's privacy policy on the service provider's information also should be informed to the service providers before the service begins. Second, privacy policy is contextually designed according to the user's current context because the nomadic user's privacy concern structure may be altered contextually. Hence, the methodology includes mutual privacy policy and personalization. Overall framework of the mechanism and new code of ethics is described in section 2. Pervasive platform for mutual P3P considers user type and context field, which involves current activity, location, social context, objects nearby and physical environments. Our mutual P3P includes the privacy preference not only for the buyers but also the sellers, that is, service providers. Negotiation methodology for mutual P3P is proposed in section 3. Based on the fact that privacy concern occurs when there are needs for information access and at the same time those for information hiding. Our mechanism was implemented based on an actual shopping mall to increase the feasibility of the idea proposed in this paper. A shopping service is assumed as a context-aware service, and data groups for the service are enumerated. The privacy policy for each data group is represented as APPEL format. To examine the performance of the example service, in section 4, simulation approach is adopted in this paper. For the simulation, five data elements are considered: $\cdot$ UserID $\cdot$ User preference $\cdot$ Phone number $\cdot$ Home address $\cdot$ Product information $\cdot$ Service profile. For the negotiation, reputation is selected as a strategic value. Then the following cases are compared: $\cdot$ Legacy P3P is considered $\cdot$ Mutual P3P is considered without strategic value $\cdot$ Mutual P3P is considered with strategic value. The simulation results show that mutual P3P outperforms legacy P3P. Moreover, we could conclude that when mutual P3P is considered with strategic value, performance was better than that of mutual P3P is considered without strategic value in terms of service safety.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1047-1058
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• 2005

The objective of this research is an investigation and analysis of life style and preference trend for dwelling for 450 university students. The major findings are as follows: (1) The life style is classified into 3 categories according to the priority of fashion and privacy, brand and social relationship, and family and domesticity. Women give priority to fashion and privacy as well as family and domesticity than men do. (2) Dwelling awareness is grouped into 3; one for pursuing the value of asset, another with the inclination to residential transition and the other for preferring for a detached house. Women have a stronger inclination to the economical value of house and prefers to live in the big city than men do. (3) As a factor affecting the dwelling preference, men give priority to the exterior condition such as environment, but women do the interior condition like the size of house. Men and Women showed various preferences for housing style such as detached house, villa, apartment and commercial complex dwelling, which is accord with the present housing style.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.10
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• pp.2708-2730
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• 2012

The growing concern for the protection of personal information has made it critical to implement effective technologies for privacy and data management. By observing the limitations of existing approaches, we found that there is an urgent need for a flexible, privacy-aware system that is able to meet the privacy preservation needs at both the role levels and the personal levels. We proposed a conceptual system that considered these two requirements: a graph-based, access control model to safeguard patient privacy. We present a case study of the healthcare field in this paper. While our model was tested in the field of healthcare, it is generic and can be adapted to use in other fields. The proof-of-concept demos were also provided with the aim of valuating the efficacy of our system. In the end, based on the hospital scenarios, we present the experimental results to demonstrate the performance of our system, and we also compared those results to existing privacy-aware systems. As a result, we ensured a high quality of medical care service by preserving patient privacy.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.3C
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• pp.167-175
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• 2005

Privacy enforcement has been one of the most important problems in IT area. Privacy protection can be achieved by enforcing privacy policies within an organization's online and offline data processing systems. Traditional security models are more or less inappropriate for enforcing basic privacy requirements, such as purpose binding. This paper proposes a new approach in which a privacy control model is derived from integration of an existing security model. To this, we use an extended role-based access control model for existing security mechanism, in which this model provides context-based access control by combining RBAC and domain-type enforcement. For implementation of privacy control model we use GRBAC(Generalized Role-Based Access Control), which is expressive enough to deal with privacy preference. And small hospital model is considered for application of this model.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.13-30
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• 2006

Web services are independent on a platform and are suitable in the Ubiquitous environment which an interaction for each device. Ubiquitous web services can use various applied service in any network neighborhood or terminal. Main characteristic of Ubiquitous is context-awareness. Therefore, Ubiquitous web services must include context-aware control process and protect user privacy because context-aware environment collects privacy data. But current web services standard is not specially designed in respect of context-communication. Therefore, the framework which can add flexibility in transmission of context is required. Our Framework can give extension for context and can communicate flexibly Context information for every session. Therefore, Our Framework can solve overhead problem of context in SOAP message and protect user's privacy according to user preference.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.80-87
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• 2018

This study aims to find gender differences in inpatients' privacy and stress concerns in multi-bed hospital room. In the literature review, we consider the characteristics of multi-bed hospital room and patients' privacy as a psychological environment factor. In the survey research, the questionnaires were used to understand the inpatients' general characteristics and privacy requirements. A total of 109 copies were analyzed through a cross-tabulations and T-test using the SPSS 18.0. Results and conclusions are as follows: (1) In the case of multi-bed room patients, there were some gender differences in privacy and stress, but the differences were limited. (2) There is a difference in the patient 's preference of the hospital room according to gender, and this is related to the privacy characteristic. (3) The social communication and strolling are commonly effective stress relief methods for both men and women, so space is needed to do this methods. The meaning of this study is to specify the privacy and stress of the inpatients in multi-bed patients' room.