• Plant Resources
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 1999

Twenty two varieties of pecan including wild types were classified based on 6 characters measured by principal component analysis score distance. The results are summarized as fellow. Twenty two varieties were classified into 5 groups based in PCA score distance. Five groups were distinctly characterized by many morphological characters. Total variation could be explained by 51%, 95%, 99% with first, third and fifth principal components respectively. Varimax rotation of the factor loading of the first factors indicated that the first component was highly loaded with leaf characters, the second component with fruit characters, but fruit length was negative loaded. The second, the third and the fourths groups of cultivars had very close genetic parentage similarity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.557-560
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• 2007

The metabolic discrimination of safflowers from various geographical origins was performed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy followed by principal components analysis. With a combination of these techniques, safflower samples from different origins could be discriminated using the first two principal components (PC) of the 1H NMR spectra of the 50% methanol fractions. PC1 and PC2 accounted cumulatively for 91.3% of the variation in all variables. The major peaks in the 1H NMR spectra that contributed to the discrimination were assigned to fatty acid (terminal CH3), lactic acid, acetic acid, choline derivatives, glycine, and safflower yellow derivatives. In this study, we suggest that various types of safflower can be discriminated using PCA and 1H NMR spectra.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.27-32
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• 2007

Determination of crack depth in filed using the self-calibrating surface wave transmission measurement and the cutting frequency in the transmission function (TRF) is very difficult due to variations of the measurement conditions. In this study, it is proposed to use the measured full TRF as a feature for crack depth assessment. A principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to generate a basis of the measured TRFs for various crack cases. The measured TRFs are represented by their projections onto the most significant principal components. Then artificial neural networks (NNs) using the PCA-compressed TRFs is applied to assess the crack in concrete. Experimental study is carried out for five different crack cases to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results reveal that the proposed method can be effectively used for the crack depth assessment of concrete structures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.36-41
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• 2012

In this study, we turning plastic mold steel (STAVAX) against cutting speed, depth of cut, feed rate using whisker reinforced ceramic tool (WA1). To predict cutting force, analyze principal, radial, feed force with multi-regression analysis. Results are follows: From the analysis of variance, affected factor to cutting force feed rate, depth of cut, cutting speed in order and cutting speed was very small affect to cutting force. From multi-regression analysis, we extracted regression equation and the coefficient of determination$(R^2)$ was 0.9, 0.88, 0.856 at principal, radial and feed force. It means regression equation is significant. From the experimental verification, it was confirmed that principal, radial and feed force was predictable by regression equation.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.231-236
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• 2010

The investigation was initiated with data from 27 abandoned mines along with 12 locations in Kyongbuk abandoned mines. The analyses for soil pollution by heavy metal pollutants were conducted by using correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. The correlation analysis indicated that Ni and pH were highly correlated compared to those of other heavy metal ions. The principal component analyses showed that the heavy metal ions might be classified into two catagories, such as antropogenic and lithogenic components. The cluster analysis was also clearly divided by two groups. The respective two groups might be Pb-Zn-Cd-Cu and As-Hg-Ni.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.19-37
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• 2012

This paper presents the results of analytical and numerical analyses of the effects of performing a pressuremeter test or driving a pile in clay. The geometry of the problem has been simplified by the assumptions of plane strain and axial symmetry. Pressuremeter testing or installation of driven piles has been modelled as an undrained expansion of a cylindrical cavity. Stresses, pore water pressures, and deformations are found by assuming that the clay behaves like normally consolidated modified Cam clay. Closed-form solutions are obtained which allow the determination of the principal effective stresses and the strains around the cavity. The analysis which indicates that the intermediate principal stress at critical state is not equal to the mean of the other two principal stresses, except when the clay is initially isotropically consolidated, also permits finding the limit expansion and excess pore water pressures by means of the Almansi finite strain approach. Results are compared with published data which were determined using finite element and finite difference methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.23-34
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• 1980

The method of principal component analysis is originated by K. Pearson, who considered this as geometrical method Principal component analysis is the most elementary method, and this means that the information having various type of characteristics which have been correlated among themselves, are summarized by orthogonal transformations of characteristics. I: Even though we have different result whether this method is applied to homogeneous population or not. In this research we should deal with the case of homogeneous population only. II: On the other hand, we can have different result whether we start from covariance matrix or matrix of correlation- coefficients. In this research we are studying based on covariance matrix.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 1998

This study was conducted to evaluate water quality utilizing principal component analysis in the Nakdong River Estuary. From the results of analysis, water quality in the Nakdong River Estuary could be explained up to 65.3 Percente by three factors which were Included In river loadlnwastes from the Nakdong River and rainfalls : 39.1%1, sediment resuspension(13.7BS) and metabolism(12.5%). In the eastern part of estuary In flowing the Nakdong River, river loading factor score(factor 1 Pas higher than that In western part. Sediment resuspension factor score(factor 2) was high in shallow water, while metabolism factor score(factor 3) was high in deeper water. For seasonal variations of factors score, factor 1 was h19h- 1y related to rainfall season.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.197-198
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• 2017

Large spatial construction needs to consider various construction management factors through the construction guide, including high-tech roofing works for creating large space without columns and erecting large spatial structure. However, the domestic large spatial construction relies on overseas construction technologies due to the lack of construction guide of large spatial construction and experience in similar type of project. To improve the problem, we deduced principal items of construction management considering characteristics of large spatial construction as a preliminary study for developing a construction guide.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.500-505
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• 2003

In this paper, the method to register multiple sets of skull CT images to absolute coordinate system is proposed. Contrary to correspondence paired mapping of previous techniques, four anatomical landmark points, three coplanar points and one non-coplanar point, compose three principal axes simple and unique for efficient registration by means of rigid body transformation. Throughout the numerical simulation with added random noises, the error performances in terms of different rotation and rounding-off of landmark points, and incorrect localization of anatomical landmark and target points are quantitatively analyzed to generalize the proposed technique. Experiments using real skull CT images demonstrate the feasibility for an efficient use in clinical practice.