• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.5159-5164
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• 2016

Objective: The dynamics of morbidity, disability and death rates due to malignant neoplasms in the population in Uralsk city of the Republic of Kazakhstan were studied for 2011-2015, with a focus on age and sex, as well as tumor location. Methods: Statistics for total morbidity, primary disability and mortality from cancer in the adult population of the city of Uralsk for 2011-2015 were calculated per 100 thousand. Estimation of morbidity was based on data from form - $N{\underline{o}}12$ ${\ll}$Report on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the area of health care organizations and patient population under medical observation". Evaluation of primary disability was based on form $N{\underline{o}}7$ ${\ll}$The distribution of newly recognized disabled by disease class, age, sex and disability groups" for 2011-2015 in Ural city and analysis of cancer was carried out using annual form 7 "Report on the sick, and diseases of malignant neoplasms". Result: The most common localizations of cancer were the trachea, bronchi, lungs, stomach and mammary glands. High death rates were noted for patients with cancer of the trachea, bronchi, lung, as compared to stomach and esophagus. Conclusion: The results of our investigation and data in the literature indicate that regional characteristics influence the impact of risk factors associated with cancer. An unfavorable environmental background contributes to ill health of urban populations, contributing to development of cancer. Moreover behavioral risk factors are very important, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and an unhealthy diet. All these factors require urgent adoption of a package of measures for prevention, early detection and timely treatment. Detailed study of cancer is necessary to develop national programs and activities for prevention and control.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.9 no.2 s.18
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• pp.89-105
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to develop an effective teaching material for slow learners in mathematics and to investigate its effect. To achieve the first goal, several pre-used teaching material and the 7th national curriculum for elementary school mathematics were analyzed to set up a framework fur developing new teaching material. Using these developed framework and curriculum data, 370 units of lesson were developed from the 3rd grade to the 6th grade. To investigate the effect of the material, 3 slow learners (2 from the 5th and 1 from the 6th grade) were selected through diagnostic tests. Then supplementary lessons were administered after school to relieve their disability accordingly for seven months. During the lessons(lasted about 40 minutes), teacher observed the subjects in detail and .judged the teaming sequence and the learning pace. Through this observation and the test administered after the treatment, several conclusions were drawn as follow: First, the supplementary lessons using the developed teaching material helped slow learners understand mathematics and solve problems. Especially, the test scores gained on formative evaluation became higher. This might be caused by the material that enabled to relieve the disablement and the teaching method that aimed to give a meaningful mathematical experience. Second, the supplementary lessons affected positively to the affective domain of the slow learners. They convinced themselves to their mathematical ability and became active in their mathematics class. This was observed by researcher and the class teacher in their lessons. Positive attitude toward mathematics and their ability is quite important for mathematics learning especially fur slow learners in mathematics.