• 한국GIS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국GIS학회 2008년도 공동추계학술대회
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• pp.136-141
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• 2008

최근 정보기술의 급속한 발달은 현실생활을 그대로 옮겨놓은 듯 한 가상현실을 실현케 했다. 특히 오늘날은 워크스테이션상에 구현이라는 기존의 틀을 벗어나, 인터넷을 기반으로 하는 글로벌형태의 정보서비스를 실현하고 있다. 게다가 3차원 가상현실 구현과 공공서비스를 위한 행정업무에 대한 활용이 활발히 모색되고 있는 가운데, 컴퓨터 하드웨어의 비약적인 발전은 정보유통에 대한 한계점을 극복하고, 국한된 민간사업부분을 벗어나, 공공기관, 지자체의 지하시설물 관리, 관광산업개발 등과 같은 폭넓고 다양한 분야에 걸쳐 활용 대상으로 부상하고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 가상현실과 3차원 GIS에 대한 수요증대에 비해 아직 우리 소방방계분야는 재난관리에 대한 그 활용성과 기대치에 대한 평가가 미비하다고 하겠다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 소방방재분에 있어 3차원 GIS의 활용방안 에 대해 검토하고자 하였으며, 실증적 테스트베드 구현을 통해 재난대응업무에 있어 2차원 GIS의 한계점을 살펴보고, 또한 최근 이슈와 되고 있는 유비쿼터스 도시패러다임 가운데 도시안전, 방재정보기술 개발의 기반마련과 활용방안에 대해 검토하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3817-3822
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• 2016

Background: Lung cancer has long been a leading cause of cancer related death in both women and men worldwide. The focus of this study was to review clinicopathological features of Iranian patients diagnosed with lung cancer. Materials and Methods: Clinicopathological data of 1353 primary lung cancer patients diagnosed during 17 years (1997-2014) in the "National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease" (NRITLD), Tehran, Iran, were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The median age of patients was 60 (mean: 58.95 years, range: 16-99) and adenocarcinoma was the most prevalent pathology (45.2%). Male/female ratio was 3.22 and 57.2% of patients were smokers (men 70.3%, women 15%). The majority (85.3%) were referred in advanced stages (stage IIIB and IV). Conclusions: Although some of our findings are in concordance with other studies in lung cancer but there are some discrepancies particularly in terms of smoking status and median age of Iranian patients. Further clinical and epidemiological studies are warranted to elucidate etiologic and factors other than smoking contributing to development of lung cancer such as environmental exposures or genetic predisposition.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.4313-4318
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• 2016

Background: This study documented the performance of providers of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) at primary health centers, assessing their compliance with the VIA skills checklist and determinants of non-compliance, and exploring their perceptions of VIA training sessions. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among VIA providers in the $Mekn\grave{e}s$-Tafilalet region of Morocco. Structured observation of their performance was conducted through supervisory visits and multiple focus group discussions (FGDs). Results: Performance of all the recommended steps for effective communication was observed in a low proportion of procedures (36.4%). Midwives/nurses had higher compliance than general practitioners (GPs) (p<0.001). All recommended steps for VIA examination were performed for a high proportion of procedures (82.5%). Compliance was higher among midwives/nurses than among GPs (p<0.001) and among providers in rural areas than those in urban areas (p<0.001). For pre-VIA counselling, all recommended steps were performed for only 36.8% of procedures. For post-VIA counseling, all recommended steps were performed in a high proportion (85.5% for VIA-negative and 85.1% for VIA-positive women). Midwives/nurses had higher compliance than GPs when advising VIA-positive women (p=0.009). All infection prevention practices were followed for only 14.2% of procedures, and compliance was higher among providers in rural areas than those in urban areas (p<0.001). Most FGD participants were satisfied with the content of VIA training sessions. However, they suggested periodic refresher training and supportive supervision. Conclusions: Quality assurance of a cervical cancer screening program is a key element to ensure that the providers perform VIA correctly and confidently.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.5159-5164
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• 2016

Objective: The dynamics of morbidity, disability and death rates due to malignant neoplasms in the population in Uralsk city of the Republic of Kazakhstan were studied for 2011-2015, with a focus on age and sex, as well as tumor location. Methods: Statistics for total morbidity, primary disability and mortality from cancer in the adult population of the city of Uralsk for 2011-2015 were calculated per 100 thousand. Estimation of morbidity was based on data from form - $N{\underline{o}}12$ ${\ll}$Report on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the area of health care organizations and patient population under medical observation". Evaluation of primary disability was based on form $N{\underline{o}}7$ ${\ll}$The distribution of newly recognized disabled by disease class, age, sex and disability groups" for 2011-2015 in Ural city and analysis of cancer was carried out using annual form 7 "Report on the sick, and diseases of malignant neoplasms". Result: The most common localizations of cancer were the trachea, bronchi, lungs, stomach and mammary glands. High death rates were noted for patients with cancer of the trachea, bronchi, lung, as compared to stomach and esophagus. Conclusion: The results of our investigation and data in the literature indicate that regional characteristics influence the impact of risk factors associated with cancer. An unfavorable environmental background contributes to ill health of urban populations, contributing to development of cancer. Moreover behavioral risk factors are very important, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and an unhealthy diet. All these factors require urgent adoption of a package of measures for prevention, early detection and timely treatment. Detailed study of cancer is necessary to develop national programs and activities for prevention and control.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3551-3558
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• 2016

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, with chronic inflammation and diet as major causes in its development. Chemopreventive effects of natural dietary products have been the focus of studies for prevention over the past decade. This study was conducted to determine the effects of unpolished Thai rice during precancerous stage through the involvement of ${\beta}$-catenin, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and inflammatory cytokines focusing on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF)-related to CRC. Male Sprague Dawley rats received two injections of AOM (15 mg/kg body weight) at weeks 4 and 5 while rats were treated with 20% or 70% unpolished Thai rice. The rats were sacrificed at week 38 and the colons removed for aberrant crypt foci (ACF) identification. Histopathologic changes, immunohistochemical analysis of ${\beta}$-catenin and COX-2 expression, and cytokine expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers were determined. The administration of unpolished Thai rice significantly and dose dependently decreased the total number of ACF and the percentages of ACF with high-grade dysplasia. Interestingly, unpolished Thai rice suppressed the expression of ${\beta}$-catenin and COX-2. In addition, it also altered proinflammatory (IL-6 and IFN-${\gamma}$) and anti-inflammatory (IL- 10) markers. The results suggested that unpolished Thai rice may provide a promising dietary intake for prevention during precancerous stage of CRC development, through the involvement of ${\beta}$-catenin and COX-2 expression, and also modulate inflammatory cytokines-related to CRC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3533-3540
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• 2016

Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the leading global causes of premature and preventable death. In Brunei Darussalam, smoking-related diseases have been a primary cause of mortality for the past three decades. Despite the increasing efforts that have been made in recent years to reduce the consumption of tobacco products in Brunei, the prevalence of adolescent smoking cigarette, however has risen alarmingly, from 8.9% in 2013 to 11.4% in 2014, with a higher prevalence found in males (17.8%) than in females (4.8%). In response to the need for more effective smoking prevention programmes in Brunei, this study sought to explore factors that influence Bruneian male adolescents to start and continue smoking. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study using focus group discussions (FGDs) as the data collection method was conducted from October to November 2015. A total of 43 studentss, comprising 31 smokers and 12 non-smokers, aged 13-17 years, from two government secondary schools in Bandar Seri Begawan, participated in six FGDs. Discussions were recorded and translated. Transcripts were entered into NVivo10, before thematic analysis was conducted. Results: We identified three themes under the core construct of 'factors influencing smoking initiation' ('family as teachers', 'overt pressure from peers' and 'perceived smoking has many advantages') and three themes under the core construct of 'factors influencing smoking continuation' ('craving and addiction', 'smoking as a 'social activity' and 'easy accessibility of cigarettes'). Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended that future prevention activities should be embedded in a comprehensive approach, involving all stakeholders within a community, and should be focused towards bringing a change in smoking and parenting behavior of parents, social norms within the culture towards all population levels, and at strengthening the existing non-smoking policies in schools and other public places where young people congregate.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2018

Background: Selecting priority occupational carcinogens is important for cancer prevention efforts; however, standardized selection methods are not available. The objective of this paper was to describe the methods used by CAREX Canada in 2015 to establish priorities for preventing occupational cancer, with a focus on exposure estimation and descriptive profiles. Methods: Four criteria were used in an expert assessment process to guide carcinogen prioritization: (1) the likelihood of presence and/or use in Canadian workplaces; (2) toxicity of the substance (strength of evidence for carcinogenicity and other health effects); (3) feasibility of producing a carcinogen profile and/or an occupational estimate; and (4) special interest from the public/scientific community. Carcinogens were ranked as high, medium or low priority based on specific conditions regarding these criteria, and stakeholder input was incorporated. Priorities were set separately for the creation of new carcinogen profiles and for new occupational exposure estimates. Results: Overall, 246 agents were reviewed for inclusion in the occupational priorities list. For carcinogen profile generation, 103 were prioritized (11 high, 33 medium, and 59 low priority), and 36 carcinogens were deemed priorities for occupational exposure estimation (13 high, 17 medium, and 6 low priority). Conclusion: Prioritizing and ranking occupational carcinogens is required for a variety of purposes, including research, resource allocation at different jurisdictional levels, calculations of occupational cancer burden, and planning of CAREX-type projects in different countries. This paper outlines how this process was achieved in Canada; this may provide a model for other countries and jurisdictions as a part of occupational cancer prevention efforts.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.917-930
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• 2021

최근 범죄 유발의 결정요인을 공간적 특성 중심으로 분석하는 범죄예방 대책의 일환으로, 셉테드(CPTED)에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구는 CPTED 기본계획 수립 목적으로 울주군의 범죄 취약지를 분석하였다. 선행연구들에서 지표로 선정한 인구학적, 사회경제학적, 물리적 요인에 따른 범죄유발요인 등 12개의 지표를 표본 선정하고, 통계 분석을 통해 범죄 취약성 지수를 도출하였다. 분석 결과, 인구학적 범죄취약지수가 높은 지역은 아파트 단지 위주의 인구가 집중된 지역, 사회경제적 범죄취약지수가 높은 지역은 지가가 낮고 여성인구 비율이 높은 지역. 물리적 범죄취약지수가 높은 지역은 풍속업소가 다수 분포한 상업지역이라는 특성을 파악할 수 있었다. 다만, 본 연구는 선행 연구의 지표들을 토대로 지역별 특성이 다른 지자체에 일반화하기에는 한계가 따르므로, 향후 지역별 특성을 고려한 추가 지표를 설정하여, 지자체에 최적화된 범죄 취약성 평가가 수행되어야 할 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.228-238
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• 2023

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a serious concern for preterm infants and can predispose such infants to brain injury and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. IVH is particularly common in preterm infants. Although advances in obstetric management and neonatal care have led to a lower mortality rate for preterm infants with IVH, the IVH-related morbidity rate in this population remains high. Therefore, the present review investigated the pathophysiology of IVH and the evidence related to interventions for prevention. The analysis of the pathophysiology of IVH was conducted with a focus on the factors associated with cerebral hemodynamics, vulnerabilities in the structure of cerebral vessels, and host or genetic predisposing factors. The findings presented in the literature indicate that fluctuations in cerebral blood flow, the presence of hemodynamic significant patent ductus arteriosus, arterial carbon dioxide tension, and impaired cerebral venous drainage; a vulnerable or fragile capillary network; and a genetic variant associated with a mechanism underlying IVH development may lead to preterm infants developing IVH. Therefore, strategies focused on antenatal management, such as routine corticosteroid administration and magnesium sulfate use; perinatal management, such as maternal transfer to a specialized center; and postnatal management, including pharmacological agent administration and circulatory management involving prevention of extreme blood pressure, hemodynamic significant patent ductus arteriosus management, and optimization of cardiac function, can lower the likelihood of IVH development in preterm infants. Incorporating neuroprotective care bundles into routine care for such infants may also reduce the likelihood of IVH development. The findings regarding the pathogenesis of IVH further indicate that cerebrovascular status and systemic hemodynamic changes must be analyzed and monitored in preterm infants and that individualized management strategies must be developed with consideration of the risk factors for and physiological status of each preterm infant.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.137-139
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• 2022

노인들이 가장 두려워하는 질병으로 알려진 치매는 대한민국이 고령사회가 됨에 따라 그 예방의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 그런데, 치매 예방을 위한 대부분의 현존 게임은 예방이라는 기능성 가치에만 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 치매 예방에 적합한 60대를 사용자층으로 선정하여, 사용자의 유희적 경험에 중점을 맞춘 모바일 치매 예방 게임을 제안한다. 이를 위해 사용자 관심사 조사 및 관련 문헌 조사를 진행했고, 조사를 토대로 바리스타 직업 체험이라는 주제로 실재감을 적용한 프로토타입을 제작했다. 결과적으로 사용자는 게임을 통해 치매 예방에 효과적인 4가지 인지 능력이 향상됨과 동시에 관심사에 따른 유희적 경험을 기대할 수 있다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 치매 예방을 목표로 하는 60대 사용자가 즐겁게 목표를 달성하는 효과를 기대하는 바이다.