• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 학회창립 10주년 기념 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.681-684
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• 1999

The development of external prestressing methods has been one of the major trends in the concrete bridge constructions over the past decades. One of the promising methods to enhance the flexural strength of a externally prestressed girder is to place the tendons with large eccentricities. The test results in this study showed that the external prestressing of a composite girder increased the range of the elastic behavior, reduced deflections, increased ultimate strength, and added to the redundancy by providing the multiple stress paths. This study was conducted on the concrete bridges reinforced by the continuous girders and the external prestressing.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2009

CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) 긴장재는 PC 강연선의 부식문제를 해결하기 위해 대안으로 사용될 수 있다. CFRP 긴장재를 콘크리트구조물에 적용하기 위해서는 부착강도, 전달길이, 정착길이와 같은 재료적 특성이 명확히 결정되어야 한다. 특히 프리텐션 콘크리트 부재에 CFRP 긴장재가 적용될 경우 전달길이는 긴장력 도입에 있어서 중요한 요소가 된다. 본 연구에서 개발된 CFRP 전달길이 및 정착길이를 산정하기 위해 프리텐션 보 9개를 제작하였다. 전달길이 실험결과, 긴장력 25%인 경우는 34D, 긴장력 50%인 경우는 55D로 측정되었고, 긴장력이 커지면 전달길이가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 시간경과에 따른 전달길이 변화를 살펴보면, 긴장력의 크기에 따라 시간경과가 전달길이에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 보강재 특성계수 산정 결과, 본 연구에서 개발된 CFRP 긴장재의 보강재-특성 계수 ${\alpha}_t$는 2.3으로 PS강연선 (${\alpha}_t=2.4$)과 비슷한 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.631-643
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• 2010

A numerical procedure for the geometrical and material nonlinear analysis of concrete beams prestressed with external tendons is described, where the effects of external prestressing are treated as the equivalent loads applied on the concrete beams. The geometrical nonlinearity is considered not only the eccentricity variations of external tendons (second-order effects) but also the large displacement effects of the structure. The numerical method can predict the nonlinear response of externally prestressed concrete beams throughout the entire loading history with considerable accuracy. An evaluation of second-order effects of externally prestressed concrete beams is carried out using the proposed analysis. The analysis shows that the second-order effects have significant influence on the response characteristics of externally prestressed concrete beams. They lead to inferior ultimate load and strength capacities and a lower ultimate stress increase in tendons. Based on the current analysis, it is recommended that, for simply-supported externally prestressed beams with straight horizontal tendons, one deviator at midspan instead of two deviators at one-third span be furnished to minimize these effects.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1997년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.106-113
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• 1997

Until now, the evaluation of prestressing force during the survice state has received limited attention. Only initial prestressing force is estimated by reading the pressure values of a hydraulic jack or by observing the initial elongation of tendons. In this study, the initial losses and time dependent losses of prestressing force have been monitored by installing 12 vibrating wire-type load cells at the part of P.C. box bridge of Gangbyun Riverside Highway. Also comparative study was made for measured prestressing losses and estimated values. 2-dimensional analysis was performed to see the trend of prestressing losses, and the results was compared with measured ones.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.1297-1302
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• 2000

A literature review has been carried out to investigate why bridges have collapsed without warning. The reasons behind the collapses have been categorized into short and long term risks. It is thought that permanent monitoring systems which assess structural adequacy are more appropriate to long term risks. From the knowledge of the Korean bridge stock, its current problems and its likely future problems, it was considered that generally the most useful application for a permanent monitoring system is to monitor where chloride-induced corrosion either of the reinforcement or prestressing tendons is possible. A number of permanent monitoring systems currently in use on existing bridges which include some aspect of corrosion detection have been reviewed. The reasons as to why they are being used, what is being measured, what techniques are being used, and if they are deemed successful has been investigated. Based on these findings, and experimental programme has been constructed to investigate the accuracy, reliability and usefulness of various suitable techniques which could be included in a permanent monitoring system.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표회 제16권2호
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• pp.81-84
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• 2004

Prestressing tendons in a nuclear containment building dome are non-axisymmetrically arranged in most cases. However, simple axisymmetric modeling of the containment has been often employed in practice, which requires the axisymmetric approximation of the actual tendon arrangements in the dome. A procedure was previously proposed that can implement the actual 3D tendon stiffness and prestressing effect into the axisymmetric model for CANDU type. This paper further verifies and compares some methodologies adopted in the proposed scheme through some numerical examples.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.879-898
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• 2004

A method of making simply supported girders continuous is described for bridges with spans of 30-45 m. The splicing method takes advantage of an induced secondary moment to transform the self-weight stresses in the precast simply supported girders into values representative of a continuous girder. The secondary moment results from prestressing of continuity tendons and detensioning of temporary tendons in the girders. Preliminary sections are selected for spliced U-girder bridges with a range of span lengths. Use of the proposed technique results in girder depth reductions of 500-800 mm when compared to standard simply supported I-girder bridges. The flexural behavior of an example bridge with 40-m spans is examined to illustrate the necessary considerations for determining the optimum sequence of splicing operations.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.451-472
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• 2009

Based on a numerical method to analyse the full-range behaviour of prestressed concrete beams with unbonded tendons, parametric studies are carried out to investigate the influence of 11 parameters on the curvature ductility of unbonded prestressed concrete (UPC) beams. It is found that, among various parameters studied, the depth to prestressing tendons, depth to non-prestressed tension steel, partial prestressing ratio, yield strength of non-prestressed tension steel and concrete compressive strength have substantial effects on the curvature ductility. Although the curvature ductility of UPC beams is affected by a large number of factors, rather simple equations can be formulated for reasonably accurate estimation of curvature ductility. Conversion factors are introduced to cope with the difference in partial safety factors, shapes of equivalent stress blocks and the equations to predict the ultimate tendon stress in BS8110, EC2 and ACI318. The same equations can also be used to provide conservative estimates of ductility of UPC beams with compression steel.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.541-557
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• 2016

Prefabricated bridge substructures provide new possibility for designers in terms of efficiency of creativity, fast construction, geometry control and cost. Even though prefabricated bridge columns are widely adopted as a substructure system in the bridge construction project recently, lack of deeper understanding of the seismic behavior of prefabricated bridge substructures cause much concern on their performance in high seismic zones. In this paper, experimental research works are presented to verify enhanced design concepts of prefabricated bridge piers. Integration of precast segments was done with continuity of axial prestressing tendons and mild reinforcing bars throughout the construction joints. Cyclic tests were conducted to investigate the effects of the design parameters on seismic performance. An analytical method for moment-curvature analysis of prefabricated bridge columns is conducted in this study. The method is validated through comparison with experimental results and the fiber model analysis. A parametric study is conducted to observe the seismic behavior of prefabricated bridge columns using the analytical study based on strain compatibility method. The effects of continuity of axial steel and tendon, and initial prestressing level on the load-displacement response characteristics, i.e., the strain of axial mild steels and posttensioned tendon at fracture and concrete crushing strain at the extreme compression fiber are investigated. The analytical study shows the layout of axial mild steels and posttensioned tendons in this experiment is the optimized arrangement for seismic performance.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1999

The external, unbonded prestressed concrete(PSC) members exhibit very different structural behavior from that of internal bonded PSC members because of eccentricity change and slip occurrence during loading process. The purpose of the present study is to propose the ultimate failure stresses of prestressing (PS) steels for those external unbonded PSC members. To this end, a comprehensive analysis has been made using the nonlinear finite element analysis program developed recently for external unbonded PSC members by authors. A series of major influencing variables have been included in the analysis. It was found that the span-depth ratio, neutral axis depth-effective depth ratio, load geometry, amount of ordinary steel, and prestressing steel ration have great influence for the ultimate failue stress of PS steel is preposed and is compared with experimental dat as well as existing formulas for internal unbonded members. The Comparison indicates that the proposed equation agrees relatively well with experimental data and that existing formulas including ACI and AASHTO equations show some discrepancies from experimental ones. The present study allows more realistic analysis and design of prestressed concrete structures with external unbonded tendons.