• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.25-35
• /
• 2023

Background: In order to emphasize the importance of clinical dental hygienists-led dental hygiene management processes for those with systemic diseases, we tried to identify systemic diseases affecting dental implants based on clinical data. Methods: In order to identify systemic diseases affecting dental implants, literature review was conducted from March 1 to May 31, 2023, and the search period was for research papers published in domestic and foreign academic journals from January 2000 to December 2020. Domestic databases used for search use RISS, Nuri Media(DBpia), and Korea Academic Information (http://www.papersearch.net ; KISS), while overseas databases searched Pubmed for dental implant failures, implants, systemic diseases, and Dental implant and system disease. Results: The cumulative survival rate of implants averaged 94.3 percent and the failure rate was 5.7 percent. Clinical analysis of systemic diseases related to implants accounted for the highest frequency with 13 (100.0%), followed by 8 (61.5%) studies on high blood pressure and smoking, 7 (53.8%) cardiovascular diseases, and 5 (38.5%). In addition, liver disease, thyroid abnormalities, blood abnormalities, organ transplants and infectious diseases were confirmed. Conclusion: Since unregulated systemic diseases are a risk factor for implant failure, clinical dental hygienists should continue to maintain healthy oral conditions by sharing information with patients during periodic preventive dental hygiene management processes such as dental hygiene assessment.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.79
• /
• pp.33-82
• /
• 2024

Interest in ESG management, which spread through the UN PRI in 2006, has recently spread throughout our society. Consumers use a company's activeness in the ESG field as the standard of consumption behavior, and the international community is reorganizing and strengthening various regulatory measures. In the investment market, non-financial performance (ESG information) is used as an important investment indicator along with financial performance (credit rating). Due to these changes in the corporate evaluation paradigm and market pressure, if a company neglects ESG response activities, it is more likely to be excluded from market selection, and accordingly, the importance of ESG management is also increasing. Companies are making various efforts to secure legitimacy in response to these market pressures, but in the process, it is difficult to systematically manage and utilize records/data that are the basis for ESG management. For a basic understanding of ESG management, this paper summarizes the emerging process of ESG and the current ESG-related regulations applied to companies. Through this, it can be seen that ESG management is not carried out with the good will of the company, but is accepted as a management strategy for the survival of the company according to the change in the corporate evaluation paradigm. Through interviews with the company's ESG-related personnel, the company's ESG response process was divided into passive communication and active communication, and the problems identified during the interview were summarized for each communication type. In addition, in the process of passively and actively communicating ESG management information with internal and external stakeholders, the possibility that ESG archives can function as a tool to overcome problems for each communication type was raised, and five types of ESG archives that can play this role were presented.

• Korean Circulation Journal
• /
• v.54 no.7
• /
• pp.409-421
• /
• 2024

Background and Objectives: The recent developments in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are emphasizing the multidisciplinary team. We report on the changes in clinical practice following the development of a multidisciplinary team, based on our 7 years of experience. Methods: Multidisciplinary team was established in 2015 offering both balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) with technical upgrades by internal and external expertise. For operable cases, PEA was recommended as the primary treatment modality, followed by pulmonary angiography and right heart catheterization after 6 months to evaluate treatment effect and identify patients requiring further BPA. For patients with inoperable anatomy or high surgical risk, BPA was recommended as the initial treatment modality. Patient data and clinical outcomes were closely monitored. Results: The number of CTEPH treatments rapidly increased and postoperative survival improved after team development. Before the team, 38 patients were treated by PEA for 18 years; however, 125 patients were treated by PEA or BPA after the team for 7 years. The number of PEA performed was 64 and that of BPA 342 sessions. World Health Organization functional class I or II was achieved in 93% of patients. The patients treated with PEA was younger, male dominant, higher pulmonary artery pressure, and smaller cardiac index, than BPA-only patients. In-hospital death after PEA was only 1 case and none after BPA. Conclusions: The balanced development of BPA and PEA through a multidisciplinary team approach proved synergistic in increasing the number of actively treated CTEPH patients and improving clinical outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.327-340
• /
• 2017

This article reviews the papers published in the Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering during 2016. It is intended to understand the status of current research in the areas of heating, cooling, ventilation, sanitation, and indoor environments of buildings and plant facilities. Conclusions are as follows. (1) The research works on the thermal and fluid engineering have been reviewed as groups of flow, heat and mass transfer, the reduction of pollutant exhaust gas, cooling and heating, the renewable energy system and the flow around buildings. CFD schemes were used more for all research areas. (2) Research works on heat transfer area have been reviewed in the categories of heat transfer characteristics, pool boiling and condensing heat transfer and industrial heat exchangers. Researches on heat transfer characteristics included the results of the long-term performance variation of the plate-type enthalpy exchange element made of paper, design optimization of an extruded-type cooling structure for reducing the weight of LED street lights, and hot plate welding of thermoplastic elastomer packing. In the area of pool boiling and condensing, the heat transfer characteristics of a finned-tube heat exchanger in a PCM (phase change material) thermal energy storage system, influence of flow boiling heat transfer on fouling phenomenon in nanofluids, and PCM at the simultaneous charging and discharging condition were studied. In the area of industrial heat exchangers, one-dimensional flow network model and porous-media model, and R245fa in a plate-shell heat exchanger were studied. (3) Various studies were published in the categories of refrigeration cycle, alternative refrigeration/energy system, system control. In the refrigeration cycle category, subjects include mobile cold storage heat exchanger, compressor reliability, indirect refrigeration system with $CO_2$ as secondary fluid, heat pump for fuel-cell vehicle, heat recovery from hybrid drier and heat exchangers with two-port and flat tubes. In the alternative refrigeration/energy system category, subjects include membrane module for dehumidification refrigeration, desiccant-assisted low-temperature drying, regenerative evaporative cooler and ejector-assisted multi-stage evaporation. In the system control category, subjects include multi-refrigeration system control, emergency cooling of data center and variable-speed compressor control. (4) In building mechanical system research fields, fifteenth studies were reported for achieving effective design of the mechanical systems, and also for maximizing the energy efficiency of buildings. The topics of the studies included energy performance, HVAC system, ventilation, renewable energies, etc. Proposed designs, performance tests using numerical methods and experiments provide useful information and key data which could be help for improving the energy efficiency of the buildings. (5) The field of architectural environment was mostly focused on indoor environment and building energy. The main researches of indoor environment were related to the analyses of indoor thermal environments controlled by portable cooler, the effects of outdoor wind pressure in airflow at high-rise buildings, window air tightness related to the filling piece shapes, stack effect in core type's office building and the development of a movable drawer-type light shelf with adjustable depth of the reflector. The subjects of building energy were worked on the energy consumption analysis in office building, the prediction of exit air temperature of horizontal geothermal heat exchanger, LS-SVM based modeling of hot water supply load for district heating system, the energy saving effect of ERV system using night purge control method and the effect of strengthened insulation level to the building heating and cooling load.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.51 no.5
• /
• pp.386-399
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study examined whether the supply of healthy Korean diets for 12 weeks is effective in improving the risk factors related to serum GGT and cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypertension and diabetes. Methods: This study selected 41 patients, who were treated with hypertension and diabetes. The Korean diet was composed of cooked-rice, soup, kimchi, and various banchan with one serving called bapsang, which emphasize proportionally high consumption of vegetables and fermented foods, moderate to high consumption of legumes and fish, and low consumption of animal foods. The control group was instead instructed to "eat and exercise as usual" while following the Korean Diabetes Association's dietary guidelines with an intake that can assist in glycemic control, maintain adequate weight, and meet the nutritional requirements. The Korean diet group (21 patients) were served three healthy Korean meals a day for 12 weeks, and the control group (20 patients, who trained in the diet guideline of diabetes) maintained their usual diabetic diet. The serum GGT, blood pressure, heart rate, glycemic control data, cardiovascular risk indicators, and changes in diet measured at the four visits (week 0, 4, 8, and 12) during the course of 12 weeks were compared and evaluated. Results: The serum GGT (p < 0.001), HbA1c (p = 0.004), heart rate (p = 0.007), weight (p = 0.002), Body Mass Index (p = 0.002), body fat mass (p < 0.001), body fat (%) (p < 0.001), and free fatty acid (p = 0.007) in the Korean diet group decreased significantly after the dietary intervention compared to the control group. The amount of intake of rice, whole grains, green vegetables, Kimchi, and soybean fermented food were increased significantly compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The Korean diet group showed significant decreases (p < 0.001) in the intake of animal protein, lipid, and cholesterol derived from animal foods compared to the control group but significant increases (p < 0.001) in the intake of total calories, folic acid, dietary fiber, sodium, potassium, and vitamins A, E, and C. Conclusion: In patients with hypertension and diabetes, it was confirmed that regular eating of a healthy Korean diet helps improve the risk factors for GGT and cardiovascular diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.145-159
• /
• 2004

The conventional method for assessment of liquefaction potential proposed by Seed and Idriss has been widely used in most countries because of simplicity of tests. Even though various data such as stress, strain, stress path, and excess pore water pressure can be obtained from the dynamic test, especially, two simple experimental data such as the maximum deviatoric stress and the number of cycles at liquefaction have been used in the conventional assessment. In this study, a new detailed assessment for liquefaction potential to reflect both characteristics of real earthquake motion and dynamic soil resistance is proposed and verified. In the assessment, the safety factor of the liquefaction potential at a given depth of a site can be obtained by the ratio of a resistible cumulative plastic shear strain determined through the performance of the conventional cyclic test and a driving cumulative plastic shear strain calculated from the shear strain time history through the ground response analysis. The last point to cumulate the driving plastic shear strain to initiate soil liquefaction is important for this assessment. From the result of cyclic triaxial test using real earthquake motions, it was concluded that liquefaction under the impact-type earthquake loads would initiate as soon as a peak loading signal was reached. The driving cumulative plastic shear strain, therefore, can be determined by adding all plastic shear strains obtained from the ground response analysis up to the peak point. Through the verification of the proposed assessment, it can be concluded that the proposed assessment for liquefaction potential can be a progressive method to reflect both characteristics of the unique soil resistance and earthquake parameters such as peak earthquake signal, significant duration time, earthquake loading type, and magnitude.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.11-36
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyze health behavior by comparing the difference between self-perceived health status and health examination results. The study subjects consist of 7,702 people aged over 20, surveyed by Health Interview survey, Health Examination survey, Dietary Life survey, Health Consciousness and Behavior survey. Data used in the study are drawn from raw data from a 1998 National Health and Nutrition survey. General characteristics variables are sex, age, education level, residential area, marital status, occupation, and living standard while dichotomous variables, ‘not healthy’ and ‘healthy’ are used to measure self-perceived health status. Variables for health examination results are high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, liver diseases, liver inflammation, kidney diseases, normal weight, regular diet, optimum sleeping time(7-8 hours), regular health examination and health behavior practice group. Major findings of the study are as follows: 1) Analysis of self-perceived health status and health behavior by disease: Variables significantly correlated with high self-perceived health status have strong associations with high health behavior practice, which supports the hypothesis that as one has high self-perceived health status, one is more likely to practice health promoting behavior. The results of analysis of health behavior differences by dividing subjects into two categories, ‘cases of illness’ and ‘cases of no illness’ indicate that drinking, sleeping time, health examination are significant variables (p〈0.001, 0.05) whereas smoking, weight control, regular exercise, regular diet are not significant. 2) Analysis of disparity patterns between self-perceived health status and health examination: The hypothesis that health behaviors would be different according to the disparity pattern between self-perceived health status and health examination is supported as a result of χ2 test. Among Type I : Self-perceived health status is high and actual health status is good (no disease) Type II: Self-perceived health status is high and actual health status is poor(have disease) Type III: Self-perceived health status is low and actual health status is good(no disease) Type IN: Self-perceived health status is low and actual health status is poor(have disease) Type I and Type IV show no disparity, Type I shows the highest health promoting behavior whereas Type IV shows the lowest health promoting behavior. Type II, and III, compared to Type I, practise lower health promoting behavior. Multi-logistics regression analysis was conducted to find out the degree of impact on health behavior. Independent variables are general characteristics, self-perceived health status and health examination result and presence of illness, while the dependent variable is health promoting behavior. The analysis of the impact of self-perceived health status on the health promoting behavior shows that smoking, drinking, weight control, regular exercise, health examination practice, and/or regular diet are significantly correlated to self-perceived health status. High self-perceived health status is inversely related to high health promoting behavior. This finding supports the hypothesis that the higher one perceives one's health, the more likely one is to practice health promoting behavior. On the contrary, the presence of illness has little impact on health promoting behavior. 3) Multiple logistics analysis on how disparity patterns between self-perceived health status and health examination affect health behavior: The results of multiple logistics analysis made on health behavior variables compared to the standard variable are as follows: When analyzed on the standard of Type I, smoking is a significant risk factor for the Type IV. In case of drinking, all the patterns show a high probability of relative risk ratio. With regard to weight control, it is a risk factor for Type II while all the patterns show high probability of not practising when analyzed on the standard of type IV. Type III and IV show high probability of not doing regular exercise while Type IV, shows a high probability of not taking appropriate sleeping time. When analyzed on the standard of type IV, all the patterns show a high probability of not taking health examinations. Type III and IV show a high probability of not having regular meals. As for overall health promoting behavior, Type III and IV show a high relative risk ratio. These two groups have low self-perceived health status. It implies that self-perceived health status has significant impact on health promoting behavior. This is also supported by the fact that Type I with high self-perceived health status and no illness shows a high practice rate of health promoting behavior. Types II and III the groups with high disparity between self-perceived health status and health examination results, show a low practice rate of health promoting behavior when compared to Type I. Type IV, that is the group with low self-perceived health status and actual illness, shows the lowest practice of health promoting behavior. It is highly probable that this type proves to be the poorest health group.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.182-196
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic resources for developing a parish nursing program. We did this by investigating what demands were made on the parish nursing service by the parishes or churches under review. The subjects of this study were 96 pastors located throughout the City of Busan. NP (New paragraph) $\gg$ We conducted our research by utilizing a modified version of the study created by Hwang (2000) and by using the help of prior research and professionals gathered from the parish nurse questionnaire by Djupe (1990). The data in this study were collected from July 1 to Oct. 31, 2001, using the questionnaire method. The Data were analyzed by: (a) frequency: (b) percentage: (c) mean: (d) standard deviation, and x^2-test$ with SPSS/PC program. The study has found the follows: 1. For subjects making demands on the parish nursing service, 95.8% were in need of using the services of parish nurses. On the demands of parish nursing service for the subjects, 95.8% the necessity of parish nursing services. And they answered by their intention of asking for parish nursing service practice. 2. Of the subjects under review, 71.9% were part-time workers and 28.1% were full-time employees 71.9% of part time and 28.1% of full times duty. In terms of the method of pay for work, 41.8% were pay free or freelance while 51.2% were on salary. And engagement intention of parish nurse as preacher was 88.5%. 3. The demand for nursing services in various categories were as follows. (a) hospice care: (4.02 1.11), (b) health screening: (3.98 1.09), (c) home visiting: (3.97 1.16), (d) group health education: (3.81 1.12), (e) organization of volunteer groups: (3.75 1.12), (f) individual health education: (3.75 1.14), (g) advice on choosing hospital or hospital consultation: (3.69 1.21) and (h) individual counseling: (3.51 1.31). 4. In terms of the specific services rendered by parish nurses. our study found that services were needed for the following: physical symptom management; preparation before death in spiritual preparation for death, blood pressure check in health examination, home visiting where the patient makes phone call, management of chronic disease in group health education, disease management in individual health education, advice on choosing hospital, or hospital consultation: and physical problems in individual counseling. 5. With respect to whether there was a correlation between what church a pastor came from and the types of demands made, there was NO significant difference found. 6. In relation to the characteristics of the subjects and their church and the hope demands (duty pattern and method of payment and engagement intention of parish nurse as preacher) for parish nurses, these had non significant differences. In conclusion, the perception of parish nursing service is very high. Moreover, we found that there is a great demand for well ordered parish nursing services to promote the health of each congregation. Before doing so, it would be better to make things known and to consider the relevant characteristics shown in the researched results.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.647-656
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between vitamin D level and dyslipidemia in Korean adults aged 19 years and older. The data for analysis were obtained from the sixth Korea National Health Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 and 2014. Result: This study showed that 74.4% of the specified adult population had vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was found to be 39.6% in the same population. Dyslipidemia differed significantly according to gender (p<0.001), age (p<0.001), smoking status (p<0.001), subjective health status (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), blood pressure (p<0.001), FBS (p<0.001), physical activity (p<0.001), and vitamin D level (p<0.001). When vitamin D deficiency was less than 20.0 ng/mL, there was a significant risk of dyslipidemia with an odds ratio of 1.29 (95% Cl, 1.11-1.51). The relationship between vitamin D level and a diagnosis index of dyslipidemia with controlled status of physical activity was statistically significant; in Korean adults, the odds ratio for total cholesterol was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.04-1.81) and for triglyceride was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.11-1.66). Conclusion: Our results showed the relationship between vitamin D level and dyslipidemia was significant in Korean adults, and total cholesterol and triglycerides, which are indicators of dyslipidemia, was significant. Future studies, such as a more systematic cohort study investigating the relationship between vitamin D level and dyslipidemia may be helpful in confirming the causal relationship between vitamin D and dyslipidemia.

• 아동간호학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1997.11a
• /
• pp.61-74
• /
• 1997

Endotracheal suctioning is a routine procedure used for clearing secretions from the airway of the intubated infant. This procedure is not without complications. Endotracheal suctioning has been associated with decreases in $PaO_2$, decreases in systemic venous oxygenation, alterations in mean arterial Pressure, disturbances in cardiac rhythm and development of nosocomial pneumonia. So several endotracheal suctioning techniques have been developed to prevent these blown complications. Another method of Endotracheal suctioning eliminates the risk associated with disconnecting the infant from the ventilatior to perform the suctioning procedure. Studies examining closed endotracheal suctioning methods reported that the closed method results in less arterial oxygen saturation, and less systemic venous oxygen desaturation. However those studies have focused on adult patients, and there have been no published studies for newborn infants. The specific purpose of this study is to investigate the two methods and to make a comparison in terms of (1)variations in $SaO_2$, heart rate, and respiration rate appeared before and after the endotracheal suctioning; (2)difference in occurrence of nosocomial infection; (3)difference in recovery time to arrive at pre-suction baseline after suctioning and in nursing time taken for the suctioning. The present study is based on the data obtained from two groups of newborn infants : one group comprises 8 infants with closed suctioning (a total of 304 suctions) among 17 infants treated with ventilator and the other group 9 infants with open method (a total of 629 suctions). The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program package. As the distribution test on dependent variables with the Skewnesser Shapiro Wilk test showed an asymmetric distribution, the Wilcoxon Matched-pairs Singled- Ranks test was used for the test of variations in $SaO_2$, heart rate, and respiration rate appeared before and after the endotracheal suctioning. The difference in $SaO_2$ recovery time and nursing time was analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-Test. The difference in physiologic consequences and occurrence of nosocomial infection between the two groups was analyzed with the Fisher's Exact Test. The results of the study are summarized as follows. For the hypothesis 1 (There would be a difference in $SaO_2$, heart rate, and respiration rate before and after suctioning between the two suctioning methods), the difference in $SaO_2$ turns out to be statistically significant (P=0.015), but heart rate and respiration rate do not procedure a notable difference (P=0.630). The hypothesis 2 (There would be a difference in rates at which a complication arises after suctioning between the two groups) does not prove to be statistically valid (P=0.246). For the hypothesis 3(There would be a difference in $SaO_2$ recovery time and nursing time between the two groups), the average $SaO_2$ recovery time after suctioning turned out to have somewhat significant difference (P=0.064), however the difference in nursing time taken for the suctioning was not statistically significant (P=0.610). The analyses indicate that the closed endotracheal suctioning is more efficient as compared with the open method, in maintaining pre-suction baseline $SaO_2$ and a rapid recovery of newborn infants. Based on these results we suggust to apply the closed method to newborn infants in the ventilation treatment. We also suggest to extend the investigation to include the comparison of suction cost taking into account the case in which a complication arises after endotracheal suctioning between the two groups.