• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.941-953
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• 2011

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of demographic, occupation value, career attitude, and social support on high school students' career preparation behavior. The data was collected from the Korean Survey on of the Career and occupation of Youth in 2009(N=3,499). Descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA, T-test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed on SPSS 17.0. The results of this study are as follows: first, career preparation behavior according to gender was much higher for female students than male students. There were statistically significant differences in career preparation behavior according to school years. The first year students' perception in of career preparation behavior was higher than the second, and third year students. The first year students' perception in of career preparation behavior was higher than second, and third year students. Second, career preparation behavior had a significant correlations with work value, career attitude, family support, and school support. Third, this study demonstrated that career decisiveness and family support was a strong factor in career preparation behavior. In addition, among all factors, the career decisiveness of career attitude was proved to be the most influential factor on career preparation behavior. The study discusses practical implications for career education programs.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 1994

Using a model system that can compare the before and after of canal preparation in the same tooth, we measured the area of the cross section, and canal wall thickness of the distal portion of the mesial root of the mandibular molar, and compared the amount of reduction in the canal using hand flared preparation the Gates-Glidden drill flared preparation according to the changes in the MAF. The results were as follows. 1. After canal preparation, the canal wall thickness had no significant difference between the hand flared preparation and Gates-Glidden drill flared preparation. 2. The canal wall thickness, after canal preparation, there was no significant difference between the sizes of the MAF. 3. The area variation range of each cross section of root had no significant difference between MAF size and methods of canal preparation. 4. After canal preparation, the frequency of the canal wall thickness under 0.5mm showed 3.5mm below the furcation to be the most frequent with statistical significance(p<0.05). 2mm below the furcation and 5mm below the furcation followed but there was no statistical significance. 5. The danger zone of the mesial root of the mandibular molar seems to be around 3.5mm.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.53-68
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to highlight the importance of 'marital preparation skill' by focusing on more substantial and tangible skills in marriage life, and to conduct an exploratory research to examine the current conditions and gender differences in marital preparation skills of college students. Data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire in four universities located in Seoul and Gyeong-gi areas in the spring of 2013, and a total of 332 senior students chosen were used for data analysis. Based on the instrument used in Olson & Olson's(2000) PREPARE/ENRICH Program, the present study sought to suggest a measurement tool with the moniker of 'marital preparation skill' that included seven domains: conflict resolution skill, sexual relationship skill, household labor skill, financial management skill, leisure management skill, parenting preparation skill, and parental role skill. Each domain consisted of four items and thus, a total of 28 items were utilized for this study. Descriptive statistics were analyzed in order to examine the degree of marital preparation skills, and t-tests were conducted in order to assess the gender differences in marital preparation skills. The main results of this study are as follows: First, overall the degree of marital preparation skills of male students was higher than that of female students. Particularly, female students were lower than male students in the skills of financial management and conflict resolution. Second, regarding the basic household labor skill related to clothing and housing life, male students showed higher than female students, implying the impact of military life. Third, even though the degree of consciousness about appropriate preparation of parenthood and parental role seemed to be heightened, the actual degree of readiness of college students revealed to be insufficient. Male students had a much higher degree of confidence and sacrifice acceptance about parenthood, and understanding about their parents' child-rearing style than female students, while the mindset of child-rearing participation of male students was lower than that of female students. Findings of this study can be used as basic data for developing more effective and differentiated educational programs of marital preparation skills for men and women.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.528-533
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• 2000

This study was to develop an effective itraconazole liquid preparation which exhibits an enhanced bioavailability. The solubility of itraconazole was increased (72-fold) in itraconazole liquid preparation as compared with itraconazole powder. The dissolution rate of itraconazole was higher for itraconazole liquid preparation filled into a hard gelatin capsule with 90% release within 20 min as compared to 55% for $Sporanox^{\circledR}$capsules. The oral absorption of itraconazole liquid preparation and $Sporanox^{\circledR}$tablets were studied in the rat. The area under the concentration-time curve $(AUC_{0-24hr})$ of itraconazole liquid preparation ($90.25\;{\pm}\;8.36\;{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$) increased by 6.2 times compared to that of Sporanox tablets ($14.58\;{\pm}\;1.26\;{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$) after oral administration of itraconazole 15 mg/rat each. $C_{max}$ also increased to $6.87\;{\pm}\;1.15\;{\mu}g/ml$ after administration of liquid preparation $1.58\;{\pm}\;0.16\;{\mu}g/ml$ of $Sporanox^{\circledR}$tablets. These results indicate that in vivo bioavailability of itraconazole liquid preparation was significantly enhanced as compared with $Sporanox^{\circledR}$tablets.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.102-110
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the baby bath preparation and provide necessary information on the upcoming herbal bath preparation for atopic dermatitis. Methods: We selected 113 baby bath preparation by searching typing in "baby bath preparation" in 6 major web-search-engines, and 17 web shopping malls in Korea. 11 items were evaluated under three criteria : type of product, function and ingredient of goods. Results: Result showed that the most common type of bath preparation were liquid type. 96% of the products contained medical agents. Ingredients of the medical agents were herbal medicine, aroma oil, spring and sea ingredients, vitamin and extract. 33% of the products were bath preparation for the atopic dermatitis and 74% of the products were only for the baby. Conclusions: It is necessary to make a government level guideline for natural materials used in bath preparation, and to develop new products contained herbal medicine abide by oriental medical theory.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.81-92
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze and identify the problems of current laws and regulations regarding preparation and processing of herbal medicines at hospitals of Korean Medicine. Possible solutions are proposed in the end Methods : Based on the status of hospitals of Korean Medicine and characteristics of Korean Medicine and Korean Medicine industry, I analyze the laws and regulations in regards to preparation and processing of herbal medicines and propose possible solutions. Results : Regulations for the agents, places, and cautions in respect of preparation and processing of herbal medicines are inadequate. Meanwhile, the definition of drug preparation in the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act does not apply to processing and preparation of herbal Medicines at hospitals of Korean Medicine, since herbal medicines accompanies chemical and physical change. Discussions & Conclusions : New regulations for on-site preparation at hospitals of Korean Medicine are necessary. Also, the definition for herbal medicines preparation, which states possible chemical and physical changes of herbal medicines, should be specified in Pharmaceutical Affairs Act.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.401-415
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of preceptor preparation education on the preceptor's role recognition and job satisfaction. Method: This study was designed as a pre-experimental, one group pre-test and post-test design. The subjects of this study were 44 preceptors who had the preceptor preparation education at a university hospital in Suwon, Korea. Data were collected from May 26th to June 15th, 2003. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 10.0 with paired t-test and Pearson's correlation. Result: The results were as follows; (a) After the preceptor preparation education, preceptor's role recognition increased significantly compared to before the preceptor preparation education (t=-4.910, p=.000), (b) After the preceptor preparation education, job satisfaction increased significantly compared to before the preceptor preparation education(t=-4.470, p=.000), (c) Preceptor's role recognition was significantly positive correlation with job satisfaction(r=.422, p=.004). Conclusion: The results of this study shows that preceptor preparation education was effective in increasing preceptor's role recognition and job satisfaction.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate factors influencing career preparation behavior among male nursing students in South Korea. Methods: Data were collected from May 25 to June 17, 2018 and a total of 158 male nursing students participated in this study. Career decision making self-efficacy, military duty planning, and career preparation behavior were measured using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 for windows. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in career preparation behavior of participants according to entrance motivation and desired career after graduation. There were statistically significant correlations between career decision making self-efficacy and career preparation behavior (r=.65, p<.001), and between military duty planning and career preparation behavior (r=.45, p<.001). The influential factors for career preparation behavior were career decision making self-efficacy (${\beta}=.64$, p<.001), and military duty planning (${\beta}=.42$, p<.001). These factors accounted for 42% of the variance in career preparation behavior. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that to improve career preparation behavior for male nursing students, it is necessary to enhance career decision making self-efficacy and military duty planning.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.49-53
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to understand which type of fire hose should be placed in indoor fireplug box upon analyzing the preparation time between rack-type fire hose and reel-type one. With respect to the type of hose, rack-type stacking method was used and hose preparation time was measured with 5 times of repeat test, separating men and women. Study results reveal that preparation time of reel-type fire hose took longer than that of rack-type one in both men and women. For both rack-type hose and reel-type hose, preparation time by two persons took shorter than that by one man. Also, preparation time by three persons took shorted than that by two women. Preparation time for both rack-type hose and reel-type one by men took shorter than that by women. In summary, it was confirmed that rack-type hose could be prepared within shorter time than reel-type one. Since the size of drum set in the reel-type fire hose is relatively small, it had some difficulty in preparation of fire hose timely.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.175-185
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of care stress for older patients, self-perceptions of aging, and anxiety about aging on preparation for retirement in clinical nurses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which participants were 222 nurses who had at least six months of work experience and were involved in caring for older patients in the last six months at the work site. Data were collected from August to September, 2020 using an online survey questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The mean level of preparation for retirement in the participants was moderate (3.21 out of 5 points). Among the sub-domains of preparation for retirement, financial preparation had the lowest score. Self-perceptions of aging and aging anxiety were significant predictors for retirement preparation in nurses, accounting for 16% of the variable's total variance. Conclusion: A greater level of preparation for retirement was associated with a positive perception of aging and a decreased level of aging anxiety in the clinical nurses. Further research should focus on exploration of specific determinants of financial preparation for retirement and development of intervention strategies for improving preparation for retirement in the nursing workforce.