• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.210-221
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to identify relationships between a preoperative video program as nursing intervention and the perception of postoperative pain. The subjects consisted of an experimental group of 17 children and a control group of 13 children, for a total of 30 patients who were admitted the ENT Department for tonsilectomies. Data were collected from August 1, 1993 to September 31. The video program was made by the pediatric operating theater nursing staff. Postoperative painwas measured using the Face Pain Rating Scales devised by Beyer in 1984. The data were analyzed by a SPSS using frequencies, means, percentages, t-test and ANOVA to analyze the variables and demographic characteristics. The results of this study are as follows : The hypothesis, “Score of the experimental group which was shown the preoperative video program as a nursing intervention will be lower than the control group which did not see the video in postoperative pain perception.” was rejected by t=-.42, p>.05. No significant difference was found between the experimental group and the control group according demographic characteristics. From the above findings, this study suggests the following : 1. Further studies as randomized control-group pretest-posttest design are needed to control the extraneous variables. 2. A review will be suggested to be done by the preoperative video program as nursing intervention and an exploration to improve preoperative nursing care for pediatric patients with the inclusion such activities as preoperative visiting, operation theater tour etc.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2685-2691
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• 2015

To evaluate the clinical impact of preoperative serum CEA and CA19-9 on resectable gastric cancer (GC), a total of 1,075 consecutive cases with gastric adenocarcinoma were obtained retrospectively from January 2012 and December 2013 in a single tertiary hospital, and the relationships between serum CEA, CA19-9 and clinicopathologic features were investigated. Positive preoperative serum rates of CEA and CA19-9 were 22.4% and 12.3% respectively, levels significantly correlating with each other and depth of invasion, lymph node involvement, pTNM and stage. The CEA level also presented a remarkable association with lymphovascular invasion. Both CEA and CA19-9 positivity significantly and positively correlated with depth of invasion, nodal involvement, pTNM stage, lymphovascular invasion, tumor size and tumor location. Stratified analyses according to gender or tumor location showed preoperative CEA or CA19-9 had different associations with clinicopathologic features in different gender subgroups or location subgroups. Preoperative serum CA19-9 positivity may be more meaningful for tumor size rather than CEA. In conclusion, preoperative serum CEA and CA19-9 correlate with disease progression of GC, and may have applications in aiding more accurate estimation of tumor stage, decision of treatment choice and prognosis evaluation.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dehydration from preoperative fasting on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients who underwent gynecologic surgeries. Methods: Study design was a prospective descriptive study. A total of 75 patients in a university hospital were selected. Data were collected from March 17 to May 16, 2014 using self-report questionnaires and clinical electronic chart. Results: Factors influencing the development of postoperative nausea and vomiting were type of surgery (t=3.44, p=.001), use of PCA (t=-2.16, p=.034), and preoperative dehydration level (t=5.93, p<.001), and these variables accounted for 51.7% of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Among these variables, preoperative dehydration amount (${\beta}=.56$) showed the largest influence in the difference in postoperative nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Reducing dehydration during preoperative fasting can prevent occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Development of a clinical guideline is necessary to give directions for the prevention of dehydration during preoperative fasting and to ensure the proper duration of fasting according to patient characteristics, type of surgery and time of surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.421-427
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• 1991

Atrial fibrillation[Af] is closely related to thrombus in left atrium, systemic embolism, and loss of the contribution of atrial contraction to cardiac output. Therefore maintenance of sinus rhythm[SR] is undoubtedly hemodynamically superior to Af in the clinical course of mitral valvular disease especially in the unstable period immediately after surgery. In this article, the conversion rate and the factors influencing the conversion of Af to SR after surgery were studied. Ninety-three patients with mitral valvular replacement at Chungnam National University Hospital were analysed with electrocardiography before and after surgery during the period from June 1985 to June 1990. Eighty patients presented Af before surgery. Twenty-four[30Yo] of the patients were converted to SR[A group] and fifty six presented continuous Af after surgery[B group]. The duration of preoperative Af, preoperative left atrial dimension[LAD], preoperative functional status[NYHA classification] and cardiothoracic[CT] ratio were factors influencing the conversion of Af to SR after surgery. The mean preoperative duration of Af was 3.5$\pm$2.6yr in group A and 7.6$\pm$4.9yr in group B. The mean preoperative LAD was 53. 7$\pm$9.4mm in group A and 62.5$\pm$11.2mm in group B. Before surgery, eleven patients[46%] were belong to NYHA class I, II in group A and eight[14%] in group B. The preoperative CT ratio was 62$\pm$6% in group A and 69$\pm$8% in group B.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.119-124
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• 2016

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functional outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) and to assess factors affecting the patients' subjective satisfaction after RTSA. Methods: Forty-three patients (mean age, $75.0{\pm}5.2years$) who underwent RTSA for cuff tear arthropathy or irreparable cuff tears with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and pre- and postoperative radiographs at 1 year, and whose various functional outcomes including pain visual analogue scale (VAS), simple shoulder test, Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, and active range of motion were evaluated preoperatively and at the last follow-up (>12 months) were enrolled. The outcome parameter was set as a satisfaction scale. Various clinical and radiographic factors were analyzed, and their correlations with postoperative satisfaction were evaluated. Results: All functional scores, VAS pain score, and active forward flexion showed significant improvement after surgery (all p<0.001). Twenty-nine patients were satisfied with the results and 14 were dissatisfied. The presence of pseudoparalysis (p=0.028) and worse preoperative function (all p<0.05) were related with higher satisfaction. Any radiologic parameters did not affect patients' postoperative satisfaction. Conclusions: All patients showed a good functional outcome after RTSA, however the patients' subjective postoperative satisfaction was affected by preoperative functional status (higher satisfaction in poor preoperative function), not by radiological findings.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2015

Purpose: We evaluated the socio-personal and clinical factors that can affect preoperative quality of life to determine how to improve preoperative quality of life in patients with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The preoperative quality of life data of 200 patients (68 females and 132 males; mean age $58.9{\pm}12.6years$) with gastric cancer were analyzed according to socio-personal and clinical factors. The Korean versions of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core (QLQ) 30 and the EORTC QLQ-STO22, a gastric cancer-specific module, were used to assess quality of life. Patients were asked to complete the questionnaire preoperatively by themselves. Results: Patients with a higher academic background and stage I disease tended to have higher global health status scores. Highly educated younger men had better physical functioning scores. Highly educated and well-nourished patients with stage I cancer had higher role functioning scores. Married patients had better emotional scores. The symptom scales were affected by sex, age, education level, nutrition, and cancer stage. Conclusions: Preoperative quality of life in patients with gastric cancer can be improved by nutritional support and treatment of symptoms caused by disease progression. Psychological support may be helpful for patients with a poor quality of life.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.196-205
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• 2010

Purpose: We did a retrospective study to understand the prognostic effects of preoperative blood transfusions in stomach cancer surgery. Materials and Methods: Data for 1,360 patients who underwent gastrectomy for stomach cancer between 2001 and 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed factors that affect preoperative transfusion and clinicopathologic features. We also analyzed 5-year and overall survival rates of the transfusion and non transfusion subgroups. Results: Sixty patients (4.4%) required blood transfusion within the preoperative period. The transfused group included patients who took aspirin or clopidogrel (P<0.001), with more advanced T stages (P<0.001), with more advanced nodal metastasis (P=0.00), and with more advanced stages (P=0.00) than the non transfusion group. On multivariate analysis, preoperative transfusion was a statistically significant negative influence on 5-year survival and overall survival rates (58.2% vs 79.9% (P=0.00), 58.2% vs 76.8% (P=0.00)). Applying Cox-regression analyses, blood transfusion did appear to have an effect on prognosis and on 5-year and overall survival rates. Conclusions: We found a direct negative relation between preoperative transfusion and long term prognosis in patients receiving gastric cancer surgery.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.183-190
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• 2017

Background: It is important to evaluate preoperative anxiety and prepare sedation when performing dental surgery under local anesthesia. Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is useful for predicting preoperative anxiety. State anxiety is defined as a subjective feeling of nervousness. Reduction in the number of the state anxiety items (questions) will be clinically important in allowing us to predict anxiety more easily. Method: We analyzed the STAI responses from 1,252 patients who visited our institution to undergo dental surgery under local anesthesia. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted for 9 groups comprising anxiety level determinations using the STAI; we then developed a coefficient of determination and a regression formula. We searched for a group satisfying the largest number of requirements for regression expression while setting any necessary conditions for accurately predicting anxiety before dental surgery under local anesthesia. Results: The regression expression from the group determined as normal for preoperative state anxiety was deemed the most suitable for predicting preoperative anxiety. Conclusion: It was possible to reduce the number of items in the STAI by focusing on "Preoperative anxiety before dental surgery."

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate correlations between anxiety and preoperative pressure pain assessments and postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in impacted lower third molar tooth surgery. Materials and Methods: This prospective study enrolled 60 patients who underwent impacted lower third molar surgery. The preoperative State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-I (STAI-I), pressure pain threshold, and pressure pain tolerance scores were measured. At 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours, and at 6 days following surgery, the patients scored their pain on the visual analogue scale and recorded their analgesic drug usage. The data were evaluated, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: Of the 60 patients, 38 were female. Mean age was 24.62±7.42 years. The study found no relationship between preoperative pressure pain assessments and postoperative pain (P>0.05). There was also no relationship observed between preoperative STAI-I scores and postoperative pain (P>0.05). However, there was a positive correlation between operation time and total medication taken (P<0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative pressure pain threshold, pressure pain tolerance, and anxiety level had no significant effects on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in impacted lower third molar surgery.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of inhalation method using essential oils on the preoperative anxiety of hystrectomy patients, and to provide effective and holistic nursing care to them. The research design was a nonequivalent control group non synchronized design. The data were collected from February 1 to March 31, 2002 at D Medical Center in Busan. The subjects were forty one patients that were operated on under general anesthesia for hystrectomy. They were assigned to two groups, twenty one subjects in the experimental group and twenty subjects in the control group. The tool of the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) was used to anxiety on all patients the day before surgery and the preoperative period. Then systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate levels were measured the day before surgery and the preoperative period. The experimental group received two treatments of inhalation method using essential oils of with lavender, ylang ylang, and bergamot oil. The data were analyzed by the $X^2$ test and the independent t-test. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. Hypothesis 1: It has been supported that the experimental group received inhalation method using essential oils might cause lower level of the preoperative VAS anxiety than that of the control group(t=-2.93, p=.006). 2. Hypothesis 2: It has been rejected that the experimental group received inhalation method using essential oils might cause lower level in the preoperative systolic blood pressure than the control group(t=-.120, p=.905). It has been rejected that the experimental group received inhalation method using essential oils might cause lower level in the preoperative diastolic blood pressure than the control group.(t=1.766, p=.085). 3. Hypothesis 3: It has been supported that the experimental group received inhalation method using essential oils might cause lower level in preoperative pulse rate than the control group(t=5.853, p=.000). According to these results, inhalation method using essential oils can be considered an effective nursing intervention that relieves the preoperative anxiety of hysterectomy patients and stabilizes vital sign partially.