• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.96-102
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• 2020

The construction industry remains serious accidents, injuries, and fatalities due to it's unique, dynamic, and temporary nature. On workplace sites, Safety pre-task planning is one of the efforts to minimize injuries and help construction personnel to identify potential hazards. However, the working conditions are complicated. Many activities, including tasks or job steps, are executing at the same time and place. It may lead to an increase in the risks from simultaneous tasks. This paper contributes to addressing this issue by introducing a safety risk interaction analyzing framework. To accomplish this objective, accident reports of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) are investigated. The pairs of task incompatibility, which have time-space conflicts and lead to incidents, are found. Ontology technology is applied to build the risk database, in which the information is acquired, structuralized. The proposed system is expected to improve pre-task planning efficiency and relieve the burdens encountered by safety managers. A user scenario is also discussed to demonstrate how the ontology supports pre-task planning in practice.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.283-290
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• 2021

We propose a task and motion planning algorithm for clearing obstacles and wiping surfaces, which is essential for surface disinfection during the pathogen disinfection process. The proposed task and motion planning algorithm determines task parameters such as grasping pose and placement location during the planning process without using pre-specified or discretized values. Furthermore, to quickly inspect many unit motions, we propose a motion feasibility prediction algorithm consisting of collision checking and an SVM model for inverse mechanics and self-collision prediction. Planning time analysis shows that the feasibility prediction algorithm can significantly increase the planning speed and success rates in situations with multiple obstacles. Finally, we implemented a hierarchical control scheme to enable wiping motion while following a planner-generated joint trajectory. We verified our planning and control framework by conducted an obstacle-clearing and surface wiping experiment in a simulated disinfection environment.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.196-202
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• 2024

The ability to understand given environments and plan a sequence of actions leading to goal state is crucial for personal service robots. With recent advancements in deep learning, numerous studies have proposed methods for state representation in planning. However, previous works lack explicit information about relationships between objects when the state observation is converted to a single visual embedding containing all state information. In this paper, we introduce graph-based state representation that incorporates both object and relationship features. To leverage these advantages in addressing the task planning problem, we propose a Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based subgoal prediction model. This model can extract rich information about object and their interconnected relationships from given state graph. Moreover, a search-based algorithm is integrated with pre-trained subgoal prediction model and state transition module to explore diverse states and find proper sequence of subgoals. The proposed method is trained with synthetic task dataset collected in simulation environment, demonstrating a higher success rate with fewer additional searches compared to baseline methods.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.403-413
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• 2005

The environmental conservation-targeted zoning in urban planning process has been functioned as securing a ecological core in urban green spaces management. Hence, the designation of conservation zones in land use planning is considered as a key task to achieve the sustainability of urban planning. The recently introduced pre-environmental review system for the proposed urban plan, by which the conservative measures for urban ecosystem and landscape are suggested in aspect of environmental impact mitigation, has played an active role in enhancing the environmental performance degraded by wide range of development pressure. This study is aimed at drawing out of objective criteria for designation of environmental conservation zones, which can be applied to urban planning establishment and also to environmental assessment process. To achieve this goal, the study adopted the following methods; pre-study review, analysis of existing official opinion statements released by the Ministry of Environment, contents analysis of related laws, and experts' panel discussions on the finally arranged criteria. The results of this research can be summarized as follows: First, the total criteria of 48 are drown out with categorizing into environment-ecological and socio-cultural sectosr. Second, the environment-ecological part is composed of 33 criteria such as vegetation, animal, geomorphology, watershed, environmental land suitability, and etc. Here, the Degree of Ecological Function, Degree of Environmental Land Suitability, and Vegetation Map are mainly utilized. Third, the 15 socio-cultural criteria relating to the history, social ecology and landscape have such components as forest around relics, Seo-won(school), castle, tomb, landmark, skyline, natural landscape, and etc. Forth, these individual criteria can be applied to designation of each conservation zones among total of 11 conservation areas(or districts).

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.85-104
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the tasks developed through task development activities with emphasis on mathematical connectivity, and to provide implications for teacher education to enhance teacher's competence. For this purpose, I analyzed the task developed by 52 pre-teachers through the activities. As a result, they combined mathematics with 'other subjects', 'mathematics', 'phenomenon', 'technology' and 'real life'. And they also made various internal connections of 'Different representation', 'Part-whole relationship', 'Implication', 'Procedure', and 'Instruction-oriented connection'. From the point of view of teacher knowledge, the study revealed that CCK and SCK were positive in terms of 'logical' and 'expression', and KCT as 'strategic' was meaningful but disappointing in diversity; however in terms of 'level', the KCS was limited due to tasks that did not meet the level of students. As such, this analysis reveals that teachers continue to struggle with understanding students' level, but exhibit little difficulty with 'logic', 'expression' and 'strategy. This being the case, teacher education needs to place additional emphasis in understanding students' levels and planning corresponding activities.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.195-224
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• 2022

In this study, pre-service mathematics teachers cultivated technology content teaching knowledge (TPACK) in the regular curriculum of the College of Education. The course was designed to enhance pre-service teachers' mathematical communication skills by using an application, which is a mobile mathematics learning content for the development of group creativity of high school students. The educational program to improve mathematics teaching expertise using the application for group creativity expression consists of pre-education, goal setting, planning, teaching at school, and evaluation. In this process, pre-service teachers evaluated technology tools. They also wrote a task dialogue, lesson play, reflective journal, and lesson plan to guide high school students to develop group creativity in both app activities. As a result of the educational program, pre-service mathematics teachers cultivated TPACK and enhanced their mathematical communication skills with high school students to develop group creativity.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.573-579
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• 2008

This paper introduces a new approach to develop a fast gait for quadruped robot using GP(genetic programming). Planning gaits for legged robots is a challenging task that requires optimizing parameters in a highly irregular and multidimensional space. Several recent approaches have focused on using GA(genetic algorithm) to generate gait automatically and shown significant improvement over previous results. Most of current GA based approaches used pre-selected parameters, but it is difficult to select the appropriate parameters for the optimization of gait. To overcome these problems, we proposed an efficient approach which optimizes joint angle trajectories using genetic programming. Our GP based method has obtained much better results than GA based approaches for experiments of Sony AIBO ERS-7 in Webots environment.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.27-37
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• 2014

Early 20th century Singapore was faced with the problem of overcrowding. The attendant problems of a rapid increase in population density, namely the lack of proper housing and sanitation, resulted in the issue of an appropriate residential environment emerging as an important task in urban planning. It was necessary to construct housing estates in order to solve this issue. At that time, the British colonial government attempted to transplant modern technology into the construction process of a residential complex system. However, Singapore's climate and traditional lifestyle made it impossible to apply the British modern system in a straightforward manner, and in the process, a number of transformations emerged. With a specific focus on the Tiong Bahru estate, one of Singapore's representative public housing projects, from the 1930s through the 1950s, this study intends to look at the way in which such residential estates were assimilated into local surroundings, and the effect of the transplantation of British concepts of modern housing theory. Therefore, the study is divided into an examination of the estate both before and after the turning point of World War II. This study confirms that the difference between the pre-war and post-war planning strategies for the Tiong Bahru estate were made according to the concept of 'open space.'

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.1
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• pp.51-71
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• 1979

During last five years several workshops and seminars among social work educators, in and out country, has taken place. In those gatherings there has been, criticism on American model on which curriculum of social work in Korea has mainly based, and many proposals which most developing countries should consider and adopt for developing their own curriculums. The proposals could be summarized as follows; 1. Specification of developmental functions of social work should be made so that the curriculum could involve. It also must come from own societal needs and own national development task. 2. Social work should participate and make contribution to plan and solve the main social problems in own countries. 3. Clarification of educational objective in undergraduate level should be made and one of them must be related to the first professional degree. 4. There should be the courses which provide the content of macro level participation. How much of the proposals are reflected in the current curriculum of Korea? What are the problems Korean social work education has been faced in connection with reflecting the proposals? What kinds of task we should or could perform in order to adopt the proposals? These are the questions which deserved to be studied. The followings are the answers to the questions; 1. The new courses such as social welfare policy and planning, Social Development, Population Dynamics and Family Planning, Social problems, Special Issues in Social Welfare, etc, are placed in the curriculum. 2. Though the new courses are added the courses of case work, group work, and community organization are strongly remained it means that integrative method is not quite adopted and that conflicts are taking place between new and old fashion. 3. Fieldwork placement policy has been changes from concurrent to block and from social work method oriented to social problem oriented. 4. There are lack of integration among the all courses, of consistency between pre and post courses and connection among the related courses. 5. Establishment of image of social worker with B, A. degree should be urgently taken place. It can't be done by social work field alone but by cooperation with all the forces related to the social work practice. 6. B. A. graduate should have a common base of knowledge and competence. It could be come from the clear and specified objectives of undergraduate level education. And agreement among the member schools on the objectives can call on the fundamental similarities in each curriculums. Different programs from one school to another can be tolerated as long as there are fundamental similarities among the schools. Basic concepts and framework of social work should be kept clearly. It is a slow and long process to make social work recognized as a profession in the developing countries. Korea can't be and exception. Failure of having social work be indegenous can't be the reason to refuse an change the basic concepts of social work. One of he most important task which social work education in Korea must achieve in the near future is to establish the minimum requirement courses in the curriculum. Social work field, on the other hand, must find the positions for the social works in the various settings and institute. Clear role and image of social worker can be obtained by doing that.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.273-280
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• 2001

In architecture, each project participant must maintain organic relationship with others. However, current practices are rather procedural and discrete than organic, which result in considerable inefficiencies. The cool-downs of Korean construction market also force the architects to be familiar with the new construction methods and systems. This research mainly focuses on the pre-development stage of such systems, analysing relationships between the information of architectural design and other parts of construction information like structure, construction, environment, and so forth. The result of analysis can be organized into attributes of members in a physical building, which can be modeled in a 3D system. The resulting model can be used for automated generation of drawing, Bill of Materials, finite element meshes for structural analysis and energy analysis, etc. by extracting meaningful information from it. Hence, the purpose of this research is to analysis the relationship among domain-specific information (e.g. structural engineering, construction detail, energy evaluation) that are represented in drawings, and to represent the attributes of the information relevantly so that they can be applied to each unit task that forms the whole project. Therefore, an object oriented methodology is introduced to compose design informations in three dimension, and expressing properties of building factors and materials, and to construct a database for computers to recognize architecture informations.