• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.12A no.7 s.97
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• pp.589-596
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• 2005

Source code quality is very Important that software embedded into product is difficult to change. In order to improve source code quality, it should be considered the quality of analysis and design models as well as the quality of source code. In this paper, we suggest 'Practice Pattern' as one of practical techniques to improve embedded software source code quality. Practice pattern is a procedural pattern to guide modeling and coding activities in software development phases. We believe that applying our pattern provides the improvement of optimum performance, modularization, and portability for embedded software source code.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2013

Seven diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) prospective payment system is going to expand to all hospitals including university hospitals this year. However there are few studies on the change of practice pattern under prospective payment system in the university hospital setting. So This study was intended to predict the practice pattern change after the introduction of 7 DRGs prospective payment system in a university hospital setting. To predict the change of practice pattern, this study used simulation technique. Five hundred and nineteen patients classified as 5 DRGs in a university hospital were selected for simulation. The change of practice pattern were predicted based on clinicians' opinion. We also predicted payment change by service items. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the total medical payment was reduced by 14.4%. The drug payment change (8.8%) took most of total payment reduction. The followings are the change of treatment material cost (3.2%), the change of laboratory tests cost (1.8%), the change of room charge (0.5%), and other payment change (0.1%), respectively. Second, most of the reduction in total medical payment resulted from the decreased amount of medical services themselves. The transfer of medical services to outpatient setting took up only 4.9% of the total payment reduction. The change of unit price or composition took up 5.5% of the total payment reduction. In this study we found that it is possible to reduce the inpatient services through practice pattern change in university hospital setting. However, it needs to be careful to adjust DRG payment after the reduction of provided services, because most of reduction was not due to service transfer but to service volume reduction. It is desirable to utilize the saving from practice pattern change as incentive to improve quality of care.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soeumin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Greater Yin Symptomatology. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods First, it was performed that search and collection of literature related SCM such as "Dongeuisusebowon", Textbook of SCM, Clinical Guidebook of SCM and Fundamental research to standardize diagnosis of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. And journal search related clinical trial or Human complementary medicine of SCM was performed domestic and overseas. Finally, 1 article was selected and included in CPG for Greater Yin Symptomatology of Stomach Cold-based Interior Cold disease in Soeumin disease. Results & Conclusions CPG of Greater Yin symptomatology in Soeumin Disease include classification, definition and standard symptoms of each pattern. Greater Yin symptomatology is classified into mild and moderate pattern by severity. Greater Yin Symptomatology Mild pattern is classified into Greater Yin Symptomatology accompanied abdominal pain and bowel irritability and Greater Yin pattern accompanied Epigastric stuffiness and fullness. And Greater Yin Symptomatology moderate pattern is classified into Greater Yin pattern accompanied Jaundice, Greater Yin pattern accompanied Edema and Greater Yin pattern by Yin toxin.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soeumin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Congestive Hyperpsychotic symptomatology. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods First, it was performed that search and collection of literature related SCM such as "Dongeuisusebowon", Textbook of SCM, Clinical Guidebook of SCM and Fundamental research to standardize diagnosis of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. And journal search related clinical trial or Human complementary medicine of SCM was performed domestic and overseas. Finally, no article was selected and included in CPG for Congestive Hyperpsychotic symptomatology of Kidney Heat-based Exterior Heat disease in Soeumin disease. Results & Conclusions CPG of Congestive Hyperpsychotic symptomatology in Soeumin Disease include classification, definition and standard symptoms of each pattern. Congestive Hyperpsychotic symptomatology is classified into mild and severe pattern by severity. Congestive Hyperpsychotic symptomatology mild pattern is classified into initial pattern. Congestive Hyperpsychotic symptomatology severe pattern is classified into intermediate and advanced pattern and Greater Yang disease Reverting Yin pattern.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.251-261
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soyangin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Yin-Depletion (Mangeum) Symptomatology. The CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods The CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee considering of the society of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. It was performed by search and collection of literature related SCM, opinion of SCM experts and journal search and it was followed by CPG's guideline. Results & Conclusions The CPG of Yin-Depletion (Mangeum) Symptomatology in Soyangin Disease include classification, definition and standard symptoms of each pattern. Yin-Depletion (Mangeum) Symptomatology is classified into severe and critical pattern by severity. The severe pattern of Yin-Depletion (Mangeum) Symptomatology is classified into the pattern of Heat-related diarrhea accompanied by headache (Sinyeol-dutong Mangeum) and the advanced pattern of Heat-related diarrhea accompanied by headache (Sinyeol-dutong Mangeum). The critical pattern of Yin-Depletion (Mangeum) Symptomatology is classified into the pattern of Cold-related diarrhea accompanied by the abdominal pain (Sinhan-bocktong Mangeum) and the advanced pattern of Cold-related diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain (Sinhan-bocktong Mangeum).

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.20-32
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify clinical decision making pattern of pediatric nurses and analyze how it shows the differences in types of decision making pattern by nurses characters. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to pediatric nurses of 4 general hospitals in Seoul from February 2004 to April 2004. The data of 251 nurses was analyzed by varimax rotation factor analysis, t-test, and ANOVA. Results: 6 decision making patterns were identified: Individual Patient-oriented, Pattern-oriented Intuitive, Typical Nursing Knowledge-oriented, Nursing Model-oriented, Medical Knowledge-oriented, and Patient-Family-Nurse Collaborative. Individual Patient-oriented, Pattern-oriented Intuitive, Typical Nursing Knowledge-oriented, and Nursing Model-oriented decision making pattern got meaningful differences in age, marital status, total number of years in nursing practice, and number of years in pediatric nursing practice. Conclusion: We expect the result of this study can be applied for promotion of understanding the decision making of nurses that occurs in pediatric nursing practice and also can be used as foundation data for development and expansion of pediatric nursing practice.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2015

Objectives This research was performed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Taeeumin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Liver Heat-based Interior Heat (Gansuyeol-liyeol) disease. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods First, it was performed that search and collection of literature related to SCM such as "Dongeuisusebowon", Textbook of SCM, Clinical Guidebook of SCM and fundamental researches to standardize the diagnosis of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. And journal search related to clinical trials and case studies concerning SCM was performed domestic and overseas. Finally, 12 articles were selected and included in CPG for Liver Heat-based Interior Heat (Gansuyeol-liyeol) disease in Taeeumin Disease. Experts consensus was drawn through several meetings. Results & Conclusions CPG of Liver Heat-based Interior Heat (Gansuyeol-liyeol) disease in Taeeumin Disease include classification, definition and standard symptoms of each pattern. Liver Heat-based Interior Heat (Gansuyeol-liyeol) disease is classified into Liver-Heat (Ganyeol) symptomatology and Liver-Heat Lung-Dry (Ganyeol-paeJo) symptomatology. Depending on the severity of Liver Heat, Liver-Heat (Ganyeol) symptomatology is classified into mild pattern and moderate pattern. Mild pattern contains 1 disease, namely, Liver-Heat (Ganyeol) initial pattern. Moderate pattern classified into advanced pattern and intense pattern. Depending on the severity of the Lung-Dry, Liver-Heat Lung-Dry (Ganyeol-paeJo) symptomatology is classified into severe pattern and critical pattern. Severe pattern is classified into Dry-Heat (Joyeol) pattern and Dry-Heat (Joyeol) advanced pattern. Critical pattern contains 1 disease, namely, Dry-Heat (Joyeol) intense pattern (Eumhyeol-mogal yeolda pattern).

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soeumin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Yang Depletion Symptomatology. Methods This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of the society of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. it was performed by search and collection of literature related SCM, opinion of SCM experts and journal search. And it was followed by CPG's guideline. Results & Conclusions No article was selected and included in CPG for Yang Depletion Symptomatology of Kidney Heat-based Exterior Heat disease in Soeumin disease. CPG of Yang Depletion symptomatology in Soeumin Disease include classification, definition and standard symptoms of each pattern. Yang Depletion symptomatology is classified into severe and critical pattern by severity. Yang Depletion Symptomatology severe pattern is classified into initial phase pattern and intermediate phase pattern. And Yang Depletion Symptomatology critical pattern is classified into advanced phase pattern.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

Objectives This research was performed to establish the clinical practice guideline(CPG) for Lesser Yin Symptomatology of Soeumin disease. Methods Dongeui suse bowon(sinchuk edition), textbook for Sasang constitutional medicine, Clinical guidebook for Sasang constitutional medicine, and standardization reports on Sasang constitutional medicine and papers concerning symptomatology of Soeumin Disease, especially Lesser Yin Symptomatology was collected and classified. Additionally experts' conference was held to make agreement on the conflicting issues on a regular basis. Results & Conclusions There was no concerning paper on Lesser Yin Symptomatology. Experts' agreement was needed to establish the CPG. Lesser Yin pattern can be classified into 2 groups; Lesser Yin severe pattern and Lesser Yin critical pattern. There are Lesser Yin pattern accompanied abdominal pain and bowel irritability pattern and Lesser Yin pattern accompanied green tinged watery diarrhea pattern in Lesser Yin severe pattern. There are Visceral syncope pattern and Exuberant yin repelling yang pattern in Lesser Yin critical pattern. Lesser Yin symptomatology has several symptoms like abdominal pain and diarrhea, thirst, oral discomfort, chest discomfort, whole body pain, articular pain and coldness of hands and feet. Additionally there are abdominal pain and diarrhea in Lesser Yin symptomatology accompanied abdominal pain and bowel irritability pattern, there is green tinged watery diarrhea in Lesser Yin pattern accompanied green tinged watery diarrhea pattern and if this symptoms exacerbate, delirious speech and constipation can occur. There are restlessness and coldness on hands and feet in Visceral syncope pattern and severe restlessness and coldness on hands and feet and symptom which the patient cannot drink water in Exuberant yin repelling yang.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.224-240
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soyangin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Diagnosis and Algorithm. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods We searched the literature and articles related to Soyangin Symptomatology diagnosis and algorithm. For developing diagnosis and algorithm, we searched the classification, ordinary symptom, present symptom of the Soyangin Symptomatology. Results & Conclusions We classify the Soyangin Symptomatology by 4 steps: Exterior-Interior disease, favorable-unfavorable pattern, mild-moderate-severe-critical pattern (initial-advanced pattern). And at the unfavorable pattern, ordinary symptom is very important. So doctors need to focus on the symptom of unfavorable's ordinary symptom such as temperament inclined symptom, diarrhea, and diurnal body fever.