• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2014

The authors emphasize that the Republic of Kazakhstan is characterized by significant differences in the level of innovation capacity of regions. This article summarizes that the result of the monitoring of innovation potential of the regions are prerequisites for innovation policy adjustments, make it more dynamic, which ultimately contributes to its effectiveness. So, there are substantial differences in the level of innovation potential of the regions in the Republic of Kazakhstan, meanwhile it is noted that most regions' innovative features and potential can be assessed as average. After analysis of previously used methods, it can be concluded that the ranking of the level of innovation potential of regions takes place in the following order: High level of innovative potential: East Kazakhstan (3 matches), Almaty city (2 matches), Pavlodar (2 matches) and Zhambyl regions (2 matches); Low level of innovative potential: Almaty (2 matches), Mangistau (2 matches), West Kazakhstan (2 matches), Kyzylorda oblast (2 matches). In conclusion, it is emphasized that monitoring of innovative potential of regions creates the preconditions for innovation policy adjustments. These adjustments make the policy more dynamic and contribute to its effectiveness in the long run.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.76-79
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• 1981

삽수조제(揷穗調製)의 차이(差異)에 따른 1일중(日中)의 엽내(葉內)의 수(水)퍼텐셜의 변화(變化)를 측정비교하였다. 1. 엽량(葉量)을 많이 부착한 삽수(揷穗)는 적게 부착한 삽수(揷穗)보다 수분(水分)스트레스가 큰 경향이었다. 2. 삽수(揷穗)의 절단면부위(切斷面部位)의 직경(直徑)이 작을수록 1일중(日中) 수(水)퍼텐셜의 변화(變化)가 급격하였다. 3. 삽수(揷穗)의 경(莖)의 길이가 긴것은 짧은것에 비교하여 수분(水分)스트레스가 큰 경향이었다. 4. 단자삽목(團子揷木)과 무단자삽목(無團子揷木) 간(間)에는 수(水)퍼텐셜의 변화(變化)에 차이(差異)가 보이지 않았다. 5. 2년지(年枝)를 부착한 삽수(揷穗)는 1년지(年枝)만의 삽수(揷穗)에 비교하여 수(水)퍼텐셜이 보다 완만히 증가(增加)하는 경향이었으나 근(根)의 절건중(絶乾重) 및 발근(發根)한 삽수(揷穗)가 많은 것을 고려하면 수분(水分)스트레스외에 다른 원인(原因)이 관계하고 있는 것으로 생각되었다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2007

Signalling equipments at railroad sites are widely exposed to high voltage lightning surges. This paper presents a lightning protection system for the signalling equipments at subway car depots. The main features of the system are as follows : (1)the common grounding system between power system grounds and the signaling system grounds, (2)physical and chemical methods to reduce grounding resistivity, (3)rearrangement of lightning rods based on the rolling bal1 theory, (4)equi-potential bonding networks to minimize the potential differences between the equipments grounds. The system has been constructed at six subway car depots in Seoul metropolitan area and it is measured that the grounding resistivity are reduced to 0.266 ohms and the potential differences between devices are reduced to a negligible quantity. After the construction of the systems, it has not been reported the break-down of the signalling equipments caused by lighting surges.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.351-358
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was attempted to find out the differences of characteristics between potential substance-abuse group and healthy group of middle school students in Busan. Method: The participants were 458 middle school students in Busan. The data were collected from 1st September 2004 to 31th October 2004 using structured questionnaire, and then were analyzed by SPSS-WIN 10.0 program with frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and $X^2-test$. Results: 23.6% of the subjects have been smoking, and 16.2% of them have been drinking. 18.6% of the subjects was classified to potential substance-abuse group based on the cut-point suggested by Lee et al.. The characteristics of potential substance-abuse adolescents are that they have religion and siblings, that their parents have divorced, that they don't live with their parents, and that their perceived health state is bad. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, It is necessary to develop a substance abuse prevention education program for potential substance-abuse group.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2009

As development of information technologies, customer retention has been an important issue in the competing environment. A lot of researches focus on prediction of the churning customers and seeking their characteristics. However, relationships among customers or products have not been considered in existing researches. In this study, product networks are proposed and analyzed to investigate the differences of network characteristics of products purchased by potential churning customers and those of loyal customers. The product networks are constructed from real product purchase data collected from a Korean department store. We investigated the characteristic differences, such as the degree centrality, degree centralization, and density, of two product networks constructed by potential churning customers and the loyal customers. The results indicate that degree centrality, density and degree centralization of the product network of the loyal customers are higher than those of the potential churning customers. And the promotional products of the department store are resulted to be effective in attracting the loyal customers.

• 아동학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.33-50
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• 2001

This research analyzed differences between parents and teachers in assessment of young children's potential abilities based on multiple intelligences theory. Subjects were 10 boys and 10 girls, 4 and 5 years of age and their parents and teachers. Children's potential abilities were measured by the Korean Project Spectrum(KPS) and by the assessments of parents and teachers. Data were analyzed by SPSS. Statistical methods were Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, and Pearson's and Spearman's correlations. Results revealed differences between the assessments of parents and of teachers. While teacher assessments were very similar to the results of the KPS on logical mathematical and linguistic intelligence, the results of parents' assessments were different from the results of the KPS on musical, interpersonal-intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligence.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.299-307
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• 1991

In this paper the effect of light on non-aerated Baker's Yeast(Saccharomyces cereuisiae) production and the protein excretion to the extracellular fluid is studied. Previous results in our laboratory indicate that at pH=5 and T-32$^{\circ}C$ yeast may be affected by light, but those differences seem to be within statistical variation of the data. In this paper, cell and extracellular protein concentrations along with redox potential are monitored for batch fermentations in the presence and absence of light at pH levels of 3 and 5 and at 31$^{\circ}C$, in order to explore whether possible light effects can be more readily discerned at lower pH values. Yeast particle size distributions are also determined over the course of fermentation using a particle counter in order to add one more measuring tool to our usual cell and total protein measurements. An apparently noticeable difference in the redox potential is observed between the light and the dark runs for early times for the pH=3 runs. The particle size distributions show differences in the particle diameters between light and dark runs at pH=3, but those differences fall within one standard deviation of the mean particle diameters.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2002

Objective : Assuming That the Characteristic of Meridian System Has been Similar to This of Electric Potentials in Human Body And that Measurements of Electric Potential at Well(井穴) and Sea(合穴) Points in Branches of the Twelve Meridians(WSBTM) Will Be Representative of Measurements of the Twelve Meridians, to Measure the Electric Potentials of 21 Patients with Shoulder Lesions, And Aching of Shoulder and Arm(肩臂痛)(ASA), to Be Differences in Electric Potentials of Patients Between Before And After Acupuncture Treatment, And Then to Find out the Characteristic of Meridian System in Patients with Shoulder Lesions. Methods : Electric Potentials of Well And Sea Points in the Meridians in Twenty one Patients with ASA Diagnosed by Both x-ray And Self View on Pain at Shoulder And Arm were Repeatedly Measured by Physiograph(PowerLab) at Before And after Acupuncture Treatment, Respectively. Measurements of Those Electrical Potentials Were Analyzed by Factor Analysis. Results : The Electric Potentials of WSBTM At the Left Side Before Acupuncture Treatment Were Divided Into Five Factors, But Those After Acupuncture Treatment Were Done Into Four Factors. On The Other Hand Those At the Right Side Before Acupuncture Treatment Were Divided Into Four Factors, The Number of Factors After Acupuncture Treatment Was Five. Conclusions : In Conclusions, The Number of Factors Before Acupuncture Treatment Are Different from Those After Acupuncture Treatment. In the Results The Effect of Acupuncture Treatment May be Reflected in Measurements of Electric Potential at WSBTM.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.182-196
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• 2010

Purpose: This study examined potential determinants of gender differences in utilization of health care services among Korean adults. Methods: The study population was 21,647 adults ${\geq}$25-years-of-age who had responded to a health interview survey conducted as part of the 2005 National Health and Nutrition Surveys. Relative gender differences in the use of each health service were assessed using chi-square test and sex ratios. The contribution of potential factors of sex differences in the use of health services was evaluated by comparing the odds ratio and sex ratio before and after adjustment for such variables. Results & Conclusions: More females had visited a physician and been admitted to hospital, but hospitalization time was longer for males. Adjustment for poor self-rated health, number of chronic disease and limit of full term for ADL led to a reduction in the odds ratio of females compared to males for health service utilization. However, adjustment for socioeconomic factors (household income, education, occupation, and health insurance) magnified the gender difference concerning length of hospitalization. Factors that explain gender-related differences in utilization of health care services are concluded to be different health needs and socioeconomic status.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.265-278
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• 2024

This study investigates the potential of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-generated cephalograms as a replacement for conventional lateral cephalograms (LCs) in children and adolescents. This retrospective study included 60 individuals, equally divided into permanent and mixed dentition groups. Both groups underwent conventional LCs and CBCT scans on the same day. LCs were then derived from CBCT scans. The same examiner performed digital measurements twice, with a week's interval, identifying landmarks and obtaining 7 angular and 5 linear measurements. In the permanent dentition group, significant differences were observed between the two imaging modalities for 6 angular and 2 linear measurements. In the mixed dentition group, significant differences were observed for 3 angular and 2 linear measurements. However, none of these differences exceeded the clinically acceptable limit of 2.0° or 2.0 mm. No significant differences in any measurement were found between the two groups (p < 0.05). CBCT-generated LCs demonstrated comparable results with good reliability in both dentition groups, suggesting their potential as suitable alternatives for children and adolescents who require CBCT for clinical purposes.